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缺
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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See also: 欠
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Translingual
Han character
缺 (Kangxi radical 121, 缶+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 人山木大 (OUDK), four-corner 85730, composition ⿰缶夬)
Derived characters
- 蒛, 𠺋, 𧎯, 𨶏(𨸊), 𮉻
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 945, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28122
- Dae Jaweon: page 1385, character 12
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2936, character 4
- Unihan data for U+7F3A
Chinese
Glyph origin
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kʰʷed, *kʰʷeːd): semantic 缶 (“earthen pot”) + phonetic 夬 (OC *kʷraːds).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): kyut3
- Gan (Wiktionary): qyot6
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): qyeh4
- Northern Min (KCR): kiĕ / kṳĕ
- Eastern Min (BUC): kiék / kuók
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ki6 / kuei6 / kuai6 / koi6 / koeh6 / kyoeh6 / kieh6
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 7chiuq / 7chioq
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): qye6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: quē
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄝ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cyue
- Wade–Giles: chʻüeh1
- Yale: chywē
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiue
- Palladius: цюэ (cjue)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰy̯ɛ⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: que2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: kye
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰye²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: kyut3
- Yale: kyut
- Cantonese Pinyin: kyt8
- Guangdong Romanization: küd3
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰyːt̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: qyot6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰyɵt̚⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiet
- Hakka Romanization System: kiedˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: kiad5
- Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯et̚²/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiat
- Hakka Romanization System: kiadˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: kiad5
- Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯at̚²/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: kied
- Sinological IPA: /kʰiet⁵/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: qyeh4
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕʰyəʔ²/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: kiĕ / kṳĕ
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰiɛ²⁴/, /kʰyɛ²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: kiék / kuók
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰiɛʔ²⁴/, /kʰuɔʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
Note:
- kiék - “incomplete”;
- kuók - “to lack”.
- Puxian Min
- (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: ki6
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: kī
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰi¹¹/
- (Xianyou, Youyang, Fengting)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: ki6
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰi²¹/
- (Putian, Nanri)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: kuei6
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: kōi
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰuei¹¹/
- (Xianyou, Fengting)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: kuei6
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰuei²¹/
- (Jiangkou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: kuai6
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰuɐi¹¹/
- (Youyang)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: koi6
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰoi²¹/
- (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: koeh6
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ke̤h
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰœʔ²¹/
- (Youyang)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: koeh6
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰœʔ²/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: kyoeh6
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰyøʔ²/
- (Fengting)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: kieh6
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰieʔ²/
- (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Hsinchu, Magong, Jinjiang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kheh
- Tâi-lô: kheh
- Phofsit Daibuun: qeq
- IPA (Jinjiang): /kʰeʔ⁵/
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /kʰeʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Hsinchu, Kinmen)
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan, Jinjiang)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khih
- Tâi-lô: khih
- Phofsit Daibuun: qiq
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kʰiʔ³²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰiʔ⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khoat
- Tâi-lô: khuat
- Phofsit Daibuun: qoad
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰuat̚⁵/
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kʰuat̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Hsinchu, Magong, Jinjiang)
- kheh/kherh/khoeh - vernacular (“to lack; vacancy”);
- khih - vernacular (“chipped part; classifier”);
- khoat - literary (“incomplete; imperfect”).
Note:
Note:
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: khwet, khjwiet
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*Nə-[k]ʷʰˤet/
- (Zhengzhang): /*kʰʷed/, /*kʰʷeːd/
Definitions
缺
- incomplete; uncompleted; deficient
- imperfect; flawed
- to lack; to be short of
- to be absent
- vacancy; gap; deficit
- (colloquial) to be mean; to be wicked
- (colloquial) to be stupid; to be dense
- (Hokkien) chipped part; broken edge (on a bowl, cup, etc.)
- (Taiwanese Hokkien) Classifier for chipped parts on the edge of a container.
