GRIN2B

Glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-2, also known as N-methyl D-aspartate receptor subtype 2B (NMDAR2B or NR2B), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRIN2B gene.^[5]

GRIN2B
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 5EWM, 5EWL, 5EWJ
Identifiers
Aliases	GRIN2B, GluN2B, MRD6, NMDAR2B, NR2B, hNR3, EIEE27, glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2B, NR3, DEE27
External IDs	OMIM: 138252; MGI: 95821; HomoloGene: 646; GeneCards: GRIN2B; OMA:GRIN2B - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 12 (human)[1] Band 12p13.1 Start 13,437,942 bp[1] End 13,982,002 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 6 (mouse)[2] Band 6 G1|6 66.38 cM Start 135,690,231 bp[2] End 136,150,509 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in buccal mucosa cell Brodmann area 23 sural nerve middle temporal gyrus primary visual cortex corpus callosum prefrontal cortex nucleus accumbens endothelial cell dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Top expressed in lateral septal nucleus olfactory tubercle lateral geniculate nucleus dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell anterior amygdaloid area superior frontal gyrus subiculum seminiferous tubule nucleus accumbens primary visual cortex More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function zinc ion binding glycine binding metal ion binding ion channel activity protein binding ionotropic glutamate receptor activity extracellularly glutamate-gated ion channel activity NMDA glutamate receptor activity glutamate binding glutamate-gated calcium ion channel activity amyloid-beta binding signaling receptor activity Cellular component integral component of membrane postsynaptic membrane membrane synapse NMDA selective glutamate receptor complex cell surface cell junction neuron projection intracellular anatomical structure integral component of plasma membrane postsynaptic density plasma membrane cytoplasm synaptic membrane postsynaptic density membrane Biological process glutamate receptor signaling pathway ephrin receptor signaling pathway ion transport MAPK cascade learning or memory response to ethanol chemical synaptic transmission ionotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathway excitatory postsynaptic potential regulation of ion transmembrane transport transport calcium-mediated signaling protein heterotetramerization regulation of molecular function calcium ion transmembrane import into cytosol multicellular organism development brain development regulation of synaptic plasticity long-term potentiation excitatory chemical synaptic transmission positive regulation of neuron death negative regulation of dendritic spine maintenance positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity regulation of NMDA receptor activity Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 2904 14812 Ensembl ENSG00000273079 ENSMUSG00000030209 UniProt Q13224 Q01097 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000834 NM_008171 NM_001363750 RefSeq (protein) NP_000825 NP_032197 NP_001350679 Location (UCSC) Chr 12: 13.44 – 13.98 Mb Chr 6: 135.69 – 136.15 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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NMDA receptors

N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are a class of ionotropic glutamate receptors. The NMDA receptor channel has been shown to be involved in long-term potentiation, an activity-dependent increase in the efficiency of synaptic transmission thought to underlie certain kinds of memory and learning. NMDA receptor channels are heterotetramers composed of two molecules of the key receptor subunit NMDAR1 (GRIN1) and two drawn from one or more of the four NMDAR2 subunits: NMDAR2A (GRIN2A), NMDAR2B (GRIN2B), NMDAR2C (GRIN2C), and NMDAR2D (GRIN2D). The NR2 subunit acts as the agonist binding site for glutamate, one of the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter receptors in the mammalian brain.^[6]

Function

NR2B has been associated with age- and visual-experience-dependent plasticity in the neocortex of rats, where an increased NR2B/NR2A ratio correlates directly with the stronger excitatory LTP in young animals. This is thought to contribute to experience-dependent refinement of developing cortical circuits.^[7]

Engineered to overexpress GRIN2B in their brains, mice and rats exhibit improved mental function. The "Doogie" mouse performed twice as well on one learning test.^[8][9]

Ligands

• Besonprodil
• CERC-301, a selective NR2B receptor antagonist
• Eliprodil
• Ethanol - apparent induction of dephosphorylation of the NR2B Tyr1472 residue by STEP, leading to reduced receptor function
• Ifenprodil
• Rislenemdaz
• EVT-101, a selective NR2B receptor antagonist. This compound was tested as a potentially fast-acting antidepressant.^[10] In 2011 it was voluntarily withdrawn from a Phase II clinical study in treatment-resistant depression due to an unsatisfactory toxicity profile.^[11]
• Felbamate, an anticonvulsant that is also a positive allosteric modulator for the GABA_A receptor
• Ro-25-6981 (also known as MI-4), a selective NR2B receptor antagonist
• Traxoprodil, a selective NR2B receptor antagonist
• Toluene - noncompetitive antagonist

Interactions

GRIN2B has been shown to interact with:

• Actinin, alpha 2,^[12]
• DLG2,^[13][14]
• DLG3,^{[13][14][15][16]}
• DLG4,^{[13][14][15][16][17][18]}
• EXOC4,^[15]
• LIN7B,^[19] and
• RICS.^[20]

See also

• NMDA receptor
• Glutamate receptor