滯

See also: 滞

滯 U+6EEF, 滯 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6EEF ← 滮 [U+6EEE] CJK Unified Ideographs 滰 → [U+6EF0]

Translingual

Traditional	滯
Simplified	滞
Japanese	滞
Korean	滯

Han character

滯 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 水大心月 (EKPB), four-corner 3412₇, composition ⿰氵帶)

Derived characters

• 懘

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 643, character 29
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18075
• Dae Jaweon: page 1051, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1715, character 2
• Unihan data for U+6EEF

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 滯
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (帶) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
帶	*taːds
蹛	*taːds, *dads
艜	*taːds
慸	*rtʰaːds, *tʰads, *deːds
滯	*dads
懘	*tʰjads, *tʰjalʔ
蔕	*teːds
螮	*teːds
摕	*teːds, *deːds, *deːd
僀	*teːds
殢	*tʰeːds, *hleːds
遰	*deːds
墆	*deːds, *deːd
嵽	*deːd
蒂	*teːds

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *dads): semantic 水 + phonetic 帶 (OC *taːds).

Etymology 1

trad.		滯
simp.		滞

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhì (zhi⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓˋ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zai⁶

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): zai⁵

• Eastern Min (BUC): dê
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): tē / thē / tī / thì

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ti³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhì
    • Zhuyin: ㄓˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhìh
    • Wade–Giles: chih⁴
    • Yale: jr̀
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyh
    • Palladius: чжи (čži)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zai⁶
    • Yale: jaih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzai⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: zei⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐi̯²²/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: zai⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sai³²/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: dê
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɛi²⁴²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tē
    • Tâi-lô: tē
    • Phofsit Daibuun: de
    • IPA (Xiamen): /te²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /te⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thē
    • Tâi-lô: thē
    • Phofsit Daibuun: te
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰe⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tī
    • Tâi-lô: tī
    • Phofsit Daibuun: di
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ti³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ti²²/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thì
    • Tâi-lô: thì
    • Phofsit Daibuun: tix
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰi²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tʰi¹¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ti³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thì
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi²¹³/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 滯
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
	Harbin	/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵³/
	Tianjin	/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵³/
	Jinan	/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹/
	Qingdao	/tʃz̩⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³¹²/
	Xi'an	/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁴⁴/
	Xining	/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩¹³/
	Lanzhou	/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩¹³/
	Ürümqi	/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹³/
	Wuhan	/t͡sʰz̩³⁵/
	Chengdu	/t͡sz̩¹³/
	Guiyang	/t͡sz̩²¹³/
	Kunming	/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹²/
	Nanjing	/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡sz̩⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵/
	Hohhot	/t͡sz̩⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/zz̩²³/
	Suzhou	/zz̩ʷ³¹/
	Hangzhou	/d͡zz̩¹³/
	Wenzhou	/d͡zei²²/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡ɕʰi²²/
	Tunxi
Xiang	Changsha	/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵/
	Xiangtan	/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡sʰe⁵³/
	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡sɐi²²/
	Nanning	/t͡sɐi²²/
	Hong Kong	/t͡sɐi²²/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/te²²/ /te²¹/ 俗
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/tɛi²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/tʰi⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/tʰi²¹³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/t͡si³⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: drjejH

Rime
Character	滯
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	澄 (11)
Final (韻)	祭 (37)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	直例切
Baxter	drjejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖˠiᴇiH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖᵚiɛiH/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡiæiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖjiajH/
Li Rong	/ȡjɛiH/
Wang Li	/ȡĭɛiH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȡʱi̯ɛiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zai6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]r[a][t]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*dads/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	滯
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhì
Middle Chinese	‹ drjejH ›
Old Chinese	/*[d]r[a][t]-s/
English	obstruct
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	滯
Reading #	1/1
No.	1963
Phonetic component	帶
Rime group	祭
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	滯
Old Chinese	/*dads/

Definitions

滯

1. stagnant; sluggish
2. to hold back; to stay (to hinder); to encumber; to impede

   • 聖人不凝滯於物，而能與世推移。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
     圣人不凝滞于物，而能与世推移。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]

     From: The Verses of Chu, 4^th century BCE – 2^nd century CE

     Shèngrén bù níngzhì yú wù, ér néng yǔ shì tuīyí. [Pinyin]

     Wise ones cannot be held back by external objects; they are in motion together with the world.