- (Shanghainese, when telling time) to
Synonyms
- (incomplete):
Antonyms
- (antonym(s) of “imperfect”):
Compounds
- 三缺一 (sānquēyī)
- 不可或缺 (bùkěhuòquē)
- 保殘守缺 / 保残守缺
- 候缺
- 先天缺陷 (xiāntiān quēxiàn)
- 先缺後空 / 先缺后空
- 兔缺 (tùquē)
- 兔缺烏沉 / 兔缺乌沉
- 出缺 (chūquē)
- 列缺 (lièquē)
- 劣缺
- 劣缺搊搜 / 劣缺𫼝搜
- 匱缺 / 匮缺
- 圓缺 / 圆缺 (yuánquē)
- 奇缺
- 好缺
- 完好無缺 / 完好无缺 (wánhǎowúquē)
- 完美無缺 / 完美无缺 (wánměiwúquē)
- 實缺 / 实缺
- 寧缺勿濫 / 宁缺勿滥 (nìngquēwùlàn)
- 寧缺毋濫 / 宁缺毋滥 (nìngquēwúlàn)
- 少一缺二
- 嶢嶢易缺 / 峣峣易缺
- 幹缺 / 干缺
- 底缺
- 從缺 / 从缺 (cóngquē)
- 得缺
- 急缺
- 懸缺 / 悬缺
- 或缺
- 抱殘守缺 / 抱残守缺 (bàocánshǒuquē)
- 放缺
- 敗缺 / 败缺
- 書缺簡脫 / 书缺简脱
- 月缺花殘 / 月缺花残
- 月缺難圓 / 月缺难圆
- 欠缺 (qiànquē)
- 殘缺 / 残缺 (cánquē)
- 殘缺不全 / 残缺不全 (cánquēbùquán)
- 短斤缺兩 / 短斤缺两
- 短缺 (duǎnquē)
- 禮壞樂缺 / 礼坏乐缺
- 空缺 (kòngquē)
- 簡缺 / 简缺
- 精神缺陷 (jīngshén quēxiàn)
- 納敗缺 / 纳败缺
- 緊缺 / 紧缺 (jǐnquē)
- 繁缺
- 缺一不可 (quēyībùkě)
- 缺一腳 / 缺一脚
- 缺乏 (quēfá)
- 缺刻
- 缺勤 (quēqín)
- 缺口 (quēkǒu)
- 缺喙 (khih-chhùi) (Min Nan)
- 缺嘴 (quēzuǐ)
- 缺失 (quēshī)
- 缺少 (quēshǎo)
- 缺席 (quēxí)
- 缺德 (quēdé)
- 缺德鬼
- 缺憾 (quēhàn)
- 缺斤少兩 / 缺斤少两 (quējīnshǎoliǎng)
- 缺斤短兩 / 缺斤短两 (quējīnduǎnliǎng)
- 缺月再圓 / 缺月再圆
- 缺欠 (quēqiàn)
- 缺氧症
- 缺水 (quēshuǐ)
- 缺漏 (quēlòu)
- 缺略
- 缺糧 / 缺粮 (quēliáng)
- 缺編 / 缺编
- 缺缺
- 缺考 (quēkǎo)
- 缺脣 / 缺唇
- 缺衣少食 (quēyīshǎoshí)
- 缺課 / 缺课 (quēkè)
- 缺貨 / 缺货 (quēhuò)
- 缺門 / 缺门
- 缺陷 (quēxiàn)
- 缺頁 / 缺页 (quēyè)
- 缺項 / 缺项
- 缺額 / 缺额
- 缺食無衣 / 缺食无衣
- 缺點 / 缺点 (quēdiǎn)
- 署缺
- 美缺
- 肥缺 (féiquē)
- 膨脹缺口 / 膨胀缺口
- 花殘月缺 / 花残月缺
- 行虧名缺 / 行亏名缺
- 補殘守缺 / 补残守缺
- 補缺 / 补缺 (bǔquē)
- 補缺拾遺 / 补缺拾遗
- 遇缺不補 / 遇缺不补
- 遺缺 / 遗缺
- 金甌無缺 / 金瓯无缺 (jīn'ōuwúquē)
- 銜缺相當 / 衔缺相当
- 開缺 / 开缺
- 離缺 / 离缺
- 零缺點 / 零缺点
- 餘缺 / 余缺 (yúquē)
References
- “缺”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “缺”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 230.
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Japanese
| 欠 | |
| 缺 |
Kanji
缺
(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 欠)
Readings
Compounds
Usage notes
In modern Japanese, 缺 is mostly replaced by 欠, due to the deprecation of non-tōyō kanji caused by the Japanese script reform.
Korean
Hanja
缺 (eumhun 이지러질 결 (ijireojil gyeol))
Compounds
Vietnamese
Han character
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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