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船

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

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船 U+8239, 船
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8239
← 舸
[U+8238] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 舺 →
[U+823A]
See also: 舩

Translingual

More information Stroke order ...

Alternative forms

The top-right part can be either 八 or 几, depending on the script; Japanese: 船, mainland China: 船, traditional Chinese: 船, Korean: 船; see Han unification.

Han character

船 (Kangxi radical 137, 舟+5, 11 strokes, cangjie input 竹卜金口 (HYCR) or 竹卜竹弓口 (HYHNR), four-corner 28460, composition ⿰舟㕣)

Derived characters

  • 𪮥 𬼔 𬜕 𰈧 𥂟

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1010, character 17
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30407
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1468, character 15
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3060, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+8239
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Chinese

More information trad., simp. # ...
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Glyph origin

More information Historical forms of the character 船, Western Zhou ...
Characters in the same phonetic series (沿) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
More information Old Chinese ...

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɦljon): semantic 舟 (“boat”) + phonetic 㕣 (OC *lon).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-lawŋ (“boat”). Compare Burmese လောင်း (laung:, “long and narrow boat”), and Mizo lawng (“boat or ship”).

Sagart (1999) interprets Old Chinese 船 (OC *ɦljon) as a nominal derivate of the verb 沿 (OC *lon, “to go downstream a river”). The Fangyan states that this word was commonly used in western China, but, by Han times, it had completely displaced the earlier 舟 (OC *tjɯw), used in central and eastern China.

Alternatively, the Proto-Sino-Tibetan root could be a loan from Proto-Mon-Khmer *d₂lu(u)ŋ ~ *d₂l(u)əŋ (“boat”), whence Mon ဂၠုၚ် (klɜ̀ŋ, “canoe, small boat”), perhaps a derivate of Proto-Mon-Khmer *luŋh ~ *luuŋh ~ *ləŋh (“to hollow, excavate, bore”), see Khmer លុង (lung, “to dig a hole”) and Vietnamese trũng (“concave”) (Sidwell, 2006; Schuessler, 2007).

Hong Kong Cantonese “scholarship” is influenced by English scholarship.

Pronunciation

Note:
  • chûn - vernacular;
  • soân - literary.
  • Dialectal data
More information Variety, Location ...
More information Rime, Character ...
More information Character, Reading # ...
More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...

Definitions

船

  1. watercraft; vessel (including ships, boats, sailing ships, hovercrafts; sometimes including submarines) (Classifier: 條／条 m; 艘 m; 隻／只 m c mn mn-t; 架 c)
  2. an object with a shape or function similar to watercraft
    太空船  ―  tàikōngchuán  ―  spaceship
  3. (Hong Kong Cantonese, chiefly university slang) scholarship
    攞船／𫽋船 [Hong Kong Cantonese]  ―  lo2 syun4 [Jyutping]  ―  to receive scholarship
  4. (obsolete) alcohol cup
  5. (obsolete) to carry by watercraft
  6. (obsolete, dialectal) button
  7. a surname, Chuan

Synonyms

  • (watercraft):
Dialectal synonyms of 船 (“watercraft; vessel”) [map]
More information Variety, Location ...

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (船):
  • → Japanese: 船(ぜん) (zen); 船(せん) (sen)
  • → Korean: 선(船) (seon)
  • → Vietnamese: thuyền (船)

Others:

References

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Japanese

Korean

Kunigami

Miyako

Okinawan

Vietnamese

Yaeyama

Yonaguni

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