敞

敞 U+655E, 敞 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-655E ← 敝 [U+655D] CJK Unified Ideographs 敟 → [U+655F]

Translingual

Han character

敞 (Kangxi radical 66, 攴+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 火月人大 (FBOK) or 難火月人大 (XFBOK), four-corner 9824₀, composition ⿰尚攵(GHTV) or ⿰尙攵(JK))

Derived characters

• 僘, 幤, 㢢, 氅, 厰, 廠

Additional Derived Characters

• 𭜂, 𢠵, 𱨬, 𤢄, 𭧨, 𣚿, 𤏮, 𦒚, 𩞥, 𭏭, 𢢌, 𧝟, 𦦢, 𠔷, 𣀴, 𩻪, 𪅶, 𫠝, 𪛆, 𮑇, 𤺲

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 472, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13246
• Dae Jaweon: page 825, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1467, character 3
• Unihan data for U+655E

Chinese

simp. and trad.		敞
alternative forms		僘

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 敞
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (尚) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
當	*taːŋ, *taːŋs
襠	*taːŋ
鐺	*taːŋ, *sʰraːŋ
簹	*taːŋ
璫	*taːŋ
檔	*taːŋ, *taːŋs
儅	*taːŋ, *taːŋs
蟷	*taːŋ
擋	*taːŋʔ, *taːŋs
黨	*taːŋʔ, *tʰaːŋʔ
讜	*taːŋʔ
欓	*taːŋʔ
譡	*taːŋs
闣	*taːŋs
瓽	*taːŋs
鏜	*tʰaːŋ
闛	*tʰaːŋ, *daːŋ
鼞	*tʰaːŋ
曭	*tʰaːŋʔ
儻	*tʰaːŋʔ, *tʰaːŋs
戃	*tʰaːŋʔ
矘	*tʰaːŋʔ
爣	*tʰaːŋʔ
攩	*hl'aːŋʔ, *ɦʷlaːŋʔ, *ɦʷlaːŋs
淌	*tʰaːŋʔ
倘	*tʰaːŋʔ
躺	*tʰaːŋʔ
趟	*tʰaːŋs, *rtaːŋ, *rtaːŋs
堂	*daːŋ
坣	*daːŋ
棠	*daːŋ
糛	*daːŋ
螳	*daːŋ
隚	*daːŋ
橖	*daːŋ
掌	*tjaŋʔ
廠	*tʰjaŋʔ, *tʰjaŋs
敞	*tʰjaŋʔ
僘	*tʰjaŋʔ
氅	*tʰjaŋʔ
常	*djaŋ
嘗	*djaŋ
裳	*djaŋ
徜	*djaŋ
尚	*djaŋ, *djaŋs
甞	*djaŋ
鋿	*djaŋ
嫦	*djaŋ
償	*djaŋ, *djaŋs
賞	*hjaŋʔ
瞠	*rtʰaːŋ
撐	*rtʰaːŋ
樘	*rtʰaːŋ
橕	*rtʰaːŋ
牚	*rtʰaːŋs
埫	*tʰoŋʔ

Etymology

Compare Tibetan ཐང (thang, “plain; flatland”) (Coblin, 1986). From this, one can reconstruct Proto-Sino-Tibetan *taŋ (“open, spacious”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chǎng (chang³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄤˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cong²
• Hakka (Changting, Changting Pinyin): chông³
• Eastern Min (BUC): chiōng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chhióng / chhiáng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ciang²

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵tshan

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chǎng
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄤˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chǎng
    • Wade–Giles: chʻang³
    • Yale: chǎng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chaang
    • Palladius: чан (čan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: cong²
    • Yale: chóng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsong²
    • Guangdong Romanization: cong²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɔːŋ³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Changting)
    • Changting Pinyin: chông³
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃʰɔŋ⁴²/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: chiōng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰuoŋ³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhióng
    • Tâi-lô: tshióng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: chiorng
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰiɔŋ⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiáng
    • Tâi-lô: tshiáng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: chiarng
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiaŋ⁵³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ciang²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshiáng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiaŋ⁵²/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵tshan
    • MiniDict: tshan^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tshan
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰã³⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: tsyhangX

Rime
Character	敞
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	昌 (24)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	昌兩切
Baxter	tsyhangX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕʰɨɐŋX/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕʰiɐŋX/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕʰiɑŋX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cʰɨaŋX/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕʰiaŋX/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕʰĭaŋX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡ɕʰi̯aŋX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chǎng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	coeng2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*tʰaŋʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*tʰjaŋʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	敞
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chǎng
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyhangX ›
Old Chinese	/*tʰaŋʔ/
English	open, spacious
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	敞
Reading #	1/1
No.	11148
Phonetic component	尚
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	敞
Old Chinese	/*tʰjaŋʔ/

Definitions

敞

1. spacious; open; broad; roomy
2. to be open; to leave (something) wide open

Compounds

• 嘴敞
• 宏敞
• 寬敞 / 宽敞
• 幽敞
• 張敞畫眉 / 张敞画眉
• 敞亮 (chǎngliàng)
• 敞口兒 / 敞口儿
• 敞地 (chǎngdì)
• 敞廳 / 敞厅
• 敞快 (chǎngkuai)
• 敞怳 (chǎnghuǎng)
• 敞懷 / 敞怀
• 敞田
• 敞笑兒 / 敞笑儿
• 敞篷車 / 敞篷车 (chǎngpéngchē)
• 敞車 / 敞车 (chǎngchē)
• 敞開 / 敞开 (chǎngkāi)
• 敞開兒 / 敞开儿
• 明淨敞亮 / 明净敞亮
• 欒櫨宏敞 / 栾栌宏敞
• 畫眉張敞 / 画眉张敞
• 軒敞 / 轩敞 (xuānchǎng)
• 開敞地 / 开敞地
• 顯敞 / 显敞 (xiǎnchǎng)
• 高冠敞袖
• 高敞

References

• “敞”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 周存 [Zhōu, Cún], editor (2023), “敞”, in 长汀话词典 CHANGTINGHUA CIDIAN [Dictionary of Changting Dialect] (overall work in Hakka and Mandarin), Guangzhou: 世界图书出版有限公司 [World Book Publishing Co., Ltd.], →ISBN, page 84.

Japanese

Kanji

敞

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

• Go-on: しょう (shō)
• Kan-on: しょう (shō)
• Kun: たかい (takai)、ほがらか (hogaraka)
• Nanori: あきら (akira)、たかし (takashi)、ひさ (hisa)、ひろし (hiroshi)

Korean

Hanja

敞 (eum 창 (chang))

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Vietnamese

Han character

敞: Hán Nôm readings: sưởng

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References

• Nom Foundation