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欣
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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See also: 忻
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Translingual
Han character
欣 (Kangxi radical 76, 欠+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 竹中弓人 (HLNO), four-corner 77282, composition ⿰斤欠)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 566, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16008
- Dae Jaweon: page 954, character 16
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2135, character 12
- Unihan data for U+6B23
Chinese
Glyph origin
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qʰɯn): phonetic 斤 (OC *kɯn, *kɯns) + semantic 欠.
Etymology 1
Probably from the same word family as 喜 (OC *qʰlɯʔ) (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): xin1
- (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): xǐn
- (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): xìn
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jan1
- (Dongguan, Jyutping++): han1
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): hin1
- Gan (Wiktionary): xin1
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): xing1
- Northern Min (KCR): hēng
- Eastern Min (BUC): hṳ̆ng
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hyng1 / hoeng1 / hing1
- Southern Min
- Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): han1
- Wu (Wugniu)
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): xin1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: xīn
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄣ
- Tongyong Pinyin: sin
- Wade–Giles: hsin1
- Yale: syīn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shin
- Palladius: синь (sinʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕin⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: xin1
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xin
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕin⁵⁵/
- (Xi'an)
- Guanzhong Pinyin: xǐn
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕiẽ²¹/
- (Nanjing)
- Nanjing Pinyin: xìn
- Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): xin1
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕĩ³¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jan1
- Yale: yān
- Cantonese Pinyin: jan1
- Guangdong Romanization: yen1
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɐn⁵⁵/
- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
- Jyutping++: han1
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɐn²¹³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: hin1
- Sinological IPA (key): /hin³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: xin1
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕin⁴²/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hîm / hiûn
- Hakka Romanization System: himˊ / hiunˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: him1 / hiun1
- Sinological IPA: /him²⁴/, /hi̯un²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: himˋ / hiunˋ
- Sinological IPA: /him⁵³/, /hiun⁵³/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: xing1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕiŋ¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hēng
- Sinological IPA (key): /xeiŋ⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: hṳ̆ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /hyŋ⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: hyng1
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: hṳng
- Sinological IPA (key): /hyŋ⁵³³/
- (Xianyou, Youyang)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: hyng1
- Sinological IPA (key): /hyŋ⁵⁴⁴/
- (Jiangkou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: hoeng1
- Sinological IPA (key): /hœŋ⁵³³/
- (Nanri)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: hing1
- Sinological IPA (key): /hiŋ⁵³³/
- (Fengting)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: hing1
- Sinological IPA (key): /hiŋ⁵⁴⁴/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
Note:
- hin - literary;
- him/herm - vernacular.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: heng1 / hng1 / hêng1 / hing1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hṳng / hng / heng / hing
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɯŋ³³/, /hŋ³³/, /heŋ³³/, /hiŋ³³/
- (Teochew)
- heng1 - Chaozhou, Shantou;
- hng1 - Chaozhou;
- hêng1 - Jieyang;
- hing1 - Chaoyang.
- Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Jyutping++: han1
- Sinological IPA (key): /hən⁵³/
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading, Songjiang, Chongming, Chuansha, Suzhou, Kunshan, Changzhou, Jingjiang, Jiaxing, Tongxiang, Haining, Haiyan, Hangzhou, Xiaoshan, Shaoxing, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
- Wugniu: 1shin
- MiniDict: shin平
- Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 1xin
- Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕin⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Jiading): /ɕiŋ⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /çiŋ⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Chongming): /ɕin⁵⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Chuansha): /ɕin⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /ɕin⁴⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Kunshan): /ɕin⁵⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /ɕiŋ⁵⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Jingjiang): /ɕiŋ⁴⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /ɕin⁵³/
- Sinological IPA (Tongxiang): /ɕin⁴⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Haining): /ɕin⁵⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Haiyan): /ɕiən⁵¹/
- Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /ɕin³³⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Xiaoshan): /ɕiŋ⁴⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /ɕiŋ⁵²/
- Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /ɕiŋ⁵²/
- Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /ɕiŋ⁵³/
- (Jinhua)
- (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading, Songjiang, Chongming, Chuansha, Suzhou, Kunshan, Changzhou, Jingjiang, Jiaxing, Tongxiang, Haining, Haiyan, Hangzhou, Xiaoshan, Shaoxing, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: xin1
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕin³³/
- (Changsha)
Note:
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: xj+n
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*qʰər/
- (Zhengzhang): /*qʰɯn/
Definitions
欣
- happy; joyous; delighted
- 問征夫以前路，恨晨光之熹微。乃瞻衡宇，栽欣載奔。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: 《歸去來辭 / 归去来辞》, 陶淵明 / 陶渊明, translated by James Robert Hightower
- Wèn zhēngfū yǐqián lù, hèn chénguāng zhī xīwēi. Nǎi zhān héngyǔ, zāi xīn zǎi bēn. [Pinyin]
- I ask a passerby about the road ahead, grudging the dimness of the light at dawn. Then I catch sight of my cottage—filled with joy I run.
问征夫以前路，恨晨光之熹微。乃瞻衡宇，栽欣载奔。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to submit willingly; to submit happily
- used in 欣欣 (xīnxīn, “lush”)
- a surname
Compounds
- 欣企
- 欣喜 (xīnxǐ)
- 欣喜若狂 (xīnxǐruòkuáng)
- 欣喜雀躍 / 欣喜雀跃 (xīnxǐ quèyuè)
- 欣忭 (xīnbiàn)
- 欣悅 / 欣悦 (xīnyuè)
- 欣慰 (xīnwèi)
- 欣戚
- 欣戴
- 欣抃
- 欣欣 (xīnxīn)
- 欣欣向榮 / 欣欣向荣 (xīnxīnxiàngróng)
- 欣欣得意
- 欣欣自得
- 欣然 (xīnrán)
- 欣然命筆 / 欣然命笔
- 欣然自喜
- 欣然自得
- 欣然自樂 / 欣然自乐
- 欣生惡死 / 欣生恶死
- 欣羨 / 欣羡 (xīnxiàn)
- 欣賞 / 欣赏 (xīnshǎng)
- 欣賞力 / 欣赏力
- 欣躍 / 欣跃
- 歡欣 / 欢欣 (huānxīn)
- 歡欣若狂 / 欢欣若狂
- 歡欣踴躍 / 欢欣踊跃
- 歡欣鼓舞 / 欢欣鼓舞 (huānxīngǔwǔ)
- 鼓舞歡欣 / 鼓舞欢欣
Etymology 2
| For pronunciation and definitions of 欣 – see 鑫 (“abundant in wealth; prosperous”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 鑫). |
Notes:
|
References
- “欣”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “欣”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 237.
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Japanese
Kanji
欣
Readings
Korean
Hanja
欣 • (heun) (hangeul 흔, revised heun, McCune–Reischauer hŭn, Yale hun)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
欣: Hán Nôm readings: hân, hơn, hoen, hớn, hăng
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
References
- Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
- Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
- Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
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