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誰
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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See also: 谁
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Translingual
Han character
誰 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+8, 15 strokes, cangjie input 卜口人土 (YROG), four-corner 00614, composition ⿰訁隹)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1165, character 11
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35686
- Dae Jaweon: page 1630, character 27
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3987, character 10
- Unihan data for U+8AB0
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Chinese
Glyph origin
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *djul): semantic 言 (“speak”) + phonetic 隹 (OC *tjul).
Etymology 1
From *du + *-i (“suffix in independent pronouns”); cognate with 疇 (OC *du, “who”), 孰 (OC *djɯwɢ, “which one; who”) (Schuessler, 2007). In other Sino-Tibetan languages, compare Mizo tû (“who; which”), Chepang दोह् (“what”), Proto-Kuki-Chin *tuu (“who; which (relativizer)”) (Schuessler, 2007; STEDT).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): sui4
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): sei1 / sui1
- Northern Min (KCR): sṳ̌
- Eastern Min (BUC): sùi
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sui2
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6zoe
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): xyei2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, vernacular)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: shéi
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄟˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shéi
- Wade–Giles: shei2
- Yale: shéi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sheir
- Palladius: шэй (šɛj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂeɪ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, literary)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: shuí
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄨㄟˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shuéi
- Wade–Giles: shui2
- Yale: shwéi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shwei
- Palladius: шуй (šuj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂu̯eɪ̯³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: sui2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: sui
- Sinological IPA (key): /suei²¹/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: сый (sɨy, I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /sei²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese, vernacular)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: seoi4
- Yale: sèuih
- Cantonese Pinyin: soey4
- Guangdong Romanization: sêu4
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɵy̯²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: sui3
- Sinological IPA (key): /sui²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: sui4
- Sinological IPA (key): /sui³⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sùi
- Hakka Romanization System: suiˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: sui2
- Sinological IPA: /su̯i¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: sei1 / sui1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /sei¹¹/, /suei¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sṳ̌
- Sinological IPA (key): /sy²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: sùi
- Sinological IPA (key): /sui⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: sui2
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: súi
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɬui¹³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: sui2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɬui²⁴/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
Note:
- sûi - literary;
- chûi - vernacular.
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: dzywij
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]uj/
- (Zhengzhang): /*djul/
Definitions
誰
Compounds
Etymology 2
Contraction of 啥人 (siáⁿ-lâng).
Pronunciation
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): siâng / sâng / siáng
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese, Lukang, Yilan, Hsinchu, Singapore)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sâng
- Tâi-lô: sâng
- Phofsit Daibuun: saang
- IPA (Quanzhou): /saŋ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siáng
- Tâi-lô: siáng
- Phofsit Daibuun: siarng
- IPA (Taipei): /siaŋ⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /siaŋ⁴¹/
Definitions
誰
- (Southern Min) who; whom
Etymology 3
Contraction of 底人 (tī-lâng).
Pronunciation
Definitions
誰
Etymology 4
Contraction of 是誰／是谁 (chī-chūi).
Pronunciation
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chūi
Definitions
誰
- (Hokkien, chiefly Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) who; whom
Etymology 5
From shortening of 是誰／是谁 (chī-choa̍h), from 是誰仔／是谁仔 (chī-chūi-á).
Pronunciation
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): choa̍h / chôa / chiâ
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: choa̍h
- Tâi-lô: tsua̍h
- Phofsit Daibuun: zoah
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡suaʔ¹²¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chôa
- Tâi-lô: tsuâ
- Phofsit Daibuun: zoaa
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sua¹³/
- (Hokkien: Taichung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiâ
- Tâi-lô: tsiâ
- Phofsit Daibuun: ciaa
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
Definitions
誰
- (Hokkien, including Zhangzhou and Taichung Hokkien) who; whom
Synonyms
See also
Question words
References
- “誰”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- “誰”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
- “誰”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
- 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “谁”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 208.
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