誇

See also: 夸

誇 U+8A87, 誇 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8A87 ← 誆 [U+8A86] CJK Unified Ideographs 誈 → [U+8A88]

Translingual

Han character

誇 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+6, 13 strokes, cangjie input 卜口大一尸 (YRKMS), four-corner 0462₇, composition ⿰訁夸)

1. exaggerate
2. brag, boast
3. flaunt

Derived characters

• 𡀵, 𫏥

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1161, character 2
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35474
• Dae Jaweon: page 1625, character 28
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3962, character 14
• Unihan data for U+8A87

Chinese

trad.		誇/夸*
simp.		夸*

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (于) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
侉	*qaːls
夸	*kʰʷraː
姱	*kʰʷraː
胯	*kʰʷraː, *kʰʷraːs, *kʰʷaːs
跨	*kʰʷraː, *kʰʷraːʔ, *kʰʷraːs, *kʰʷaːs
誇	*kʰʷraː
垮	*kʰʷraːʔ
銙	*kʰʷraːʔ
骻	*kʰʷraːʔ
咵	*kʰʷraːʔ
釫	*ɢʷraː, *qʷaː
摦	*ɡʷraːs
鮬	*pɢʷaː, *kʰʷaː
嶀	*qʰʷl'aː
扝	*kʰʷaː, *qʷaː
刳	*kʰʷaː
郀	*kʰʷaː
挎	*kʰʷaː
袴	*kʰʷaːs
絝	*kʰʷaːs
褲	*kʰʷaːs
恗	*qʰaː
洿	*ɡʷaːʔ, *qʷaː
瓠	*ɡʷlaː, *ɡʷlaːs
鄠	*ɢʷlaːʔ
污	*qʷaː, *qʷaːs
杇	*qʷaː
圬	*qʷaː
鴮	*qʷaː
盓	*qʷaː
汙	*qʷaːs, *ɢʷa
樗	*qʰʷl'a
摴	*qʰʷl'a
荂	*pqʰʷa, *qʰʷa
雩	*qʰʷla, *ɢʷla
吁	*qʰʷa, *ɢʷas
盱	*qʰʷa
訏	*qʰʷa
扜	*qʰʷa, *qʷa
旴	*qʰʷa
冔	*qʰʷaʔ
紆	*qʷa
陓	*qʷa
迂	*qʷa, *qʷaʔ, *ɢʷa
虶	*qʷa
于	*ɢʷa
盂	*ɢʷa
竽	*ɢʷa
邘	*ɢʷa
玗	*ɢʷa
芋	*ɢʷa, *ɢʷas
杅	*ɢʷa
釪	*ɢʷa
骬	*ɢʷa
謣	*ɢʷla
宇	*ɢʷaʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kʰʷraː): semantic 言 (“words, language”) + phonetic 夸 (OC *kʰʷraː)

Etymology

Compare Burmese ကြွား (krwa:, “to boast”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kuā (kua¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄚ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): kwaa¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khôa
• Northern Min (KCR): kuá
• Eastern Min (BUC): kuă
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): khoa

  (Teochew, Peng'im): kua¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kuā
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄚ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kua
    • Wade–Giles: kʻua¹
    • Yale: kwā
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kua
    • Palladius: куа (kua)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰu̯ä⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: kwaa¹
    • Yale: kwā
    • Cantonese Pinyin: kwaa¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: kua¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷʰaː⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khôa
    • Hakka Romanization System: kua^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: kua¹
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰu̯a²⁴/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: kuá
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰua⁵⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: kuă
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰua⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khoa
    • Tâi-lô: khua
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qoaf
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kʰua⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰua³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰua⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kʰua⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰua⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: kua¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khua
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰua³³/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 誇
Mandarin	Beijing	/kʰua⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/kʰua⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/kʰuɑ²¹/
	Jinan	/kʰua²¹³/
	Qingdao	/kʰua²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/kʰua²⁴/
	Xi'an	/kʰua²¹/
	Xining	/kʰua⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/kʰua⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/kʰua³¹/
	Ürümqi	/kʰua⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/kʰua³⁵/
	Chengdu	/kʰua⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/kʰua⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/kʰua̠⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/kʰuɑ³¹/
	Hefei	/kʰua²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/kʰua¹¹/
	Pingyao	/kʰuɑ¹³/
	Hohhot	/kʰua³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/kʰo⁵³/ /kʰua⁵³/
	Suzhou	/kʰo⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/kʰuɑ³³/
	Wenzhou	/kʰo³³/
Hui	Shexian	/kʰua³¹/
	Tunxi	/kʰuːə¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/kʰua³³/
	Xiangtan	/kʰuɒ³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/kuɑ⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/kʰua⁴⁴/
	Taoyuan	/kʰuɑ²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/kʰwa⁵³/
	Nanning	/kʰʷa⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/kʰwa⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/kʰua⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/kʰua⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/kʰua⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/kʰua³³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/xua²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: khwae