3. to lag; to be held back; to stagnate

   滯留／滞留  ―  zhìliú  ―  to be held up

   磁滯／磁滞  ―  cízhì  ―  magnetic hysteresis

   1. to accumulate; to be unable to circulate; to cease flowing

      滯銷／滞销  ―  zhìxiāo  ―  to fail to sell

   2. to be late in payments; to be in arrears; to be overdue

      滯納金／滞纳金  ―  zhìnàjīn  ―  late fine

4. (Cantonese, of the stomach) bloated; uncomfortably full; stuffed
   • 2001, “大包整多兩籠大包”, 謝立文 [Brian Tse] (lyrics), 舒曼 [Robert Schumann] (music), performed by 李晉緯:

     大包整多兩籠唔怕滯 [Cantonese, trad.]
     大包整多两笼唔怕滞 [Cantonese, simp.]

     daai⁶ baau¹ zing² do¹ loeng⁵ lung⁴ m⁴ paa³ zai⁶ [Jyutping]

     Two more steamers of large chicken buns for me! I won't fret feeling bloated

Compounds

• 不滯 / 不滞
• 停滯 / 停滞 (tíngzhì)
• 停滯不前 / 停滞不前 (tíngzhìbùqián)
• 凝滯 / 凝滞 (níngzhì)
• 否滯 / 否滞
• 呆滯 / 呆滞 (dāizhì)
• 呆滯物料 / 呆滞物料
• 困滯 / 困滞
• 圮滯 / 圮滞
• 壅滯 / 壅滞
• 屈滯 / 屈滞
• 底滯 / 底滞
• 延滯 / 延滞
• 愆滯 / 愆滞
• 撒滯殢 / 撒滞𣨼
• 智能遲滯 / 智能迟滞
• 板滯 / 板滞 (bǎnzhì)
• 沉滯 / 沉滞 (chénzhì)
• 泥滯 / 泥滞
• 流滯 / 流滞
• 淹滯 / 淹滞
• 淤滯 / 淤滞
• 滯伏 / 滞伏
• 滯固 / 滞固
• 滯客 / 滞客
• 滯悶 / 滞闷
• 滯氣 / 滞气
• 滯沛 / 滞沛
• 滯泥 / 滞泥
• 滯淫 / 滞淫
• 滯滯泥泥 / 滞滞泥泥
• 滯留 / 滞留 (zhìliú)
• 滯留鋒 / 滞留锋
• 滯礙 / 滞碍 (zhì'ài)
• 滯積 / 滞积
• 滯納金 / 滞纳金 (zhìnàjīn)
• 滯累 / 滞累
• 滯育期 / 滞育期
• 滯胃 / 滞胃
• 滯訟 / 滞讼
• 滯貨 / 滞货
• 滯鈍 / 滞钝
• 滯銷 / 滞销 (zhìxiāo)
• 濡滯 / 濡滞
• 濘滯 / 泞滞
• 澀滯 / 涩滞
• 獃滯 / 呆滞
• 留滯 / 留滞 (liúzhì)
• 疑滯 / 疑滞
• 稽滯 / 稽滞
• 羈滯 / 羁滞
• 蹇滯 / 蹇滞 (jiǎnzhì)
• 遲滯 / 迟滞 (chízhì)
• 阻滯 / 阻滞 (zǔzhì)
• 陷滯 / 陷滞

Etymology 2

trad.		滯
simp.		滞

Pronunciation

• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tù

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• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tù
    • Tâi-lô: tù
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dux
    • IPA (Taipei): /tu¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tu²¹/

Definitions

滯

1. (Taiwanese Hokkien) to be stopped up; to be blocked

Compounds

• 滯滯 / 滞滞

Etymology 3

trad.		滯
simp.		滞
alternative forms		嚌／哜 濟／济

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Unrelated to 滯／滞 (zhì).”

Pronunciation

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zai⁶

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): dai⁵

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• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zai⁶
    • Yale: jaih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzai⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: zei⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐi̯²²/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: dai⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tai³²/

Definitions

滯

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

• 乜滯 / 乜滞
• 咁滯 / 咁滞
• 得滯 / 得滞

Japanese

Shinjitai	滞
Kyūjitai	滯

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 滯

滯

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 滞)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Kan’yō-on: たい (tai)
• Kun: とどこおる (todokōru, 滯る)、なずむ (nazumu, 滯む)

Korean

Hanja

滯 (eum 체 (che))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

滯: Hán Nôm readings: sệ, chề, trẹ, trệ, trễ, dải, đái, đáy, trề, xễ

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.