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乳
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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Translingual
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Han character
乳 (Kangxi radical 5, 乙+7, 8 strokes, cangjie input 月木山 (BDU), four-corner 22410, composition ⿰孚乚)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 84, character 17
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 190
- Dae Jaweon: page 171, character 22
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 55, character 4
- Unihan data for U+4E73
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Chinese
Glyph origin
Pictogram (象形): A kneeling woman holding and breastfeeding a child. The woman resembles the character 母.
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-nəw.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): jyu5
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yî
- Jin (Wiktionary): ru2
- Eastern Min (BUC): nĕng / nèng / ṳ̄
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6zy; 6lu
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: rǔ
- Zhuyin: ㄖㄨˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: rǔ
- Wade–Giles: ju3
- Yale: rǔ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ruu
- Palladius: жу (žu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʐu²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)
- Jyutping: jyu5
- Yale: yúh
- Cantonese Pinyin: jy5
- Guangdong Romanization: yu5
- Sinological IPA (key): /jyː¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yî
- Hakka Romanization System: iˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yi1
- Sinological IPA: /i²⁴/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yî
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)iˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yi1
- Sinological IPA: /(j)i²⁴/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: ru2
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /ʐu⁵³/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: nĕng / nèng / ṳ̄
- Sinological IPA (key): /nˡɛiŋ⁵⁵/, /nˡɛiŋ⁵³/, /y³³/
- (Fuzhou)
Note:
- nĕng/nèng - colloquial;
- ṳ̄ - literary.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jí
- Tâi-lô: jí
- Phofsit Daibuun: jie
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡zi⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jú
- Tâi-lô: jú
- Phofsit Daibuun: juo
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /zu⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lú
- Tâi-lô: lú
- Phofsit Daibuun: luo
- IPA (Quanzhou): /lu⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /lu⁵³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ru2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: jú
- Sinological IPA (key): /d͡zu⁵²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Wu
Note: 6lu - younger speakers.
- Middle Chinese: nyuX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*noʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*njoʔ/
Definitions
乳
- (literary) to breastfeed; to suckle
- breast; nipples
- milk; breast milk
- 母乳 ― mǔrǔ ― breast milk; mother's milk
- to breed; to propagate
- 數日不死，匈奴以爲神，乃徙武北海上無人處，使牧羝，羝乳乃得歸。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
- From: The Book of Han, circa 1st century CE
- Shùrì bùsǐ, xiōngnú yǐwéi shén, nǎi xǐ Wǔ Běihǎi shàng wúrén chù, shǐ mù dī, dī rǔ nǎi dé guī. [Pinyin]
- Several days had passed. Su Wu remained alive. The Xiongnu thereupon reckoned him godlike, eventually moved him to an uninhabited region by the Northern Sea [Lake Baikal], where he was set to herding rams. Only when these rams procreate their species was he allowed to return.
数日不死，匈奴以为神，乃徙武北海上无人处，使牧羝，羝乳乃得归。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]
- newborn; young and small
- to multiply; to proliferate; to reproduce; to breed
- (Internet slang) alternative form of 辱 (rǔ, “to insult, to humiliate”)
Synonyms
- (to breastfeed):
- (breast):
- (milk):
- (young and small): 幼小 (yòuxiǎo)
- (to multiply):
Compounds
- 乳劑 / 乳剂 (rǔjì)
- 乳化 (rǔhuà)
- 乳化劑 / 乳化剂 (rǔhuàjì)
- 乳名 (rǔmíng)
- 乳山 (Rǔshān)
- 乳房 (rǔfáng)
- 乳暈 / 乳晕 (rǔyùn)
- 乳母 (rǔmǔ)
- 乳汁 (rǔzhī)
- 乳溝 / 乳沟 (rǔgōu)
- 乳牙 (rǔyá)
- 乳牛 (rǔniú)
- 乳癌 (rǔ'ái)
- 乳白 (rǔbái)
- 乳突 (rǔtū)
- 乳突竇 / 乳突窦
- 乳糖 (rǔtáng)
- 乳罩 (rǔzhào)
- 乳脂 (rǔzhī)
- 乳腐 (rǔfǔ)
- 乳腺 (rǔxiàn)
- 乳膠 / 乳胶 (rǔjiāo)
- 乳臭 (rǔxiù)
- 乳臭未乾 / 乳臭未干 (rǔxiùwèigān)
- 乳製品 / 乳制品 (rǔzhìpǐn)
- 乳豬 / 乳猪 (rǔzhū)
- 乳輪 / 乳轮
- 乳酪 (rǔlào)
- 乳酸 (rǔsuān)
- 乳頭 / 乳头 (rǔtóu)
- 乳首
- 乳香 (rǔxiāng)
- 乳齒 / 乳齿 (rǔchǐ)
- 催乳 (cuīrǔ)
- 南乳 (nánrǔ)
- 哺乳 (bǔrǔ)
- 哺母乳
- 孳乳 (zīrǔ)
- 寄乳 (jìrǔ)
- 授乳 (shòurǔ)
- 母乳 (mǔrǔ)
- 沐浴乳 (mùyùrǔ)
- 洗髮乳 / 洗发乳 (xǐfàrǔ)
- 潤膚乳 / 润肤乳 (rùnfūrǔ)
- 潔面乳 / 洁面乳
- 煉乳 / 炼乳 (liànrǔ)
- 石鐘乳 / 石钟乳
- 羊乳 (yángrǔ)
- 腐乳 (fǔrǔ)
- 膠乳 / 胶乳 (jiāorǔ)
- 護髮乳 / 护发乳
- 酪乳 (làorǔ)
- 酸乳
- 隆乳 (lóngrǔ)
- 雙乳 / 双乳
- 離乳 / 离乳
- 餵母乳 / 喂母乳
- 馬乳 / 马乳
- 鮮乳 / 鲜乳 (xiānrǔ)
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