呾

呾 U+547E, 呾 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-547E ← 命 [U+547D] CJK Unified Ideographs 呿 → [U+547F]

Translingual

Han character

呾 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 口日一 (RAM), four-corner 6601₀, composition ⿰口旦)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 184, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3474
• Dae Jaweon: page 403, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 600, character 1
• Unihan data for U+547E

Chinese

simp. and trad.		呾

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (旦) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
皽	*tjaʀ, *tanʔ, *tjanʔ
担	*taːnʔ
胆	*daːn, *daːn
疸	*taːnʔ, *taːns
觛	*taːnʔ, *taːns, *daːnʔ
亶	*taːnʔ
嬗	*taːnʔ, *tʰaːn, *djans
笪	*taːnʔ, *taːns, *taːd
狚	*taːnʔ, *taːns, *taːd
旦	*taːns
鴠	*taːns
譠	*tʰaːn, *rteːn
坦	*tʰaːnʔ
但	*daːn, *daːnʔ, *daːns
檀	*daːn
壇	*daːn
儃	*daːn, *djan
驙	*daːn, *tan
袒	*daːnʔ, *rdeːns
襢	*daːnʔ, *tanʔ, *tans
繵	*daːnʔ
膻	*daːnʔ
澶	*daːns, *djan
邅	*tan, *danʔ, *dans
鱣	*tan
饘	*tjan, *tjanʔ
旜	*tjan
氈	*tjan
鸇	*tjan
顫	*tjans
蟺	*djanʔ
擅	*djans
羶	*hljan
呾	*taːd, *ʔraːd
怛	*taːd
妲	*taːd
靼	*taːd, *tjad
炟	*taːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *taːd, *ʔraːd): semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 旦 (OC *taːns).

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): dá (da²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄚˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): daat³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dá
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄚˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dá
    • Wade–Giles: ta²
    • Yale: dá
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dar
    • Palladius: да (da)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tä³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: daat³
    • Yale: daat
    • Cantonese Pinyin: daat⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: dad³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /taːt̚³/

---

• Middle Chinese: tat

Rime
Character	呾
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	曷 (63)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	當割切
Baxter	tat
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tɑt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/tɑt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/tɑt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tat̚/
Li Rong	/tɑt̚/
Wang Li	/tɑt̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/tɑt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	da
Expected Cantonese Reflex	daat3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*taːd/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	呾
Reading #	1/2
No.	2097
Phonetic component	旦
Rime group	月
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	怛
Old Chinese	/*taːd/

Definitions

呾

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): dàn (dan⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): taan²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dàn
    • Wade–Giles: tan⁴
    • Yale: dàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dann
    • Palladius: дань (danʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tän⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: taan²
    • Yale: táan
    • Cantonese Pinyin: taan²
    • Guangdong Romanization: tan²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰaːn³⁵/

Definitions

呾

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tǎ (ta³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄚˇ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tǎ
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄚˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tǎ
    • Wade–Giles: tʻa³
    • Yale: tǎ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: taa
    • Palladius: та (ta)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰä²¹⁴/

Definitions

呾

1. only used in 呾噠／呾哒

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yà (ya⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄚˋ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yà
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄚˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yà
    • Wade–Giles: ya⁴
    • Yale: yà
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yah
    • Palladius: я (ja)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jä⁵¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: 'aet

Rime
Character	呾
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	黠 (71)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	乙鎋切
Baxter	'aet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔˠat̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔᵚat̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔɐt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔaɨt̚/
Li Rong	/ʔat̚/
Wang Li	/at̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʔăt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ya
Expected Cantonese Reflex	aat3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔraːd/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	呾
Reading #	2/2
No.	2104
Phonetic component	旦
Rime group	月
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	𪆰
Old Chinese	/*ʔraːd/

Definitions

呾

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 5

simp. and trad.		呾
alternative forms		詚

Pronunciation

• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): tàⁿ

  (Teochew, Peng'im): dan³

---

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tàⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: tànn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dvax
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tã²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tã⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tã²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tã¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tã²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: dan³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tàⁿ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tã²¹³/

Definitions

呾

1. (Southern Min, chiefly Teochew, Zhao'an Hokkien) to say; to speak

   呾話／呾话 [Teochew]  ―  dan³ uê⁷ [Peng'im]  ―  to speak; to talk

   • (Can we date this quote?), Thanh Sơn, “Sóc Sờ Bai Sóc Trăng”:

     Đường qua Trường Khánh có người bạn Hoa
     Tùa chế tùa hia, úa tá lư thia

     On the way to Trường Khánh was a Chinese friend
     Sister, brother, I tell you […]

2. (Teochew, Zhao'an Hokkien) to speak a certain language
   • 2015, Li Wei, Multilingualism in the Chinese Diaspora Worldwide: Transnational Connections and Local Social Realities, Routledge, →ISBN, page 209:

     汝覺得呾潮州話在新加坡應唔應該流傳下去？啊是華人呾華語就夠了？ [Teochew, trad.]
     汝觉得呾潮州话在新加坡应唔应该流传下去？啊是华人呾华语就够了？ [Teochew, simp.]

