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鑿
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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See also: 凿
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Translingual
Han character
鑿 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+19, 27 strokes, cangjie input 廿水金 (TEC), four-corner 37109, composition ⿱𣫞金)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1327, character 29
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41088
- Dae Jaweon: page 1829, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4277, character 7
- Unihan data for U+947F
Chinese
Glyph origin
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ʔsoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 𥽿.
Etymology
Compare Burmese ဆောက် (hcauk, “chisel”) (Schuessler, 2007) from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *dzawk, as well as perhaps Burmese စိုက် (cuik, “to plant”) (STEDT).
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): zok6 / zok6-2
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): chĕ̤k
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 8zoq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: záo
- Zhuyin: ㄗㄠˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: záo
- Wade–Giles: tsao2
- Yale: dzáu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzaur
- Palladius: цзао (czao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɑʊ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, literary variant)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: zuò
- Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄛˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: zuò
- Wade–Giles: tso4
- Yale: dzwò
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuoh
- Palladius: цзо (czo)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)
- Jyutping: zok6 / zok6-2
- Yale: johk / jók
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzok9 / dzok9-2
- Guangdong Romanization: zog6 / zog6-2
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɔːk̚²/, /t͡sɔːk̚²⁻³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)
Note: zok6-2 - chisel (n.).
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chho̍k
- Hakka Romanization System: cog
- Hagfa Pinyim: cog6
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰok̚⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: chĕ̤k
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰøyʔ⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cho̍k
- Tâi-lô: tso̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: zok
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɔk̚²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔk̚¹²¹/
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sɔk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha̍k
- Tâi-lô: tsa̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: zak
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sak̚¹²¹/
Note:
- chha̍k - vernacular (“to pierce; to criticize; feeling uncomfortable”);
- cha̍k - vernacular (“to pierce (Zhangzhou”);
- cho̍k - literary.
- Middle Chinese: dzak
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[dz]ˤawk/
- (Zhengzhang): /*zoːwɢ/
Definitions
鑿
- chisel
- to bore; to cut a hole; to chisel
- to dig
- (obsolete) tool for tattooing the face as punishment
- (literary) to interpret in a strained manner
- (obsolete) used in 鑿行／凿行
- (obsolete) used in 鑿空／凿空 (záokōng)
- (obsolete) feeling; emotion
- (literary or Beijing Mandarin) to beat forcefully
- (Hokkien) to stab; to pierce
- (Mainland China Hokkien) to criticize with pointed words; to poke holes in people's secrets
- (Taiwanese Hokkien) feeling uncomfortable (when worn, etc.)
Synonyms
- (chisel):
- (to bore):
Compounds
Descendants
Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: záo
- Zhuyin: ㄗㄠˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: záo
- Wade–Giles: tsao2
- Yale: dzáu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzaur
- Palladius: цзао (czao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɑʊ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: zào
- Zhuyin: ㄗㄠˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: zào
- Wade–Giles: tsao4
- Yale: dzàu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzaw
- Palladius: цзао (czao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: zuò
- Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄛˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: zuò
- Wade–Giles: tso4
- Yale: dzwò
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuoh
- Palladius: цзо (czo)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)
- Jyutping: zok6
- Yale: johk
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzok9
- Guangdong Romanization: zog6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɔːk̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)
Definitions
鑿
Compounds
- 圓鑿方枘 / 圆凿方枘
- 圜鑿方枘 / 圜凿方枘
- 方枘圜鑿 / 方枘圜凿
- 方鑿圓枘 / 方凿圆枘
- 枘圓鑿方 / 枘圆凿方
- 枘鑿 / 枘凿
- 鑿圓枘方 / 凿圆枘方
- 鑿枘 / 凿枘
- 鑿枘不入 / 凿枘不入
Pronunciation 3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: záo
- Zhuyin: ㄗㄠˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: záo
- Wade–Giles: tsao2
- Yale: dzáu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzaur
- Palladius: цзао (czao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɑʊ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, literary variant)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: zuò
- Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄛˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: zuò
- Wade–Giles: tso4
- Yale: dzwò
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuoh
- Palladius: цзо (czo)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)
- Jyutping: zok6
- Yale: johk
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzok9
- Guangdong Romanization: zog6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɔːk̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)
- Middle Chinese: tsak
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsoːwɢ/
Definitions
鑿
- real; authentic; irrefutable
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 糳 (zuò, “to polish (rice)”)
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 糳 (zuò, “polished rice”)
- used in 鑿鑿／凿凿 (zuòzuò)
Compounds
Pronunciation 4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: zú
- Zhuyin: ㄗㄨˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: zú
- Wade–Giles: tsu2
- Yale: dzú
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzwu
- Palladius: цзу (czu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡su³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Middle Chinese: dzuwk
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*zoːwɢ/
Definitions
鑿
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to carve
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 鏃 / 镞 (“arrow”)
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