ଗାଲିଅମ ହେଉଛି ଏକ ରାସାୟନିକ ମୌଳିକ ଯାହାର ପ୍ରତୀକ Ga ଓ ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ ୩୧ ।
Quick facts ସାଧାରଣ ଗୁଣ, ନାମ, ପ୍ରତୀକ ...
Gallium, 31Ga |
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| ନାମ, ପ୍ରତୀକ | gallium, Ga |
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| Appearance | silver-white |
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| ଉଚ୍ଚାରଣ | GAL-ee-əm |
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| ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ (Z) | 31 |
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| ଶ୍ରେଣୀ, ବ୍ଳକ | group 13, p-block |
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| ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ | period 4 |
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| ମୌଳିକ ପ୍ରକାର | post-transition metal |
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| ମାନକ ପରମାଣବିକ ଓଜନ (±) (Ar) | 69.723(1) |
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| ଇଲେକ୍ଟ୍ରୋନ୍ ବିନ୍ୟାସ | [Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p1 |
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per shell | 2, 8, 18, 3 |
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| ଅବସ୍ଥା | solid |
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| ଗଳନାଙ୍କ | 302.9146 K (29.7646 °C, 85.5763 °F) |
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| ସ୍ଫୁଟନାଙ୍କ | 2477 K (2204 °C, 3999 °F) |
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| Density near r.t. | 5.91 g/cm3 |
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| when liquid, at m.p. | 6.095 g/cm3 |
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| Heat of fusion | 5.59 kJ/mol |
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| Heat of | 254 kJ/mol |
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| Molar heat capacity | 25.86 J/(mol·K) |
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pressure
| P (Pa) |
1 |
10 |
100 |
1 k |
10 k |
100 k |
| at T (K) |
1310 |
1448 |
1620 |
1838 |
2125 |
2518 |
|
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| Oxidation states | 3, 2, 1 amphoteric oxide |
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| Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 1.81 |
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| energies |
(more) |
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| Atomic radius | empirical: 135 pm |
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| Covalent radius | 122±3 pm |
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| Van der Waals radius | 187 pm |
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| Crystal structure | orthorhombic |
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| Speed of sound thin rod | 2740 m/s (at 20 °C) |
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| Thermal expansion | 18 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C) |
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| Thermal conductivity | 40.6 W/(m·K) |
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| Electrical resistivity | 270 n Ω·m (at 20 °C) |
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| Magnetic ordering | diamagnetic |
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| Young's modulus | 9.8 GPa |
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| Poisson ratio | 0.47 |
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| Mohs hardness | 1.5 |
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| Brinell hardness | 60 MPa |
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| CAS Number | 7440-55-3 |
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| Prediction | Dmitri Mendeleev (1871) |
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| ଆବିଷ୍କାର | Lecoq de Boisbaudran (1875) |
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| First isolation | Lecoq de Boisbaudran (1875) |
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|
| iso |
NA |
half-life |
DM |
DE (MeV) |
DP |
| 69Ga |
60.11% |
69Ga is stable with 38 neutrons |
| 71Ga |
39.89% |
71Ga is stable with 40 neutrons |
|
| | references |
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