牚

牚 U+725A, 牚 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-725A ← 牙 [U+7259] CJK Unified Ideographs 牛 → [U+725B]

Translingual

Han character

牚 (Kangxi radical 92, 牙+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 火月口一竹 (FBRMH), four-corner 9024₀, composition ⿱𫩠牙)

Derived characters

• 撐, 橕

Additional Derived Characters

• 𥊼, 𦉘, 𨅝, 𨭃, 𬭷, 𬲜, 𭣝, 𢿦, 𢿽, 𣪼

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 695, character 10
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19919
• Dae Jaweon: page 1108, character 12
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1420, character 9
• Unihan data for U+725A

Chinese

trad.		牚
simp. #		牚

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (尚) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
當	*taːŋ, *taːŋs
襠	*taːŋ
鐺	*taːŋ, *sʰraːŋ
簹	*taːŋ
璫	*taːŋ
檔	*taːŋ, *taːŋs
儅	*taːŋ, *taːŋs
蟷	*taːŋ
擋	*taːŋʔ, *taːŋs
黨	*taːŋʔ, *tʰaːŋʔ
讜	*taːŋʔ
欓	*taːŋʔ
譡	*taːŋs
闣	*taːŋs
瓽	*taːŋs
鏜	*tʰaːŋ
闛	*tʰaːŋ, *daːŋ
鼞	*tʰaːŋ
曭	*tʰaːŋʔ
儻	*tʰaːŋʔ, *tʰaːŋs
戃	*tʰaːŋʔ
矘	*tʰaːŋʔ
爣	*tʰaːŋʔ
攩	*hl'aːŋʔ, *ɦʷlaːŋʔ, *ɦʷlaːŋs
淌	*tʰaːŋʔ
倘	*tʰaːŋʔ
躺	*tʰaːŋʔ
趟	*tʰaːŋs, *rtaːŋ, *rtaːŋs
堂	*daːŋ
坣	*daːŋ
棠	*daːŋ
糛	*daːŋ
螳	*daːŋ
隚	*daːŋ
橖	*daːŋ
掌	*tjaŋʔ
廠	*tʰjaŋʔ, *tʰjaŋs
敞	*tʰjaŋʔ
僘	*tʰjaŋʔ
氅	*tʰjaŋʔ
常	*djaŋ
嘗	*djaŋ
裳	*djaŋ
徜	*djaŋ
尚	*djaŋ, *djaŋs
甞	*djaŋ
鋿	*djaŋ
嫦	*djaŋ
償	*djaŋ, *djaŋs
賞	*hjaŋʔ
瞠	*rtʰaːŋ
撐	*rtʰaːŋ
樘	*rtʰaːŋ
橕	*rtʰaːŋ
牚	*rtʰaːŋs
埫	*tʰoŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *rtʰaːŋs): phonetic 尚 (OC *djaŋ, *djaŋs) + semantic 牙

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chèng, chēng (cheng⁴, cheng¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄥˋ, ㄔㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): caang³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chèng
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄥˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chèng
    • Wade–Giles: chʻêng⁴
    • Yale: chèng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chenq
    • Palladius: чэн (čɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (牚兒 / 牚儿)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chèngr
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄥˋㄦ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chèngr
    • Wade–Giles: chʻêng⁴-ʼrh
    • Yale: chèngr
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chenql
    • Palladius: чэнр (čɛnr)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɤ̃ɻ⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chēng
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cheng
    • Wade–Giles: chʻêng¹
    • Yale: chēng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cheng
    • Palladius: чэн (čɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ⁵⁵/

Note: chèngr - “horizontal bar connecting the legs of a chair or a desk”.

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: caang³
    • Yale: chaang
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsaang³
    • Guangdong Romanization: cang³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaːŋ³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: trhaengH

Rime
Character	牚
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	徹 (10)
Final (韻)	庚 (109)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	他孟切
Baxter	trhaengH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈʰˠæŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈʰᵚaŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶʰaŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈʰaɨjŋH/
Li Rong	/ȶʰɐŋH/
Wang Li	/ȶʰɐŋH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȶʰɐŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chèng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cang3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*rtʰaːŋs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	牚
Reading #	1/1
No.	11170
Phonetic component	尚
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	牚
Old Chinese	/*rtʰaːŋs/
Notes	見漢賦

Definitions

牚

1. tilting pillar
2. horizontal bar connecting the legs of a chair or a desk

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chēng (cheng¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): caang¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chēng
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cheng
    • Wade–Giles: chʻêng¹
    • Yale: chēng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cheng
    • Palladius: чэн (čɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: caang¹
    • Yale: chāang
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsaang¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: cang¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaːŋ⁵⁵/

Definitions

牚

1. (literary) alternative form of 撐 / 撑 (chēng, “to support; to sustain”)

Compounds

• 牚拒 (chēngjù)
• 牚距 (chēngjù)

Etymology 3

trad.		牚
simp. #		牚
alternative forms		撐／撑

Pronunciation

• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): thìⁿ / thèⁿ

---

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thìⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: thìnn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: tvix
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰĩ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tʰĩ¹¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tʰĩ²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thèⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: thènn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: tvex
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰɛ̃²¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰẽ²¹/

Definitions

牚

1. (Hokkien) to prop up; to support; to shore up
2. (Taiwanese Hokkien) support; prop

Compounds

• 牚在
• 牚場面 / 牚场面
• 牚懸 / 牚悬
• 牚腮
• 牚腿
• 牚門面 / 牚门面
• 牚頭 / 牚头
• 牚頷 / 牚颔
• 虎牚塔
• 虎牚獅 / 虎牚狮
• 虎牚頷 / 虎牚颔

Japanese

Kanji

牚

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. prop up, support, brace

Readings

• On (unclassified): とう (tō)、ちょう (chō)
• Kun: はしら (hashira)

Korean

Hanja

牚 (eum 탱 (taeng))

1. prop up
2. support
3. brace

Vietnamese

Han character

牚: Hán Nôm readings: sanh

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.