時代

See also: 时代

Chinese

		o'clock; time; when o'clock; time; when; hour; season; period	substitute; replace; generation substitute; replace; generation; dynasty; geological era; era; age; period
trad. (時代)		時	代
simp. (时代)		时	代

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): shídài

  (Zhuyin): ㄕˊ ㄉㄞˋ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): шыдэ (šɨde, III-III)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): si⁴ doi⁶

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): si³ oi⁵

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): sṳ̀-thoi

  (Hailu, HRS): shi toi^˖

• Eastern Min (BUC): sṳ̀-dâi / sì-dâi
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): sî-tāi

  (Teochew, Peng'im): si⁵ do⁷

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶zy-de₆

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shídài
    • Zhuyin: ㄕˊ ㄉㄞˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shíhdài
    • Wade–Giles: shih²-tai⁴
    • Yale: shŕ-dài
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyrday
    • Palladius: шидай (šidaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 時代 / 时代 石埭 石黛 食帶 / 食带

  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: шыдэ (šɨde, III-III)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩⁴⁴ tɛ⁴⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)⁺
    • Jyutping: si⁴ doi⁶
    • Yale: sìh doih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: si⁴ doi⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: xi⁴ doi⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siː²¹ tɔːi̯²²/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: si³ oi⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /si²² ᵘɔi³²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ̀-thoi
    • Hakka Romanization System: sii^ˇ toi
    • Hagfa Pinyim: si² toi⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /sɨ¹¹ tʰoi̯⁵⁵/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: shi toi^˖
    • Sinological IPA: /ʃi⁵⁵ tʰoi³³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: sṳ̀-dâi / sì-dâi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sy⁵³⁻²¹ ^(t-)lɑi²⁴²/, /si⁵³⁻²¹ ^(t-)lɑi²⁴²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sî-tāi
    • Tâi-lô: sî-tāi
    • Phofsit Daibuun: si'dai
    • IPA (Xiamen): /si²⁴⁻²² tai²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /si²⁴⁻²² tai⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /si¹³⁻²² tai²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /si²⁴⁻¹¹ tai³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /si²³⁻³³ tai³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: si⁵ do⁷
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sî tō
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /si⁵⁵⁻¹¹ to¹¹/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶zy-de₆
    • MiniDict: zy^去 de^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³zr-de₃
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zz̩²² de⁴⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: dzyi dojH

Rime
Character	時	代
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	常 (25)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	之 (19)	咍 (41)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	市之切	徒耐切
Baxter	dzyi	dojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʑɨ/	/dʌiH/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ʑɨ/	/dəiH/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʑie/	/dɒiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ʑɨ/	/dəjH/
Li Rong	/ʑiə/	/dᴀiH/
Wang Li	/ʑĭə/	/dɒiH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʑi/	/dʱɑ̆iH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chí	dài
Expected Cantonese Reflex	si4	doi6

Noun

時代

1. times; age; epoch; era; period of time (in history)

   大眾旅遊時代／大众旅游时代  ―  dàzhòng lǚyóu shídài  ―  age of mass tourism

   一個時代的產物／一个时代的产物  ―  yīge shídài de chǎnwù  ―  a product of an era

   時代氣息／时代气息  ―  shídài qìxī  ―  spirit of the times

   禮樂時代／礼乐时代  ―  lǐyuè shídài  ―  age of rites and music (i.e. the Zhou dynasty, especially Western Zhou)

   傳說時代／传说时代  ―  chuánshuō shídài  ―  legendary period

   浮躁的時代／浮躁的时代  ―  fúzào de shídài  ―  restless times

   落後於時代／落后于时代  ―  luòhòu yú shídài  ―  to be behind the times

   屬於同一個時代／属于同一个时代  ―  shǔyú tóngyīge shídài  ―  to belong to the same period

   這是一個看臉的時代。 [MSC, trad.]
   这是一个看脸的时代。 [MSC, simp.]

   Zhè shì yīge kànliǎn de shídài. [Pinyin]

   This is a face-judging era.

   我們一定要緊緊地跟上這個時代的步伐。 [MSC, trad.]
   我们一定要紧紧地跟上这个时代的步伐。 [MSC, simp.]

   Wǒmen yīdìng yào jǐnjǐn de gēnshàng zhège shídài de bùfá. [Pinyin]

   We must keep up with the pace of this era.

   • 好時代、朝野多歡，遍九陌，太平簫鼓。 [Ci, trad.]
     好时代、朝野多欢，遍九陌，太平箫鼓。 [Ci, simp.]

     From: Song Dynasty, 萬俟詠, 《三臺·清明應制》

     Hǎo shídài, cháoyě duō huān, biàn jiǔ mò, tàipíng xiāogǔ. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   • 1997, “走进新时代”, 蒋开儒 (lyrics), 印青 (music):

     繼往開來的領路人 / 帶領我們走進那新時代 / 高舉旗幟開創未來 [MSC, trad.]
     继往开来的领路人 / 带领我们走进那新时代 / 高举旗帜开创未来 [MSC, simp.]

     jìwǎngkāilái de lǐnglùrén  /  dàilǐng wǒmen zǒujìn nà xīn shídài  /  gāojǔ qízhì kāichuàng wèilái [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. period of time in one's life

   少年時代／少年时代  ―  shàonián shídài  ―  early youth

   學生時代／学生时代  ―  xuéshēng shídài  ―  student days

Synonyms

• (times):

edit

• 世 (shì) (literary, or in compounds)
• 世代 (shìdài) (literary)
• 光陰 / 光阴 (Dungan)
• 年代 (niándài)
• 年候兒 / 年候儿 (niánhour) (Beijing Mandarin)
• 年歲 / 年岁 (niánsuì)
• 年華 / 年华 (niánhuá)
• 年號 / 年号 (Hokkien)
• 時期 / 时期 (shíqī)
• 朝代 (cháodài)
• 歲月 / 岁月 (suìyuè)

Derived terms

• 信息時代 / 信息时代 (xìnxī shídài)
• 劃時代 / 划时代 (huàshídài)
• 史前時代 / 史前时代 (shǐqián shídài)
• 戰國時代 / 战国时代 (Zhànguó Shídài)
• 啟蒙時代 / 启蒙时代 (Qǐméng Shídài)
• 新時代 / 新时代 (xīnshídài)
• 新石器時代 / 新石器时代 (Xīnshíqì Shídài)
• 時代精神 / 时代精神 (shídài jīngshén)
• 石器時代 / 石器时代 (Shíqì Shídài)
• 西部時代 / 西部时代 (Xībù Shídài)
• 黃金時代 / 黄金时代 (huángjīn shídài)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (時代):

• → Japanese: 時(じ)代(だい) (jidai)
• → Korean: 시대(時代) (sidae)
• → Vietnamese: thời đại (時代)