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List of semi-automatic train systems

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List of semi-automatic train systems
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This is a list of current semi-automatic train systems capable of GoA2 as according to the Grade of Automation classifications specified by the standard IEC 62290‐1. These are explained diagrammatically by the UITP. For the systems capable of GoA3 and higher, see the list of driverless train systems. Canceled automated train systems are in the list of defunct automated train systems.

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Control panel of a BART train, which has a black knob to allow the driver to switch between different modes of operation.
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Much like BART, Washington Metro trains also have a rotary switch to allow the driver to switch between automatic and manual operation.
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Control panel of a Tokyo Metro 10000 series train, which has a green lever to allow the driver to switch between different modes of operation. Two white ATO start buttons are also placed beside the master controller lever.
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Many metro systems with automatic train operation, such as the Tokyo Metro Namboku Line, are equipped with platform screen doors

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Africa

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Americas

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Asia

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Europe

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Oceania

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Future systems

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Asia

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Europe

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See also

Notes

  1. [a]
    Converted from manual to automated operation
  2. [b]
    Effective September 24, 2022, the entirety of Line 1 had been fully converted to automatic train control (ATC).
  3. [c]
    Entire system is fully automated, but can be over-ridden. Substations providing the power are remotely controlled from an operational control centre.
  4. [d]
    By the time the K Line opens, manual mode will be required from Aviation/Century to Expo/Crenshaw due to grade crossings and street running. The K Line will overlap most of the C Line east of Aviation/LAX.
  5. [e]
    Switch to automatic control while operating in the Market Street subway and in the Twin Peaks Tunnel. The operator manages the doors in-station and pilots the vehicle when running aboveground.
  6. [f]
    Has an automated mode, where the driver is responsible for opening and closing of doors and of overriding the system. However, the system has been operating in manual mode since the June 2009 Washington Metro train collision, and plans are to operate in manual mode until newer railcars are delivered.[7]
  7. [g]
    Only CR400BF-C trainsets support ATO.
  8. [h]
    Newer trains (since 2019) use an on-board system jointly developed by CASCO and Hitachi Rail STS. Interoperable with both CBTC and the existing track circuit based signal system.[15]
  9. [i]
    Same system as Paris RER line A
  10. [j]
    Uses signalling systems supplied by Alstom.
  11. [k]
    Uses LZB 700 signalling systems supplied by Siemens.
  12. [l]
    Line partially opened
  13. [m]
    A continuation of the Kobe Municipal Subway Seishin-Yamate Line.
  14. [n]
    ATO trialled from October 1967 until February 1968; trains now operated in manual mode.
  15. [o]
    ATO previously trialled from October 1973 until July 1974.
  16. [p]
    A continuation of the Tokyo Metro Namboku Line.
  17. [q]
    Previously used ATO from 1976 until 1990.
  18. [r]
    World's first railway system to use fuzzy logic to control the speed of trains.
  19. [s]
    Main line converted to ATO in 2010, but Hōnanchō branch continues to use ATC/TASC
  20. [t]
    ATO trialled during the 1960s. Trains now operated in manual mode.
  21. [u]
    In November 2021, JR East demonstrated autonomously operated bullet train E7 in Niigata prefecture; 5 km between Niigata Station and Niigata Shinkansen Stock Yard. They started testing on 29 October.[19]
  22. [v]
    Older trains still drive in manual mode
  23. [w]
    Driver on standby and will drive the train when ATO malfunctions or is not available.
  24. [x]
    Utilizes the SelTrac system with driver on board in case of emergencies.
  25. [y]
    Uses a modified version of Toronto subway's H6 subway model made by Bombardier Transportation and configured for driverless operation.
  26. [z]
    Uses the same system as Munich with fully driverless turning at some terminuses.
  27. [aa]
    Line B is partly automated.
  28. [ab]
    Czech railways have used GoA2 operation since 1991. Currently, about 400 vehicles are equipped with on-board units.[timeframe?] 1500 km of lines (of total 9000 km network) are equipped with lineside part of ATO, next 1500 km are covered by data for GPS localisation.
  29. [ac]
    Driver operates the doors and handles emergency situations, accelerating and braking is fully automated, but just between the 22 underground stations. Outside the underground stations the driver operates the train manual.
  30. [ad]
    Driver operates the doors and handles emergency situations, accelerating and braking is fully automated; a fully driverless turning at terminus stations is planned.
  31. [ae]
    German ICE high-speed lines equipped with the Linienzugbeeinflussung (LZB) signalling system support a form of GoA2 ATO operation called AFB (Automatische Fahr- und Bremssteuerung, lit. automatic driving and braking control) which enables the driver to let the on-board train computer drive the train on autopilot, automatically driving at the maximum speed currently allowed by LZB signalling. In this mode, the driver only monitors the train and watches for unexpected obstacles on the tracks. On lines equipped with only PZB/Indusi, AFB acts entirely as a speed cruise control, driving according to the speed set by the driver with manual braking if needed.[21]
  32. [af]
    Between Empalme and Torrent stations
  33. [ag]
    Between Les Carolines-Fira and Torrent stations
  34. [ah]
    A member of staff opens & closes the train doors monitors the train and fixes faults on board. Drivers drive the trains on Sundays and Bank holidays. All shunt moves are made by the drivers and whenever the train stops for fail safe reasons such as excess wheel spin or sliding the driver takes over; at other times trains are computer driven.
  35. [ai]
    A member of staff opens & closes the train doors, drives the train on Sundays, fixes faults.[26]
  36. [aj]
    A driver operates the doors and presses buttons to start the train, the train is driven manually on Sundays, and can be driven in manual outside of peak hours.
  37. [ak]
    Between St Pancras and Blackfriars stations
  38. [al]
    Between Paddington and Whitechapel stations
  39. [am]
    Expected to have ATC/ATO implemented on the Yonge–University–Spadina Line by 2019 and the Bloor–Danforth Line, funding permitting, by 2030.[27][28]
  40. [an]
    Between Mount Dennis and Laird stations
  41. [ao]
    Phased migration as part of 4 Lines Modernisation (4LM).
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