ନିକେଲ ହେଉଛି ଏକ ରାସାୟନିକ ମୌଳିକ ଯାହାର ପ୍ରତୀକ Ni ଓ ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ ୨୮ ।
Quick facts ସାଧାରଣ ଗୁଣ, ନାମ, ପ୍ରତୀକ ...
Nickel, 28Ni |
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| ନାମ, ପ୍ରତୀକ | nickel, Ni |
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| Appearance | lustrous, metallic, and silver with a gold tinge |
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| ଉଚ୍ଚାରଣ | NIK-əl |
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| ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ (Z) | 28 |
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| ଶ୍ରେଣୀ, ବ୍ଳକ | group 10, d-block |
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| ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ | period 4 |
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| ମୌଳିକ ପ୍ରକାର | transition metal |
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| ମାନକ ପରମାଣବିକ ଓଜନ (±) (Ar) | 58.6934(4)(2) |
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| ଇଲେକ୍ଟ୍ରୋନ୍ ବିନ୍ୟାସ | [Ar] 4s2 3d8 or [Ar] 4s1 3d9 (see text) |
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per shell | 2, 8, 16, 2 or 2, 8, 17, 1 |
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| ଅବସ୍ଥା | solid |
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| ଗଳନାଙ୍କ | 1728 K (1455 °C, 2651 °F) |
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| ସ୍ଫୁଟନାଙ୍କ | 3186 K (2913 °C, 5275 °F) |
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| Density near r.t. | 8.908 g/cm3 |
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| when liquid, at m.p. | 7.81 g/cm3 |
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| Heat of fusion | 17.48 kJ/mol |
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| Heat of | 377.5 kJ/mol |
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| Molar heat capacity | 26.07 J/(mol·K) |
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pressure
| P (Pa) |
1 |
10 |
100 |
1 k |
10 k |
100 k |
| at T (K) |
1783 |
1950 |
2154 |
2410 |
2741 |
3184 |
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| Oxidation states | 4[୧], 3, 2, 1[୨], -1 mildly basic oxide |
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| Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 1.91 |
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| energies |
(more) |
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| Atomic radius | empirical: 124 pm |
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| Covalent radius | 124±4 pm |
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| Van der Waals radius | 163 pm |
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| Crystal structure | face-centered cubic (fcc) |
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| Speed of sound thin rod | 4900 m/s (at r.t.) |
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| Thermal expansion | 13.4 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C) |
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| Thermal conductivity | 90.9 W/(m·K) |
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| Electrical resistivity | 69.3 n Ω·m (at 20 °C) |
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| Magnetic ordering | ferromagnetic |
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| Young's modulus | 200 GPa |
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| Shear modulus | 76 GPa |
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| Bulk modulus | 180 GPa |
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| Poisson ratio | 0.31 |
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| Mohs hardness | 4.0 |
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| Vickers hardness | 638 MPa |
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| Brinell hardness | 700 MPa |
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| CAS Number | 7440-02-0 |
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| ଆବିଷ୍କାର | Axel Fredrik Cronstedt (1751) |
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| First isolation | Axel Fredrik Cronstedt (1751) |
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|
| iso |
NA |
half-life |
DM |
DE (MeV) |
DP |
| 58Ni |
68.077% |
>7×1020 y |
β+β+ |
1.9258 |
58Fe |
| 59Ni |
trace |
7.6×104 y |
ε |
- |
59Co |
| 60Ni |
26.223% |
60Ni is stable with 32 neutrons |
| 61Ni |
1.14% |
61Ni is stable with 33 neutrons |
| 62Ni |
3.634% |
62Ni is stable with 34 neutrons |
| 63Ni |
syn |
100.1 y |
β− |
0.0669 |
63Cu |
| 64Ni |
0.926% |
64Ni is stable with 36 neutrons |
|
| | references |
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