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雁

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

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See also: 鳫 and 䧹
雁 U+96C1, 雁
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-96C1
← 雀
[U+96C0] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 雂 →
[U+96C2]

Translingual

Han character

雁 (Kangxi radical 172, 隹+4, 12 strokes, cangjie input 一人人土 (MOOG), four-corner 71214, composition ⿸厂倠)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1364, character 24
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41960
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1868, character 22
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4093, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+96C1

Chinese

More information trad., simp. ...
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Glyph origin

More information Historical forms of the character 雁, Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) ...
Characters in the same phonetic series (雁) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
More information Old Chinese ...

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ŋraːns): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 人 + semantic 隹.

Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ŋa-n (“goose”) (tentatively reconstructed); cognate with Tibetan ངང་པ (ngang pa), Burmese ငန်း (ngan:).

Related to 鵝 (OC *ŋaːl, “domestic goose”); both 鵝 and 雁 likely reflect an earlier liquid final (Schuessler, 2007; cf. Baxter and Sagart's reconstruction). Alternatively, it may derive from 鵝 with nominalizing suffix *-n, but this Chinese-internal derivation is problematic in light of the cognates in Tibeto-Burman (Schuessler, 2007; Alves, 2015b); but see Hill (2019) also, as noted in the etymology of 鵝.

Possible relationship with Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰh₂éns (“goose”) has been noted by some (Mayrhofer, 1976; Alves, 2015b).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • 3nge - vernacular;
  • 2i - literary.
More information Rime, Character ...
More information Character, Reading # ...
More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...

Definitions

雁

  1. wild goose (as opposed to a domesticated goose – 鵝／鹅 (é)) (Classifier: 隻／只 m c)
  2. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) synonym of 鵝 / 鹅 (é)
  3. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 贗 / 赝 (yàn, “fake; false”)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 大雁 (“swan goose”) [map]
More information Variety, Location ...

Compounds

  • 名標雁塔 / 名标雁塔
  • 大雁 (dàyàn)
  • 大雁塔
  • 奠雁
  • 孔雁
  • 平沙落雁
  • 指雁為羹 / 指雁为羹
  • 斷雁孤鴻 / 断雁孤鸿
  • 木雁
  • 沉魚落雁 / 沉鱼落雁 (chényúluòyàn)
  • 燕雁代飛 / 燕雁代飞
  • 白額雁 / 白额雁
  • 空弦落雁
  • 落雁沉魚 / 落雁沉鱼
  • 蠶頭雁尾 / 蚕头雁尾
  • 衡陽雁去 / 衡阳雁去
  • 豆雁
  • 雁來紅 / 雁来红 (yànláihóng)
  • 雁去魚來 / 雁去鱼来
  • 雁塔
  • 雁塔題名 / 雁塔题名
  • 雁奴
  • 雁字
  • 雁帛
  • 雁幣 / 雁币
  • 雁序
  • 雁形目
  • 雁影分飛 / 雁影分飞
  • 雁戶 / 雁户
  • 雁書 / 雁书
  • 雁杳魚沉 / 雁杳鱼沉 (yànyǎoyúchén)
  • 雁柱
  • 雁皮
  • 雁翅
  • 雁翎刀 (yànlíngdāo)
  • 雁蕩山 / 雁荡山 (Yàndàngshān)
  • 雁行
  • 雁行折翼
  • 雁足
  • 雁足傳書 / 雁足传书
  • 雁門關 / 雁门关 (Yànménguān)
  • 雁陣 / 雁阵 (yànzhèn)
  • 雁鴨科 / 雁鸭科
  • 雁齒 / 雁齿
  • 頭雁 / 头雁
  • 魚沉雁杳 / 鱼沉雁杳 (yúchényànyǎo)
  • 魚沉雁渺 / 鱼沉雁渺
  • 魚沉雁落 / 鱼沉雁落
  • 魚雁 / 鱼雁
  • 魚雁不絕 / 鱼雁不绝
  • 魚雁沉沉 / 鱼雁沉沉
  • 鳧雁 / 凫雁
  • 鴻雁 / 鸿雁 (hóngyàn)
  • 鴻雁傳書 / 鸿雁传书 (hóngyànchuánshū)
  • 鴻雁哀鳴 / 鸿雁哀鸣 (hóngyàn'āimíng)
  • 鴻雁河 / 鸿雁河 (Hóngyànhé)
  • 鵰心雁爪 / 雕心雁爪

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (雁):
  • → Japanese: 雁(がん) (gan)
  • → Vietnamese: nhạn (雁)

Others:

References

  • “雁”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
  • 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “雁”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 211.
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