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殺

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

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See also: 杀
殺 U+6BBA, 殺
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6BBA
← 殹
[U+6BB9] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 殻 →
[U+6BBB]
Thumb
殺 U+F970, 殺
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F970
← 說
[U+F96F] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 辰 →
[U+F971]
殺 U+FA96, 殺
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA96
← 歹
[U+FA95] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 流 →
[U+FA97]
Thumb
殺 U+2F8F5, 殺
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F8F5
← 殟
[U+2F8F4] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 殻 →
[U+2F8F6]
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Translingual

More information Traditional, Simplified ...

Alternative forms

  • In traditional Chinese (based on the modern character forms used in Taiwan and Hong Kong), the bottom left component is 朮 (𣎳 with an additional dot at its top right corner).
  • In mainland China (based on the Xin Zixing (新字形) standardized character forms), the bottom left component is 朩 instead which is one stroke less.
  • In Korean hanja, the bottom left component is 术, which is also the historical form found in the Kangxi dictionary.
  • In Japanese shinjitai and Vietnamese Nôm, the bottom left component is 木 which is one stroke less.
  • Three CJK Compatibility Ideographs exist for this character:
    • U+F970 corresponds to the Japanese kyūjitai form containing 术 which is similar to the historical Kangxi form.
    • U+FA96 corresponds to the alternative Korean form which is similar to the Japanese shinjitai form containing 木.
    • U+2F8F5 is similar to the traditional form in Taiwan but has 𣎳 (without dot at top right corner) instead of 朮 as its bottom left component.

Han character

殺 (Kangxi radical 79, 殳+7 in traditional Chinese and Korean, 殳+6 in mainland China and Japanese, 11 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 10 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 大金竹弓水 (KCHNE) or 大木竹弓水 (KDHNE), four-corner 47947, composition ⿰⿱㐅朩殳(G) or ⿰⿱㐅朮殳(HT) or ⿰⿱㐅木殳(JV or U+FA96) or ⿰⿱㐅术殳(K or U+F970) or ⿰⿱㐅𣎳殳(U+2F8F5))

Derived characters

Additional Derived Characters
  • 𠺽, 𢄌, 𢟌, 𣻑, 𬿔, 𣉜, 𪹤, 𰧖, 𮂎, 𧜁, 𦃏, 𧏫, 𩴇, 𩻈, 𩮫, 𢞒, 𤍁, 𱤃, 𭯀, 𥻦, 𭯂, 𪄅, 𱥘

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 585, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16638
  • Dae Jaweon: page 978, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2157, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+6BBA
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Chinese

More information trad., simp. ...

Glyph origin

More information Historical forms of the character 殺, Shang ...
Characters in the same phonetic series (杀) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
More information Old Chinese ...

In the oracle bone script, it was an ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) of a boar that had been impaled in the head.

In the seal script, the original compound was corrupted into 𣏂 (sometimes written as 杀). It was also in the seal script that the pictogram (象形): 人 (“person”) + 又 (“right hand”), which was later corrupted into 殳 (“spear”) or 攴, was added under the head of the boar to specify the killing was done by a person.

The modern-day character inherits this and can be thought of as a phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sreːds, *sreːd): phonetic 𣏂 + semantic 殳 (“spear”).

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/b-sat (“to kill”); compare Tibetan བསད (bsad), perfect of Tibetan གསོད (gsod, “to kill”), Proto-Lolo-Burmese *C-sat (“to kill”), Japhug sat (“to kill”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007; Zhang, Jacques and Lai, 2019).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • sah6 - literary;
  • sua6/suo6 - vernacular.
  • Dialectal data
More information Variety, Location ...
More information Rime, Character ...
More information Character, Reading # ...
More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...

Definitions

殺

  1. (transitive) to kill; to murder
    我殺咗隻烏蠅。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    我杀咗只乌蝇。 [Cantonese, simp.]
    ngo5 saat3 zo2 zek3 wu1 jing4-1. [Jyutping]
    I killed a fly.
  2. to ruin; to harm
  3. to fight
    殺出一條血路／杀出一条血路  ―  shā chū yī tiáo xuèlù  ―  to fight one's way out
  4. (dialectal, transitive) to cut; to slice (fruit, food)
    殺西瓜／杀西瓜  ―  shā xīguā  ―  to cut a watermelon
  5. (transitive) to abate; to reduce
    殺價／杀价  ―  shājià  ―  to bargain
  6. (regional, colloquial) to sting
  7. (chess) to mate; short for 將殺／将杀 (jiāngshā) ("to checkmate")
  8. (Hokkien) ruthless; ferocious; fierce
  9. (Hokkien) to butcher, especially by using a blade to drain its blood to death (of animals)
    殺雞／杀鸡 [Hokkien]  ―  soah koe [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to butcher a chicken by draining its blood with a knife
  10. (Taiwanese Hokkien) willing to part with something
Usage notes
  • Normally, the subject of 殺 should be animate. The sentence "A tiger killed many people." can be validly translated as 老虎殺死數人, while the sentence "This accident killed many people." is seldom translated as *這次事故殺死數人. For death caused by non-living things, split forms of 致死 (zhìsǐ) are often used instead:
    這次事故致數人死亡。 [MSC, trad.]
    这次事故致数人死亡。 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhè cì shìgù zhì shù rén sǐwáng. [Pinyin]
    This accident caused many people's deaths.
Synonyms
  • (to kill):
Dialectal synonyms of 殺 (“to kill (a person)”) [map]
More information Variety, Location ...
Dialectal synonyms of 宰 (“to slaughter; to butcher”) [map]
More information Variety, Location ...

Compounds

Etymology 2

From 衰 (OC *sʰrol, *srul, “to diminish; to decay”) + final *-t (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

More information Rime, Character ...
More information Character, Reading # ...
More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...

Definitions

殺

  1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to pare off; to diminish; to reduce; to clip

Compounds

  • 不殺 / 不杀
  • 不豐不殺 / 不丰不杀
  • 噍殺 / 噍杀
  • 幽殺 / 幽杀
  • 殺衣縮食 / 杀衣缩食
  • 豐殺 / 丰杀

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Definitions

殺

  1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) dark
  2. alternative form of 𥻦 (“to spread; to exile”)

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

Definitions

殺

  1. only used in 蹩殺／蹩杀

Etymology 5

Pronunciation

Definitions

殺

  1. only used in 降殺／降杀

Etymology 6

For pronunciation and definitions of 殺 – see 弒 (“to assassinate; to kill a superior”).
(This character is a variant form of 弒).

References

  • “殺”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
  • 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “杀”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 210.
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