鳳凰

Chinese

		male Chinese phoenix	female Chinese phoenix
trad. (鳳凰)		鳳	凰
simp. (凤凰)		凤	凰
alternative forms		鳳皇／凤皇
anagram		凰鳳／凰凤

Wikipedia has articles on:

• 鳳凰 (Written Standard Chinese^?)
• Fenghuang (English)

Etymology

Miyake (2015) reconstructs Old Chinese pronunciation *N-prəm-s ɢʷˁɑŋ and proposes, though with uncertainty, that the mythical bird's name is the affixed form of 風皇 (“wind sovereign”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): fènghuáng

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄥˋ ㄏㄨㄤˊ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): фынхуон (fɨnhuon, III-I)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): fung⁶ wong⁴

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): fuung⁵ vong³

• Gan (Wiktionary): fung⁵ fong
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): fung-fòng

  (Hailu, HRS): fung^˖ fong

• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hōng-hông

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hong⁶ uang⁵ / hong⁶ huang⁵

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶von-waon

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fènghuáng → fènghuang (toneless final syllable variant)
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄥˋ ㄏㄨㄤˊ → ㄈㄥˋ ˙ㄏㄨㄤ (toneless final syllable variant)
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fònghuång
    • Wade–Giles: fêng⁴-huang⁵
    • Yale: fèng-hwang
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fenq.hwang
    • Palladius: фэнхуан (fɛnxuan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɤŋ⁵¹ xu̯ɑŋ³⁵/ → /fɤŋ⁵¹ xu̯ɑŋ¹/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: фынхуон (fɨnhuon, III-I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fəŋ⁴⁴ xuɑŋ²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: fung⁶ wong⁴
    • Yale: fuhng wòhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fung⁶ wong⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: fung⁶ wong⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fʊŋ²² wɔːŋ²¹/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: fuung⁵ vong³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɵŋ³² vɔŋ²²/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: fung⁵ fong
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fuŋ¹¹ fɔŋ¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fung-fòng
    • Hakka Romanization System: fung fong^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: fung⁴ fong²
    • Sinological IPA: /fuŋ⁵⁵ foŋ¹¹/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: fung^˖ fong
    • Sinological IPA: /fuŋ³³ foŋ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hōng-hông
    • Tâi-lô: hōng-hông
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hoxnghoong
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hɔŋ²²⁻²¹ hɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² hɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔŋ²²⁻²¹ hɔŋ¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ hɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ³³⁻²¹ hɔŋ²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hong⁶ uang⁵ / hong⁶ huang⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hŏng uâng / hŏng huâng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hoŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ uaŋ⁵⁵/, /hoŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ huaŋ⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶von-waon
    • MiniDict: von^去 waon
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³von-hhuaan
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /voŋ²² ɦuɑ̃⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: bjuwngH hwang

Rime
Character	鳳	凰
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	東 (2)	唐 (102)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	馮貢切	胡光切
Baxter	bjuwngH	hwang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɨuŋH/	/ɦwɑŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/biuŋH/	/ɦʷɑŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/biuŋH/	/ɣuɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/buwŋH/	/ɦwaŋ/
Li Rong	/biuŋH/	/ɣuɑŋ/
Wang Li	/bĭuŋH/	/ɣuɑŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/bʱi̯uŋH/	/ɣwɑŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fèng	huáng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fung6	wong4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*bums  ɡʷaːŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鳳	凰
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	2935	12709
Phonetic component	凡	王
Rime group	侵	陽
Rime subdivision	3	0
Corresponding MC rime	鳳	黃
Old Chinese	/*bums/	/*ɡʷaːŋ/
Notes		爾雅作皇

Noun

鳳凰

1. (Chinese mythology) fenghuang; the "Chinese phoenix" (Classifier: 隻／只 m)

   • 鳳皇鳴矣，於彼高岡。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     凤皇鸣矣，于彼高冈。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Fènghuáng míng yǐ, yú bǐ gāo gāng. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

2. phoenix

Usage notes

In modern usage, 鳳凰 is often transliterated as fenghuang in English for distinction, while phoenix is also translated literally as 不死鳥／不死鸟 (bùsǐniǎo, literally “immortal bird”) in Chinese.

Synonyms

• (Hokkien) 凰鳳／凰凤

Derived terms

• 山雞變鳳凰 / 山鸡变凤凰
• 捧鳳凰似的 / 捧凤凰似的
• 老鴰窩裡出鳳凰 / 老鸹窝里出凤凰
• 落水的鳳凰不如雞 / 落水的凤凰不如鸡 (luòshuǐ de fènghuáng bùrú jī)
• 金鳳凰 / 金凤凰
• 雞棲鳳凰食 / 鸡栖凤凰食
• 飛上枝頭變鳳凰 / 飞上枝头变凤凰
• 鳳凰于飛 / 凤凰于飞
• 鳳凰來儀 / 凤凰来仪
• 鳳凰在笯 / 凤凰在笯 (fènghuáng zài nú)
• 鳳凰城 / 凤凰城 (Fènghuángchéng)
• 鳳凰山 / 凤凰山 (Fènghuángshān)
• 鳳凰木 / 凤凰木 (fènghuángmù)
• 鳳凰池 / 凤凰池
• 鳳凰無寶處不落 / 凤凰无宝处不落
• 鳳凰男 / 凤凰男 (fènghuángnán)
• 鳳凰竹 / 凤凰竹
• 鳳凰簫 / 凤凰箫
• 鳳凰臺 / 凤凰台
• 鳳凰花專線 / 凤凰花专线
• 鳳凰蛋 / 凤凰蛋
• 鳳凰飛上梧桐樹 / 凤凰飞上梧桐树
• 鴉窩裡出鳳凰 / 鸦窝里出凤凰
• 麻雀變鳳凰 / 麻雀变凤凰

Proper noun

鳳凰

1. one of the era names of Last Emperor of Wu (272–274)
2. (～縣) Fenghuang (a county of Xiangxi prefecture, Hunan, China)
3. (～街道) Fenghuang (a subdistrict of Echeng district, Ezhou, Hubei, China)
4. (～鎮) Fenghuang (name of various towns in China)
   1. (～鎮) Fenghuang (a town in Xinzhou district, Wuhan, Hubei, China)
   2. (～鎮) Fenghuang (a town in Wuxi, Chongqing, China)
5. (～村) Fenghuang (a village in Zhonglu, Lichuan, Enshi prefecture, Hubei, China)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (鳳凰):

• → Japanese: 鳳(ほう)凰(おう) (hōō)
• → Korean: 봉황(鳳凰) (bonghwang)
• → Vietnamese: phượng hoàng (鳳凰)