     Do you think Teochew language should be preserved in Singapore or is Mandarin good enough?

3. (Teochew) to tell someone off; to scold
4. (Teochew) Used after a verb to introduce a clause that is the object of the verb: that
   • 2018, “八字唔合”, performed by 潘琼林:

     也知呾感情路無論是若堅定個信念也有低落個時期 [Teochew, trad.]
     也知呾感情路无论是若坚定个信念也有低落个时期 [Teochew, simp.]

     and [I] know that no matter how firm the conviction is, the road of relationships still has its low times.

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 說 (“to say, to speak”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		言, 云, 曰, 道
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		說, 道 literary
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	說
	Taiwan	說, 講
	Malaysia	說, 講
	Singapore	說, 講
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	說
	Jinan	說
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	說
	Qingdao	說, 講
Central Plains Mandarin	Wanrong	說
	Xi'an	說
	Xining	說
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	說
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	說
	Ürümqi	說
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	說
	Wuhan	說
	Guiyang	說, 講
	Guilin	講
	Liuzhou	講
	Nanning (Wuming)	講
	Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine)	講
	Pematangsiantar	講
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	說, 講
	Yangzhou	說
	Hefei	講
Cantonese	Guangzhou	講, 話
	Hong Kong	講, 話
	Macau	講, 話
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	講, 話
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	講
	Taishan	話
	Taishan (Guanghai)	講
	Dongguan	講, 話
	Yunfu	話
	Yangjiang	講, 話
	Nanning	講
	Nanning (Tanka)	講
	Yulin	講
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	講
	Hepu (Shatian)	講
	Qinzhou	講
	Qinzhou (Changtan)	講
	Qinzhou (Xiniujiao)	講
	Beihai	講
	Beihai (Nankang)	講
	Beihai (Yingpan)	說
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	講
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	講
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	講
	Danzhou	講
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	講, 話
	Penang (Guangfu)	講, 話
	Singapore (Guangfu)	講, 話
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	講
	Móng Cái	講
	Mandalay (Taishan)	講
Gan	Nanchang	話
	Lichuan	話
	Pingxiang	話, 講
Hakka	Meixian	講, 話
	Wuhua (Meilin)	講
	Yudu	話
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	講
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	講
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	講
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	講
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	講
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	講
	Hong Kong	講
	Kuching (Hepo)	講
	Singapore (Dabu)	講
Huizhou	Jixi	講
Jin	Taiyuan	說
	Xinzhou	說
Northern Min	Jian'ou	話
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	講
	Fuqing	講
	Singapore (Fuqing)	講
Southern Min	Xiamen	講
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	講
	Quanzhou	說
	Jinjiang	說
	Shishi	說, 講
	Zhangzhou	講
	Zhao'an	呾, 講
	Dongshan	講
	Taipei	講
	Kaohsiung	講
	Tainan	講
	Penang (Hokkien)	講
	Singapore (Hokkien)	講
	Manila (Hokkien)	說, 講
	Chaozhou	呾
	Raoping	呾
	Shantou	呾
	Shantou (Chenghai)	呾
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	呾
	Nan'ao (Houzhai)	呾
	Nan'ao (Yun'ao)	呾
	Jieyang	呾
	Lufeng	講
	Haifeng	講
	Bangkok (Teochew)	呾, 講
	Chiang Mai (Teochew)	呾
	Hat Yai (Teochew)	呾
	Phnom Penh (Teochew)	呾
	Ho Chi Minh City (Teochew)	呾
	Singapore (Teochew)	呾
	Pontianak (Teochew)	呾
	Leizhou	講
	Wenchang	講
	Haikou	講
	Qionghai	講
	Singapore (Hainanese)	講
Puxian Min	Putian	講
	Xianyou	講
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	講
	Zhongshan (Sanxiang)	講
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	講
	Binyang	講, 說
Wu	Shanghai	講, 話 dated
	Shanghai (Songjiang)	講, 話
	Shanghai (Jiading)	講
	Shanghai (Chongming)	話
	Suzhou	講, 說
	Danyang	講
	Hangzhou	說, 話, 講
	Hangzhou (Yuhang)	講, 話
	Shaoxing	講, 話
	Ningbo	講, 話
	Zhoushan	講
	Wenzhou	講
	Jinhua	講
Xiang	Changsha	講, 說
	Xiangtan	講
	Xiangxiang	講
	Xiangxiang (Meiqiao)	講
	Loudi	講
	Shuangfeng	曰, 講
	Hengyang	講

Derived terms

• 七呾八呾
• 亂呾 / 乱呾
• 呾話 / 呾话
• 四散呾
• 散呾
• 是呾
• 無講無呾 / 无讲无呾

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), B00303

Japanese

Kanji

呾

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

(Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this pronunciation?)

• Go-on: たち (tachi)
• Kan-on: たつ (tatsu)
• Kun: しかりあう (shikariau, 呾う)^{←しかりあふ (sikariafu, 呾ふ, historical)}、よびあう (yobiau, 呾う)^{←よびあふ (yobiafu, 呾ふ, historical)}

Korean

Hanja

呾 • (dal) (hangeul 달, revised dal, McCune–Reischauer tal)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.