Rime
Character	誇
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	麻 (99)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	苦瓜切
Baxter	khwae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰˠua/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰʷᵚa/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰua/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰwaɨ/
Li Rong	/kʰua/
Wang Li	/kʰwa/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kʰwa/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kuā
Expected Cantonese Reflex	faa1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[kʷʰ]ˤra/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰʷraː/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	誇
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	kuā
Middle Chinese	‹ khwae ›
Old Chinese	/*[kʷʰ]ˁra/
English	boast
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	誇
Reading #	1/1
No.	15652
Phonetic component	于
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	誇
Old Chinese	/*kʰʷraː/

Definitions

誇

1. to boast; to exaggerate
2. to praise; to commend

Synonyms

• (to boast):

edit

• 口大 (kǒudà) (obsolete)
• 吹 (chuī) (colloquial)
• 吹噓 / 吹嘘 (chuīxū)
• 吹水 (chuīshuǐ) (chiefly Cantonese)
• 吹牛 (chuīniú) (colloquial)
• 吹牛三 (Wu)
• 吹牛屄 (chuīniúbī)
• 吹牛皮 (chuī niúpí) (colloquial)
• 呾卵話 / 呾卵话 (dan³ lang⁶ uê⁷) (Teochew)
• 喝仙 (hoah-sian) (Hokkien)
• 嗙虎膦 (phâng-fú-lín) (Southern Sixian Hakka)
• 嗙雞胲 / 嗙鸡胲 (phâng-kiê-kôi) (Hakka)
• 好臉 / 好脸 (Hokkien, Teochew)
• 拉空 (la¹ kang¹) (Teochew)
• 拉誧 / 拉𰵩 (la¹ pu²) (Teochew)
• 放空 (pàng-khang) (Hokkien)
• 放臭屁 (pàng-chhàu-phùi) (Taiwanese Hokkien)
• 放風球 / 放风球 (pàng-hoang-kiû) (Quanzhou Hokkien)
• 放風龜 / 放风龟 (pàng-hong-ku) (Xiamen Hokkien)
• 歕雞胿 / 𬅫鸡胿 (pûn-ke-kui) (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
• 歕雞胲 / 𬅫鸡胲 (phùn-kiê-kôi) (Zhao'an Hakka)
• 白話 / 白话 (báihua) (regional)
• 相空 (siàng-khang) (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 矜人 (jīnrén) (literary)
• 稱功討勞 / 称功讨劳 (Hakka)
• 紅膏 / 红膏 (Puxian Min)
• 練扇空 / 练扇空 (liān-siàn-khang) (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 膨風 / 膨风 (phòng-hong) (Hokkien)
• 自矜 (zìjīn)
• 自誇 / 自夸 (zìkuā)
• 自詡 / 自诩 (zìxǔ)
• 表功 (biǎogōng) (to brag about one's contributions)
• 誇口 / 夸口 (kuākǒu)
• 誇喙 / 夸喙 (kuă-*chói) (Eastern Min)
• 誇耀 / 夸耀 (kuāyào)
• 說大話 / 说大话 (shuō dàhuà)
• 講嘐潲話 / 讲嘐潲话 (kóng hau-siâu-uē) (Hokkien)
• 講空 / 讲空 (kàng-khang) (Quanzhou Hokkien)
• 車大炮 / 车大炮 (Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew)
• 風龜 / 风龟 (hong-ku) (Hokkien)
• 鼓吹 (gǔchuī)

• (to praise):

