پلاټينيوم (په انگرېزي: Platinum) له کیمیاوي عناصرو څخه یو دی چې په تناوبي جدول کې د Pt سمبول او v۸ اتمي شمېرې په وسیله ښودل شوی دی.
چټک مالومات عمومي خواص, Pronunciation ...
Platinum, 78Pt |
|
| Pronunciation | /ˈplætɪnəm/
PLAT-IN-ǝm |
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| Appearance | silvery white |
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| اټومي شمیره (Z) | 78 |
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| گروپ, پیریود | group 10, period 6 |
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| بلاک | d-block |
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| Element category | transition metal |
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| معياري اټومي وزن (Ar) | کينډۍ:Val[۱] |
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| Electron configuration | [Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1 |
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Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 17, 1 |
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| حالت (at STP) | جامد |
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| دويلې کيدو ټکى | 2041.4 K (1768.3 °C, 3214.9 °F) |
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| يشنا ټکی | 4098 K (3825 °C, 6917 °F) |
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| Density near r.t. | 21.45 g/cm3 |
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| when liquid, at m.p. | 19.77 g/cm3 |
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| Heat of fusion | 22.17 kJ/mol |
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| Heat of vaporization | 510 kJ/mol |
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| Molar heat capacity | 25.86 J/(mol·K) |
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Vapor pressure
| P (Pa) |
1 |
10 |
100 |
1 k |
10 k |
100 k |
| at T (K) |
2330 |
(2550) |
2815 |
3143 |
3556 |
4094 |
|
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| Oxidation states | 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, −1, −2, −3 (a mildly basic oxide) |
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| Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 2.28 |
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| Ionization energies | - 1st: 870 kJ/mol
- 2nd: 1791 kJ/mol
-
|
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| Atomic radius | empirical: 139 pm |
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| Covalent radius | 136±5 pm |
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| Van der Waals radius | 175 pm |
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| Crystal structure | face-centered cubic (fcc) Face-centered cubic crystal structure for platinum |
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| Speed of sound thin rod | 2800 m/s (at r.t.) |
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| Thermal expansion | 8.8 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C) |
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| د تودوخې تېرېدنه | 71.6 W/(m·K) |
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| Electrical resistivity | 105 nΩ·m (at 20 °C) |
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| Magnetic ordering | paramagnetic |
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| Magnetic susceptibility (χmol) | +201.9·10−6 cm3/mol (290 K)[۲] |
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| Tensile strength | 125–240 MPa |
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| Young's modulus | 168 GPa |
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| Shear modulus | 61 GPa |
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| Bulk modulus | 230 GPa |
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| Poisson ratio | 0.38 |
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| Mohs hardness | 3.5 |
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| Vickers hardness | 400–550 MPa |
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| Brinell hardness | 300–500 MPa |
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| CAS Number | 7440-06-4 |
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|
| Discovery | Antonio de Ulloa (1748) |
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| آيسوټوپ |
Abundance |
نیم ژوند (t1/2) |
Decay mode |
Product |
| 190Pt |
0.012% |
6.5×1011 y |
α |
186Os |
| 192Pt |
0.782% |
stable |
| 193Pt |
syn |
50 y |
ε |
193Ir |
| 194Pt |
32.864% |
stable |
| 195Pt |
33.775% |
stable |
| 196Pt |
25.211% |
stable |
| 198Pt |
7.356% |
stable |
|
| | references | in Wikidata |
تړل
