gua

See also: Appendix:Variations of "gua"

Translingual

Symbol

gua

1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Shiki.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Shiki terms

Asturian

Alternative forms

• bua (Ayer)
• guá (non-standard spelling)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡwa/ [ˈɡwa]
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: gua

Noun

gua m (uncountable)

1. (games) marbles (game)
2. (games) hole for marbles

Further reading

• “gua”, in Diccionariu de la llingua asturiana [Dictionary of the Asturian Language] (in Asturian), 1ª edición, Academia de la Llingua Asturiana, 2000, →ISBN
• Xosé Lluis García Arias (2002–2004), “gua”, in Diccionario general de la lengua asturiana [General Dictionary of the Asturian Language] (in Spanish), Editorial Prensa Asturiana, →ISBN

Betawi

Alternative forms

• guah (Bekasi)
• guè (Meester)
• guĕ (Tanah Abang)

Etymology

Borrowed from Hokkien 我 (góa, “I, me, my”).

Pronunciation

• (literary) IPA^(key): /ɡu(w)a/

  • Audio:

    (file)

• (Bekasi) IPA^(key): [ɡu(w)ah]
• (Meester) IPA^(key): [ɡu(w)ɛ]

  • Audio:

    (file)

• (Tanah Abang) IPA^(key): [ɡu(w)ɤː]
• Hyphenation: gu‧a

Pronoun

gua

1. I (personal pronoun)
2. me (direct object of a verb)
3. me (object of a preposition)
4. me (indirect object of a verb)
5. my (belonging to me)

Usage notes

Used mainly in a common situation, especially between friends or by someone older in terms of speaking to a younger person. As for the usage by a younger person speaking with an older person, there is no agreement whether it is appropriate to do so or not: some would regard it as inappropriate, some other would not.

Synonyms

• ané
• aya, saya
• kita (euphemistic)

Brunei Malay

Etymology

Ultimately from Sanskrit गुहा (guhā). Cognate with Malay gua (“cave”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡua/
• Hyphenation: gu‧a

Noun

gua

1. cave (natural cavity formed underground)

Garo

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

gua

1. (botany) Areca palm, Areca nut

References

• Burling, R. (2003), The Language of the Modhupur Mandi (Garo) Vol. II: The Lexicon‎, Bangladesh: University of Michigan

Iban

Etymology

Ultimately from Sanskrit गुहा (guhā). Cognate with Malay gua (“cave”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡua/

Noun

gua

1. cave (natural cavity formed underground)

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian)
  • IPA^(key): /ˈɡua/ [ˈɡu.a] (noun)
    • Rhymes: -a
    • Syllabification: gu‧a
  • IPA^(key): /ˈɡwa/ [ˈɡwa] (pronoun)
    • Rhymes: -a

Etymology 1

From Malay gua, from Sanskrit गुहा (guhā, “cave”).

Noun

gua

1. cave

   Synonyms: gaung, gohong, ngalau

Alternative forms

• goa

Etymology 2

From Betawi gua (“I, me, my”), from Hokkien 我 (góa, “I, me, my”). Doublet of gue.

Pronoun

gua

1. (Jakarta, casual or informal) First-person singular pronoun: I, me, my

Alternative forms

• wa (text messaging)
• gw (text messaging)
• goea (1901–1947)

Synonyms

Indonesian first-person pronouns:

• aye, ogut, gue, gua (Jakarta)
• aku (informal)
• daku (poetic)
• saya (polite)
• hamba
• kami (euphemism)

Further reading

• “gua”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Malay

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Hokkien 我 (góa).

Pronunciation

• (Baku, schwa-variety) IPA^(key): /ˈɡwa/ [ˈɡwa]
  • Rhymes: -a
• (schwa-variety) IPA^(key): /ˈɡwə/ [ˈɡwə] (rare)
  • Rhymes: -uə, -wə, -ə
• Hyphenation: gua

Pronoun

gua (Jawi spelling ݢوا)

1. (Malaysia, Singapore) I, me, my

See also

• aku
• saya

Malay personal pronouns

		singular	plural
1st person	standard	saya / ساي aku / اکو, ku- / كوـ (informal/towards God) -ku / ـكو (poetic possessive) hamba / همبا (dated) daku / داکو (poetic)	kami / کامي (exclusive) kita orang / كيت اورڠ (informal exclusive) kita / کيت (inclusive)
	royal	beta / بيتا
2nd person	standard	kamu / کامو
		engkau / اڠکاو, kau- / كاوـ (informal/poetic/towards God) kau / كاو (informal) awak / اوق (friendly/older towards younger) anda / اندا (formal) awda / اءودا (Brunei, formal) -mu / ـمو (poetic possessive) dikau / ديکاو (poetic)	anda semua / اندا سموا (formal) awak semua / اوق سموا kamu semua / كامو سموا kalian / کالين (archaic) kau orang / كاو اورڠ (informal)
	royal	tuanku / توانكو
3rd person	standard	dia / دي ia / اي beliau / بلياو (honorific) -nya / ـڽ (possessive)	mereka / مريک dia orang / دي اورڠ (informal)
	royal	baginda / بݢيندا

Etymology 2

From Sanskrit गुहा (guhā, “cave”).

Pronunciation

• (schwa-variety) IPA^(key): /ˈɡwə/ [ˈɡwə]
  • Rhymes: -uə, -wə, -ə
• (Baku, Riau-Lingga) IPA^(key): /ˈɡwa/ [ˈɡwa]
  • Rhymes: -a
• Hyphenation: gua

Noun

gua (Jawi spelling ݢوا, plural gua-gua or gua²)

1. cave

Descendants

• > Indonesian: gua (inherited)

Further reading

• "gua" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017

Mandarin

Romanization

gua

1. nonstandard spelling of guā
2. nonstandard spelling of guǎ
3. nonstandard spelling of guà

Usage notes

• Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

West Makian

Etymology

Likely cognate with Tabaru goa and possibly Ternate ugu.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡu.a/

Noun

gua

1. the buttocks

   Synonym: pani

References

• Clemens Voorhoeve (1982), The Makian languages and their neighbours‎, Pacific linguistics

Zou

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡu˧.(w)a˧/

Noun

gua

1. bamboo

References

• Lukram Himmat Singh (2013), A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 45