勾

See also: 句

勾 U+52FE, 勾 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-52FE ← 勽 [U+52FD] CJK Unified Ideographs 勿 → [U+52FF]

Translingual

Han character

勾 (Kangxi radical 20, 勹+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 心戈 (PI), four-corner 2772₀, composition ⿹勹厶)

Derived characters

• 㘬, 抅, 沟, 构, 𧵈, 鈎(钩), 䩓, 芶
• 𰫛(𬘗) (Nonstandard simplified form of 絇)
• 购 (Simplified form of 購)

Additional Derived Characters

• 𪜩, 𠯜, 𡵺, 𮱴, 𢗕, 𣧔, 𱪮, 𤖮, 𭷖, 𥐾, 𥩞, 𧘤, 𦨛, 𡖜, 𮗣, 𧰴, 𧵈, 𨊵(𲅁), 𢄇, 𩚘, 𰥰, 𩵻, 𫚱, 𥡚, 𪐯, 𪖙, 𪚭(𱍅)
• 𠚸, 𢼃, 𠣛, 𠅱, 𰆽, 𥬉, 𤵆, 𮮢, 𪚵, 𦔁, 𢐺

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 150, character 23
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2500
• Dae Jaweon: page 339, character 13
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 256, character 3
• Unihan data for U+52FE

Chinese

simp. and trad.		勾
alternative forms		句

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (句) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
勾	*koː, *koːs
鉤	*koː
鴝	*koː, *ɡo
句	*koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo
夠	*koː, *koːs, *kʰoː
枸	*koː, *koːʔ, *koʔ
軥	*koː, *koːs, *ɡo
狗	*koːʔ
苟	*koːʔ
岣	*koːʔ, *ko
笱	*koːʔ
玽	*koːʔ
耇	*koːʔ
豿	*koːʔ, *qʰroːɡ
敂	*koːʔ
怐	*koːs, *kʰoːs, *qʰoːs, *kos
雊	*koːs
竘	*kʰoːʔ, *kʰoʔ
齁	*qʰoː
呴	*qʰoːʔ, *qʰos
蚼	*qʰoːʔ, *ɡo
豞	*qʰoːs
訽	*qʰoːs, *ɡoːs
佝	*qʰoːs
拘	*ko
駒	*ko
眗	*ko
跔	*ko
鮈	*ko
痀	*ko
蒟	*koʔ, *kos
絇	*kos, *ɡo
邭	*kos
劬	*ɡo
朐	*ɡo
鼩	*ɡo
斪	*ɡo
翑	*ɡo
葋	*ɡo
姁	*ɡo, *qʰo, *qʰoʔ, *qʰos
欨	*qʰo, *qʰoʔ
喣	*qʰoʔ
煦	*qʰoʔ, *qʰos
昫	*qʰos

Variant of 句, via 口 → 厶.

Etymology 1

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gōu (gou¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄡ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ngau¹ / gau¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): kiêu

  (Meixian, Guangdong): gêu¹

• Jin (Wiktionary): gou¹
• Eastern Min (BUC): gĕu / gău
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): kio / ko͘ / kau

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gao¹

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹keu

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gōu
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄡ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gou
    • Wade–Giles: kou¹
    • Yale: gōu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gou
    • Palladius: гоу (gou)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /koʊ̯⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: ngau¹ / gau¹
    • Yale: ngāu / gāu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ngau¹ / gau¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: ngeo¹ / geo¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɐu̯⁵⁵/, /kɐu̯⁵⁵/

Note: gau1 - rare (due to homophony with 㞗).

• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiêu
    • Hakka Romanization System: gieu^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gieu¹
    • Sinological IPA: /ki̯eu̯²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: gêu¹
    • Sinological IPA: /keu⁴⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: gou¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /kəu¹¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: gĕu / gău
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɛu⁵⁵/, /kau⁵⁵/

Note: gău - “to bracket (e.g. a sentence)”.

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kio
    • Tâi-lô: kio
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kioy
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kio³³/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ko͘
    • Tâi-lô: koo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kof
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kɔ⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kau
    • Tâi-lô: kau
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kaw
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kau⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kau³³/

Note:

• kio/ko͘ - literary;
• kau - vernacular.

• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: gao¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kau
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kau³³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹keu
    • MiniDict: keu^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹keu
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kɤ⁵³/

---

• Middle Chinese: kuw

Rime
Character	勾
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	侯 (137)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古侯切
Baxter	kuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kəu/
Pan Wuyun	/kəu/
Shao Rongfen	/kəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kəw/
Li Rong	/ku/
Wang Li	/kəu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gōu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gau1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤ(r)o/

  (Zhengzhang): /*koː/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	勾
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gōu
Middle Chinese	‹ kuw ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ˁ(r)o/
English	curved
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	勾
Reading #	1/2
No.	7061
Phonetic component	句
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	鉤
Old Chinese	/*koː/
Notes	句轉註字，王韻注爲俗體

Definitions

勾

1. to bend; to curve; to crook; to hook
2. to draw; to delineate
3. to tick; to mark; to tick off
4. to cut off or cut out; to strike out; to cross out
5. to entice; to induce; to attract
6. to smear; to apply
7. (literary, or in compounds) to collude; to conspire
8. (cooking, literary, or in compounds) to mix thoroughly to make something thicken
9. (literary, or in compounds) to get; to call; to summon
10. (literary, or in compounds) to catch; to arrest
11. (historical geometry) shorter leg of a right triangle
12. numeral nine (used in radio communications in aviation and by the military)

