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突
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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Translingual
Alternative forms
Note that in Japanese shinjitai, the bottom component is 大 and not 犬.
Han character
突 (Kangxi radical 116, 穴+4 in Chinese, 穴+3 in Japanese, 9 strokes in Chinese, 8 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 十金戈大 (JCIK), four-corner 30430, composition ⿱穴犬(GHTKV) or ⿱穴大(J))
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 863, character 21
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25424
- Dae Jaweon: page 1291, character 8
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2722, character 4
- Unihan data for U+7A81
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Chinese
Glyph origin
Shuowen: Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 穴 (“cave; den”) + 犬 (“dog”) – a dog suddenly coming out of a den.
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/m-du (“to dig, hoe”); cognate with Burmese တူး (tu:, “to dig”) (STEDT).
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): tiit6
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): tueh4
- Northern Min (KCR): tŭ
- Eastern Min (BUC): dŏk
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 8deq
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): tou6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: tū
- Zhuyin: ㄊㄨ
- Tongyong Pinyin: tu
- Wade–Giles: tʻu1
- Yale: tū
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tu
- Palladius: ту (tu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰu⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: tú
- Zhuyin: ㄊㄨˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: tú
- Wade–Giles: tʻu2
- Yale: tú
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: twu
- Palladius: ту (tu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰu³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: tu2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: tu
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰu²¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: dat6
- Yale: daht
- Cantonese Pinyin: dat9
- Guangdong Romanization: ded6
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɐt̚²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: ut5
- Sinological IPA (key): /ut̚³²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: tiit6
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰɨt̚⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thut / thu̍t / tut
- Hakka Romanization System: tudˋ / tud / dudˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: tud5 / tud6 / dud5
- Sinological IPA: /tʰut̚²/, /tʰut̚⁵/, /tut̚²/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: tueh4
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /tʰuəʔ²/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: tŭ
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰu²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: dŏk
- Sinological IPA (key): /touʔ⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: tou6
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰəu̯²⁴/
- (Changsha)
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: dwot, thwot
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*m-tʰˤut/, /*tʰˤut/
- (Zhengzhang): /*tʰuːd/, /*duːd/
Definitions
突
- to dash forward; to break through; to charge
- suddenly; abruptly; unexpectedly
- 突然 ― tūrán ― suddenly
- to stick out; to protrude
- 突出 ― tūchū ― to protrude; to stick out
- (historical) flue; chimney
- 曲突徙薪 ― qūtūxǐxīn ― to bend the chimney and move the firewood away from it
- (onomatopoeia) pit-a-pat (tapping sounds)
- (onomatopoeia) chugging (of machine noise)
- tumor-like growth (in organisms)
- short for 突尼斯 (Tūnísī, “Tunisia”)
- 赴突 ― fù Tū ― (formal) to go to Tunisia
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to go against; to offend; to affront
- (Cantonese) to be in excess; to have extra
- (Cantonese) with excess
- (obsolete) to penetrate; to pierce
- 鄭子展、子產帥車七百乘伐陳，宵突陳城，遂入之。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
- From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4th century BCE
- Zhèng Zǐzhǎn, Zǐchǎn shuài chē qībǎi shèng fá Chén, xiāo tū Chén chéng, suì rù zhī. [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
郑子展、子产帅车七百乘伐陈，宵突陈城，遂入之。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]
Compounds
- 價值衝突 / 价值冲突
- 冒煙突火 / 冒烟突火 (mào yān tūhuǒ)
- 冒突
- 冒鋒突圍 / 冒锋突围
- 努牙突嘴
- 努睛突眼
- 唐突 (tángtū)
- 唐突西施
- 囊囊突突
- 基因突變 / 基因突变 (jīyīn tūbiàn)
- 大突破
- 奔突 (bēntū)
- 左衝右突 / 左冲右突 (zuǒchōngyòutū)
- 怛突
- 怒突
- 惑突
- 把突兒 / 把突儿
- 拔突
- 排突
- 搪突
- 曲突徙薪 (qūtūxǐxīn)
- 枉突徙薪
- 東衝西突 / 东冲西突
- 滑稽突梯
- 灶突
- 煙突 / 烟突 (yāntū)
- 狄良突盧 / 狄良突卢
- 狼奔豕突
- 猾猾突突
- 異軍突起 / 异军突起 (yìjūntūqǐ)
- 碭突 / 砀突
- 突兀 (tūwù)
- 突出 (tūchū)
- 突厥 (Tūjué)
- 突厥文
- 突厥語族 / 突厥语族 (Tūjué yǔzú)
- 突圍 / 突围 (tūwéi)
- 突地
- 突如其來 / 突如其来 (tūrúqílái)
- 突尼斯 (Tūnísī)
- 突尼西亞 / 突尼西亚
- 突怒
- 突擊 / 突击 (tūjī)
- 突擊檢查 / 突击检查
- 突梯
- 突梯滑稽
- 突火 (tūhuǒ)
- 突然 (tūrán)
- 突然襲擊 / 突然袭击 (tūránxíjī)
- 突發 / 突发 (tūfā)
- 突發奇想 / 突发奇想 (tūfāqíxiǎng)
- 突眼
- 突破 (tūpò)
- 突破口 (tūpòkǒu)
- 突破瓶頸 / 突破瓶颈
- 突磨
- 突禿 / 突秃
- 突突 (tūtū)
- 突突噥噥 / 突突哝哝
- 突突囔囔
- 突突摸摸
- 突突的
- 突襲 / 突袭 (tūxí)
- 突變 / 突变 (tūbiàn)
- 突起 (tūqǐ)
- 突進 / 突进 (tūjìn)
- 突顯 / 突显 (tūxiǎn)
- 突飛猛進 / 突飞猛进 (tūfēiměngjìn)
- 突騎 / 突骑
- 突高
- 立突
- 米突 (mǐtū)
- 米釐米突
- 糊突
- 糊突神
- 糊突突
- 胡突
- 衝突 / 冲突 (chōngtū)
- 角色衝突 / 角色冲突
- 觸突 / 触突
- 豕突
- 豕突狼奔
- 豨突
- 趵突泉
- 趵突泉詩 / 趵突泉诗
- 軸突 / 轴突 (zhóutū)
- 隳突 (huītū)
- 隳突叫號 / 隳突叫号
- 雄飛突進 / 雄飞突进
- 霸突
- 風雲突變 / 风云突变
- 馳突 / 驰突 (chítū)
- 鶻突 / 鹘突
- 墨突
- 黔突暖席
Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: tū
- Zhuyin: ㄊㄨ
- Tongyong Pinyin: tu
- Wade–Giles: tʻu1
- Yale: tū
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tu
- Palladius: ту (tu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰu⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: duk1
- Yale: dūk
- Cantonese Pinyin: duk7
- Guangdong Romanization: dug1
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʊk̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Dialectal data
Definitions
突
References
- “突”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
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