斟酌

Chinese

		pour; to deliberate	to pour the alcoholic drink; to consider
trad. (斟酌)		斟	酌
simp. #(斟酌)		斟	酌

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhēnzhuó

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄣ ㄓㄨㄛˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zam¹ zoek³

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chṳ̂m-chok

  (Hailu, HRS): zhim^ˋ zhog

• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zing¹ zyorh⁶ / zing¹ zyoeh⁶
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chim-chiok / chim-chiak

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhēnzhuó
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄣ ㄓㄨㄛˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhenjhuó
    • Wade–Giles: chên¹-cho²
    • Yale: jēn-jwó
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenjwo
    • Palladius: чжэньчжо (čžɛnʹčžo)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zam¹ zoek³
    • Yale: jām jeuk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzam¹ dzoek⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: zem¹ zêg³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐm⁵⁵ t͡sœːk̚³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ̂m-chok
    • Hakka Romanization System: ziim^ˊ zog^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zim¹ zog⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨm²⁴ t͡sok̚²/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: zhim^ˋ zhog
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃim⁵³ t͡ʃok⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zing¹ zyorh⁶ [Phonetic: zing² zyorh⁶]
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cing-cio̤h
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ t͡syɒʔ²¹/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zing¹ zyoeh⁶ [Phonetic: zing² nyoeh⁶]
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²⁴ ^(t͡s-)nyøʔ²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chim-chiok
    • Tâi-lô: tsim-tsiok
    • Phofsit Daibuun: cimciog
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sim⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sim⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sim³³ t͡siɔk̚⁵/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chim-chiak
    • Tâi-lô: tsim-tsiak
    • Phofsit Daibuun: cimciag
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sim⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siak̚³²/

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• Middle Chinese: tsyim tsyak

Rime
Character	斟	酌
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	侵 (139)	藥 (107)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	職深切	之若切
Baxter	tsyim	tsyak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiɪm/	/t͡ɕɨɐk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕim/	/t͡ɕiɐk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjem/	/t͡ɕiɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cim/	/cɨak̚/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiəm/	/t͡ɕiak̚/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭĕm/	/t͡ɕĭak̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯əm/	/t͡ɕi̯ak̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhēn	zhuo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zam1	zoek3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*t.[q][ə]m  tewk/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kljum  pljewɢ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	斟	酌
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhēn	zhuó
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyim ›	‹ tsyak ›
Old Chinese	/*t.[q][ə]m/	/*tewk/
English	deliberate (v.)	pour; deliberate (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	斟	酌
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	11291	11189
Phonetic component	甚	勺
Rime group	侵	藥
Rime subdivision	3	2
Corresponding MC rime	斟	灼
Old Chinese	/*kljum/	/*pljewɢ/
Notes		勺分化字

Verb

斟酌

1. (literary) to pour an insufficient or excessive amount of alcoholic beverage into a cup or glass
2. (literary) to pour the alcoholic beverage into a cup or glass, etc.
3. (literary) to drink alcohol
4. (figurative) to consider; to deliberate; to think about carefully

   值得斟酌  ―  zhídé zhēnzhuó  ―  to be worth thinking about

   請您自行斟酌。／请您自行斟酌。  ―  Qǐng nín zìxíng zhēnzhuó.  ―  Please think about this carefully by yourself.

5. (figurative, Hokkien) to discuss; to talk over
6. (figurative, Xiamen, Quanzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to be careful; to take care

Synonyms

• (to consider):

edit

• 冥思 (míngsī)
• 冥想 (míngxiǎng)
• 品味 (pǐnwèi)
• 尋味 / 寻味 (xúnwèi)
• 尋思 / 寻思
• 忖度 (cǔnduó)
• 念 (niàn)
• 思 (literary, or in compounds)
• 思忖 (sīcǔn)
• 思想 (sīxiǎng)
• 思慮 / 思虑 (sīlǜ)
• 思索 (sīsuǒ)
• 思維 / 思维 (sīwéi)
• 思考 (sīkǎo)
• 思裁 (si¹ cai²) (Sichuanese)
• 思量 (sīliáng)
• 慎思 (shènsī)
• 掂掇 (diānduo) (colloquial)
• 推敲 (tuīqiāo)
• 掂量 (diānliáng)
• 揣摩 (chuǎimó)
• 沉思 (chénsī)
• 深思 (shēnsī)
• 照顧 / 照顾 (zhàogù)
• 玩味 (wánwèi)
• 玩弄 (Classical Chinese)
• 琢磨 (zuómo)
• 算度 (syun³ dok⁶) (Cantonese)
• 算計 / 算计 (suànjì)
• 考慮 / 考虑 (kǎolǜ)
• 苦思 (kǔsī)
• 著想 / 着想 (zhuóxiǎng)
• 計算 / 计算 (jìsuàn)
• 計較 / 计较
• 設想 / 设想 (shèxiǎng)
• 顧全 / 顾全 (gùquán)
• 顧及 / 顾及 (gùjí)

Derived terms

• 斟酌損益 / 斟酌损益

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (斟酌):

• → Japanese: 斟(しん)酌(しゃく) (shinshaku)
• → Korean: 짐작(斟酌) (jimjak)
• → Vietnamese: châm chước (斟酌)

References

• “斟酌”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.

Japanese

Kanji in this term
斟	酌
しん Hyōgai	しゃく Grade: S
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) しんしゃく [shíꜜǹshàkù] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ɕĩɰ̃ɕa̠kɯ̟]

Noun

斟(しん)酌(しゃく) • (shinshaku) ^{←しんしやく (sinsyaku)?}

1. consideration (for others), (making) allowance, adaptation

Verb

斟(しん)酌(しゃく)する • (shinshaku suru) ^{←しんしやく (sinsyaku)?}suru (stem 斟(しん)酌(しゃく)し (shinshaku shi), past 斟(しん)酌(しゃく)した (shinshaku shita))

1. to consider, to take into account

Korean

Hanja in this term
斟	酌

Noun

斟酌 • (jimjak) (hangeul 짐작)

1. hanja form^? of 짐작 (“guess; assumption; conjecture”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
斟	酌

Verb

斟酌

1. chữ Hán form of châm chước (“to accommodate, to reconcile”)