edit

• 名目 (míngmù) (Classical Chinese)
• 吹噓 / 吹嘘 (chuīxū)
• 吹捧 (chuīpěng)
• 呵咾 (Hokkien)
• 咨嗟 (zījiē) (literary)
• 嘆 / 叹 (tàn) (literary, or in compounds)
• 嘉勉 (jiāmiǎn) (formal, to praise and encourage)
• 嘆美 / 叹美 (tànměi) (literary)
• 嘉許 / 嘉许 (jiāxǔ)
• 嘆賞 / 叹赏 (tànshǎng)
• 捧 (pěng)
• 揄揚 / 揄扬 (yúyáng) (literary)
• 禮讚 / 礼赞 (lǐzàn)
• 稱嘆 / 称叹 (chēngtàn)
• 稱揚 / 称扬 (chēngyáng)
• 稱美 / 称美 (chēngměi) (literary)
• 稱許 / 称许 (chēngxǔ)
• 稱謂 / 称谓 (chēngwèi) (literary)
• 稱譽 / 称誉 (chēngyù) (formal)
• 稱讚 / 称赞 (chēngzàn)
• 稱賞 / 称赏 (chēngshǎng) (formal)
• 稱道 / 称道 (chēngdào)
• 稱頌 / 称颂 (chēngsòng)
• 表彰 (biǎozhāng)
• 表揚 / 表扬 (biǎoyáng)
• 褒揚 / 褒扬 (bāoyáng)
• 誇獎 / 夸奖 (kuājiǎng)
• 讚嘆 / 赞叹 (zàntàn)
• 讚揚 / 赞扬 (zànyáng)
• 讚美 / 赞美 (zànměi)
• 讚許 / 赞许 (zànxǔ)
• 讚頌 / 赞颂 (zànsòng)
• 賞 / 赏 (shǎng) (literary, or in compounds)
• 頌讚 / 颂赞 (sòngzàn)
• 顯揚 / 显扬 (xiǎnyáng) (literary)

Dialectal synonyms of 誇獎 (“to praise; to compliment”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		誇獎, 稱讚, 稱許, 讚許, 嘉許, 讚揚, 誇讚
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	誇, 誇獎, 稱讚
	Singapore	稱讚, 誇獎
Cantonese	Guangzhou	讚, 誇獎
	Hong Kong	讚
	Singapore (Guangfu)	讚, 誇獎
Gan	Nanchang	誇, 誇獎, 稱讚
Hakka	Meixian	誇, 誇獎, 誇讚, 稱讚, 讚, 讚揚
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	阿腦, 誇獎, 稱讚
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	阿腦, 誇獎, 稱讚
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	阿腦, 誇獎, 稱讚
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	阿腦, 誇獎, 稱讚
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	阿腦, 誇獎, 稱讚
	Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping)	阿腦
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	阿腦, 誇獎
Southern Min	Xiamen	呵咾
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	呵咾
	Quanzhou	呵咾
	Zhangzhou	呵咾
	Zhao'an	呵咾
	Tainan	呵咾
	Penang (Hokkien)	呵咾
	Singapore (Hokkien)	呵咾
	Manila (Hokkien)	呵咾
	Chaozhou	呵咾
	Shantou	呵咾, 誇獎, 誇, 讚揚, 稱讚
	Singapore (Teochew)	呵咾
	Leizhou	呵咾

Compounds

• 你誇我逞 / 你夸我逞
• 好自矜誇 / 好自矜夸
• 浮誇 / 浮夸 (fúkuā)
• 矜誇 / 矜夸 (jīnkuā)
• 自誇 / 自夸 (zìkuā)
• 自賣自誇 / 自卖自夸
• 誇下海口 / 夸下海口
• 誇勝道強 / 夸胜道强
• 誇口 / 夸口 (kuākǒu)
• 誇多鬥靡 / 夸多斗靡
• 誇大 / 夸大 (kuādà)
• 誇大不實 / 夸大不实
• 誇大其辭 / 夸大其辞 (kuādàqící)
• 誇官 / 夸官
• 誇張 / 夸张 (kuāzhāng)
• 誇張其辭 / 夸张其辞
• 誇張法 / 夸张法
• 誇強說會 / 夸强说会
• 誇才賣智 / 夸才卖智
• 誇海口 / 夸海口
• 誇獎 / 夸奖 (kuājiǎng)
• 誇示 / 夸示 (kuāshì)
• 誇耀 / 夸耀 (kuāyào)
• 誇能鬥智 / 夸能斗智
• 誇詡 / 夸诩
• 誇誇其談 / 夸夸其谈 (kuākuāqítán)
• 誇說 / 夸说
• 誇誕 / 夸诞
• 誇讚 / 夸赞 (kuāzàn)
• 誇辯 / 夸辩
• 誇飾 / 夸饰 (kuāshì)
• 逞異誇能 / 逞异夸能

Descendants

• → Vietnamese: khoe

Japanese

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 誇

誇

(Jōyō kanji)

1. boast
2. be proud
3. pride
4. triumphantly

Readings

• Go-on: け (ke)^{←くゑ (kwe, historical)}
• Kan-on: か (ka)^{←くわ (kwa, historical)}
• Kan’yō-on: こ (ko, Jōyō)
• Kun: ほこる (hokoru, 誇る, Jōyō)、ほこり (hokori)

Korean

Hanja

誇 (eumhun 자랑할 과 (jaranghal gwa))

1. hanja form^? of 과 (“boast, brag”)