懁

懁 U+61C1, 懁 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-61C1 ← 懀 [U+61C0] CJK Unified Ideographs 懂 → [U+61C2]

Translingual

Han character

懁 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 心田中女 (PWLV), four-corner 9003₂, composition ⿰忄睘)

1. anxious, distressed

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 405, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11319
• Dae Jaweon: page 745, character 21
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2361, character 4
• Unihan data for U+61C1

Chinese

simp. and trad.		懁

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 懁
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (睘) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
癏	*kʷraːn
擐	*kʷraːn, *ɡʷraːns
還	*ɡʷraːn, *sɢʷan
環	*ɡʷraːn
鬟	*ɡʷraːn
寰	*ɡʷraːn, *ɡʷeːns
闤	*ɡʷraːn
糫	*ɡʷraːn
圜	*ɡʷraːn, *ɡʷen
鐶	*ɡʷraːn
轘	*ɡʷraːn, *ɡʷraːns
澴	*ɡʷraːn
繯	*ɡʷraːns, *ɡʷeːnʔ
檈	*sɢʷan, *sɢʷin
儇	*qʰʷen
翾	*qʰʷen
蠉	*qʰʷen, *qʰʷenʔ
嬛	*qʰʷen, *qʷen, *ɡʷeŋ
譞	*qʰʷen
懁	*kʷeːns
獧	*kʷeːns
噮	*qʷeːns
彋	*ɡʷreːŋ, *ɡʷreːŋ
睘	*ɡʷeŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kʷeːns): semantic 心 (“heart”) + phonetic 睘 (OC *ɡʷeŋ)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xuān (xuan¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄢ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gyun¹
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): huang² / huong²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xuān
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: syuan
    • Wade–Giles: hsüan¹
    • Yale: sywān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiuan
    • Palladius: сюань (sjuanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy̯ɛn⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gyun¹
    • Yale: gyūn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gyn¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: gün¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kyːn⁵⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: huang²
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: huáng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huaŋ¹³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: huong²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huoŋ²⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: kwenH

Rime
Character	懁
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	先 (86)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	古縣切
Baxter	kwenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kwenH/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷenH/
Shao Rongfen	/kuɛnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwɛnH/
Li Rong	/kuenH/
Wang Li	/kiwenH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kiwenH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	juàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gyun3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʷeːns/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	懁
Reading #	1/1
No.	16253
Phonetic component	睘
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	睊
Old Chinese	/*kʷeːns/

Definitions

懁

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “懁”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 270.

Japanese

Kanji

懁

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. restless

Readings

• On (unclassified): けん (ken)、かん (kan)、げん (gen)
• Kun: はげしい (hageshī)

Korean

Hanja

懁 • (hyeon, hwan) (hangeul 현, 환, revised hyeon, hwan, McCune–Reischauer hyŏn, hwan, Yale hyen, hwan)

1. impatience