    See also: 九

13. a surname

Synonyms

• (to entice):

edit

• 吸 (xī)
• 吸引 (xīyǐn)
• 抓 (zhuā)
• 招引 (zhāoyǐn)
• 誘惑 / 诱惑 (yòuhuò)
• 逗 (dòu)

• (to collude with):

edit

• 串 (literary, or in compounds)
• 串同
• 串通 (chuàntōng)
• 交通 (jiāotōng) (Classical)
• 勾搭 (gōuda)
• 勾結 / 勾结 (gōujié)
• 勾通 (gōutōng)
• 拍通套 (Hokkien)
• 斗空 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 結構 / 结构 (jiégòu) (archaic)

• (to smear): 塗抹／涂抹 (túmǒ)
• (to mix thoroughly): 調製／调制 (tiáozhì)

Coordinate terms

• (geometry): 股 (gǔ)

Compounds

• 一筆勾 / 一笔勾
• 一筆勾斷 / 一笔勾断
• 一筆勾消 / 一笔勾消 (yībǐgōuxiāo)
• 一筆勾銷 / 一笔勾销 (yībǐgōuxiāo)
• 不付能勾
• 不甫能勾
• 不能勾
• 勾串
• 勾乙 (gōuyǐ)
• 勾使
• 勾使鬼
• 勾勒 (gōulè)
• 勾勾搭搭
• 勾司人
• 勾喚 / 勾唤
• 勾大引小
• 勾尺
• 勾帳 / 勾帐
• 勾幹 / 勾干
• 勾引 (gōuyǐn)
• 勾心鬥角 / 勾心斗角 (gōuxīndòujiǎo)
• 勾情
• 勾批
• 勾抹
• 勾拽
• 勾捉
• 勾提
• 勾搭 (gōuda)
• 勾摹
• 勾擾 / 勾扰
• 勾攝 / 勾摄
• 勾攝公事 / 勾摄公事
• 勾斷 / 勾断
• 勾欄 / 勾栏 (gōulán)
• 勾欄使者 / 勾栏使者
• 勾死人
• 勾死鬼
• 勾決 / 勾决
• 勾消
• 勾牽 / 勾牵
• 勾留 (gōuliú)
• 勾畫 / 勾画 (gōuhuà)
• 勾眉
• 勾稽
• 勾管
• 勾結 / 勾结 (gōujié)
• 勾股 (gōugǔ)
• 勾股形
• 勾肩搭背
• 勾臉 / 勾脸
• 勾臉譜 / 勾脸谱
• 勾芡 (gōuqiàn)
• 勾萌
• 勾號 / 勾号 (gōuhào)
• 勾軍 / 勾军
• 勾追
• 勾通 (gōutōng)
• 勾連 / 勾连 (gōulián)
• 勾銷 / 勾销 (gōuxiāo)
• 勾闌 / 勾阑
• 勾除
• 勾頭 / 勾头
• 勾魂 (gōuhún)
• 勾魂攝魄 / 勾魂摄魄
• 地府勾牌
• 官商勾結 / 官商勾结 (guānshānggōujié)
• 幾能勾 / 几能勾
• 廝勾 / 厮勾
• 打勾 (dǎgōu)
• 打勾勾
• 營勾 / 营勾
• 盼辰勾
• 管勾
• 茄勾
• 裡勾外連 / 里勾外连
• 贏勾 / 赢勾
• 辰勾
• 辰勾盼月
• 返勾
• 鷹勾鼻 / 鹰勾鼻

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gòu (gou⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄡˋ

• Eastern Min (BUC): gēu

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gòu
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄡˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gòu
    • Wade–Giles: kou⁴
    • Yale: gòu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gow
    • Palladius: гоу (gou)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /koʊ̯⁵¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: gēu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɛu³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: kuwH

Rime
Character	勾
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	侯 (137)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古候切
Baxter	kuwH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kəuH/
Pan Wuyun	/kəuH/
Shao Rongfen	/kəuH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kəwH/
Li Rong	/kuH/
Wang Li	/kəuH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kə̯uH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gòu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gau3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤ(r)ok-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*koːs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	勾
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gòu
Middle Chinese	‹ kuwH ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ˁ(r)ok-s/
English	loan for 彀 draw a bow to the full
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	勾
Reading #	2/2
No.	7079
Phonetic component	句
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	遘
Old Chinese	/*koːs/

Definitions

勾

1. trap; trick
2. alternative form of 夠 / 够 (gòu, “to be enough; to be sufficient; to reach; can”)

Compounds

• 不勾
• 勾當 / 勾当
• 有勾當 / 有勾当
• 能勾 (nénggòu)
• 足勾 (zúgòu)
• 非法勾當 / 非法勾当

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 勾 – see 鉤 (“hook; barb; sickle; etc.”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 鉤).

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

References

• “勾”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 勾

勾

(Jōyō kanji)

1. be bent

Readings

• Go-on: く (ku)
• Kan-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)
• Kun: まがる (magaru, 勾がる)、とらえる (toraeru, 勾える)、かぎ (kagi)、のぞく (nozoku)

Korean

Hanja

勾 • (gu, gwi) (hangeul 구, 귀, revised gu, gwi, McCune–Reischauer ku, kwi)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

勾: Hán Nôm readings: câu, cấu, cú

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.