懲

See also: 惩

懲 U+61F2, 懲 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-61F2 ← 懱 [U+61F1] CJK Unified Ideographs 懳 → [U+61F3]

懲 U+FA40, 懲 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA40 ← 憎 [U+FA3F] CJK Compatibility Ideographs 敏 → [U+FA41]

懲 U+FA8B, 懲 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA8B ← 慠 [U+FA8A] CJK Compatibility Ideographs 戴 → [U+FA8C]

懲 U+2F8B0, 懲 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F8B0 ← 懞 [U+2F8AF] CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 懶 → [U+2F8B1]

Translingual

Han character

懲 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+15 in Chinese, 心+14 in Japanese, 19 strokes in Chinese, 18 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 竹大心 (HKP) or 難竹大心 (XHKP), four-corner 2833₄, composition ⿱徵心)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 407, character 44
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11399
• Dae Jaweon: page 748, character 29
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2366, character 6
• Unihan data for U+61F2

• Unihan data for U+FA40

• Unihan data for U+FA8B

• Unihan data for U+2F8B0

Chinese

trad.		懲
simp.		惩

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (徵) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
徵	*tɯʔ, *tɯŋ
癥	*tɯŋ
澂	*dɯŋ
懲	*dɯŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *dɯŋ): phonetic 徵 (OC *tɯʔ, *tɯŋ) + semantic 心.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chéng, chěng

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄥˊ, ㄔㄥˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cing⁴
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): têng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): têng²

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶zen

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chéng
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chéng
    • Wade–Giles: chʻêng²
    • Yale: chéng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cherng
    • Palladius: чэн (čɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, variant)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chěng
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄥˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chěng
    • Wade–Giles: chʻêng³
    • Yale: chěng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cheeng
    • Palladius: чэн (čɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: cing⁴
    • Yale: chìhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsing⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: qing⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɪŋ²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: têng
    • Tâi-lô: tîng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: deeng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tiɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɪŋ¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tiɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɪŋ²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: têng²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: théng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰeŋ⁵²/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶zen
    • MiniDict: zen^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³zen
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zən²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: dring

Rime
Character	懲
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	澄 (11)
Final (韻)	蒸 (133)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	直陵切
Baxter	dring
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖɨŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖɨŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡieŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖiŋ/
Li Rong	/ȡiəŋ/
Wang Li	/ȡĭəŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȡʱi̯əŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chéng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cing4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*m-trəŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*dɯŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	懲
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chéng
Middle Chinese	‹ dring ›
Old Chinese	/*m-trəŋ/
English	reprove; punish
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	懲
Reading #	1/1
No.	17162
Phonetic component	徵
Rime group	蒸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	澂
Old Chinese	/*dɯŋ/

Definitions

懲

1. (literary, or in compounds) to warn; to give a warning
2. (literary, or in compounds) to punish; to reprimand

Synonyms

• (to warn):

edit

• 勸告 / 劝告 (quàngào)
• 勸導 / 劝导 (quàndǎo)
• 勸解 / 劝解 (quànjiě)
• 勸誡 / 劝诫 (quànjiè)
• 告誡 / 告诫 (gàojiè)
• 奉勸 / 奉劝 (fèngquàn) (honorific)
• 忠告
• 戒飭 / 戒饬 (jièchì)
• 提醒 (tíxǐng)
• 正告 (zhènggào)
• 相勸 / 相劝 (xiāngquàn) (literary)
• 規 / 规 (literary, or in compounds)
• 規勸 / 规劝 (guīquàn)
• 誘 / 诱 (yòu) (literary, or in compounds)
• 諧喙 / 谐喙 (Quanzhou Hokkien)
• 諫訓 / 谏训 (jiànxùn) (literary)
• 警告 (jǐnggào)
• 警示 (jǐngshì)
• 警誡 / 警诫 (jǐngjiè) (literary)

• (to punish):

edit

• 修理 (xiūlǐ) (slang)
• 制裁 (zhìcái) (literary)
• 懲治 / 惩治 (chéngzhì)
• 懲罰 / 惩罚 (chéngfá)
• 懲艾 / 惩艾 (chéngyì) (literary)
• 懲處 / 惩处 (chéngchǔ)
• 懲辦 / 惩办 (chéngbàn)
• 拾掇 (shíduo) (colloquial)
• 收拾 (colloquial)
• 整治 (zhěngzhì)
• 治
• 治罪 (zhìzuì)
• 發落 / 发落 (fāluò)
• 科罰 / 科罚 (kēfá)
• 處分 / 处分 (chǔfèn)
• 處治 / 处治 (chǔzhì)
• 處理 / 处理
• 處置 / 处置 (chǔzhì)
• 處罰 / 处罚 (chǔfá)
• 討治 / 讨治 (tǎozhì) (literary)
• 責罰 / 责罚 (zéfá)
• 辦罪 / 办罪 (bànzuì) (dated)
• 醫 / 医 (yi¹) (Sichuanese)
• 醫治 / 医治 (yi¹ zi⁴) (Sichuanese)

Compounds

• 勸善懲惡 / 劝善惩恶 (quànshànchéng'è)
• 嚴懲 / 严惩 (yánchéng)
• 嚴懲不貸 / 严惩不贷 (yánchéngbùdài)
• 小懲大誡 / 小惩大诫
• 懲一儆眾 / 惩一儆众
• 懲一戒百 / 惩一戒百 (chéngyījièbǎi)
• 懲一警百 / 惩一警百 (chéngyījǐngbǎi)
• 懲前毖後 / 惩前毖后 (chéngqiánbìhòu)
• 懲勸 / 惩劝
• 懲忿窒欲 / 惩忿窒欲
• 懲惡勸善 / 惩恶劝善 (chéng'èquànshàn)
• 懲惡獎善 / 惩恶奖善
• 懲戒 / 惩戒 (chéngjiè)
• 懲戒處分 / 惩戒处分
• 懲毖 / 惩毖
• 懲治 / 惩治 (chéngzhì)
• 懲罰 / 惩罚 (chéngfá)
• 懲羹吹齏 / 惩羹吹齑 (chénggēngchuījī)
• 懲處 / 惩处 (chéngchǔ)
• 懲辦 / 惩办 (chéngbàn)
• 扶善懲惡 / 扶善惩恶
• 撤懲 / 撤惩
• 旌善懲惡 / 旌善惩恶
• 獎懲 / 奖惩 (jiǎngchéng)
• 略施薄懲 / 略施薄惩
• 膺懲 / 膺惩 (yīngchéng)
• 薄懲 / 薄惩
• 重懲 / 重惩