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醋
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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See also: 酢
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Translingual
Han character
醋 (Kangxi radical 164, 酉+8, 15 strokes, cangjie input 一田廿日 (MWTA), four-corner 14661, composition ⿰酉昔)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1284, character 28
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39911
- Dae Jaweon: page 1785, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3585, character 8
- Unihan data for U+918B
Chinese
Glyph origin
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sʰaːɡs): semantic 酉 + phonetic 昔 (OC *sjaːɡ).
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): cu4
- (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): cū
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): cou3
- (Dongguan, Jyutping++): cou3
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): tu1
- Gan (Wiktionary): cu3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): cu3
- Northern Min (KCR): chu̿
- Eastern Min (BUC): chó
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): cou4 / coo4
- Southern Min
- Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): cu3
- Wu (Wugniu)
- Xiang
- (Changsha, Wiktionary): cou4
- (Hengyang, Wiktionary): cu4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: cù
- Zhuyin: ㄘㄨˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cù
- Wade–Giles: tsʻu4
- Yale: tsù
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsuh
- Palladius: цу (cu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰu⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: cu4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: cu
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰu²¹³/
- (Xi'an)
- Guanzhong Pinyin: cū
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰu⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: cou3
- Yale: chou
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsou3
- Guangdong Romanization: cou3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰou̯³³/
- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
- Jyutping++: cou3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɔu³²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: tu1
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰu³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: cu3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰu²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhṳ / chhu
- Hakka Romanization System: cii / cu
- Hagfa Pinyim: ci4 / cu4
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵/, /t͡sʰu⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: siiˇ / cuˇ
- Sinological IPA: /sɨ¹¹/, /t͡sʰu¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
Note:
- Hailu:
- siiˇ - vernacular;
- cuˇ - literary.
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: cu3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sʰu⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: chu̿
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰu³³/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: chó
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰou²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: cou4
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cho̍
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɔu⁴²/
- (Jiangkou, Youyang, Fengting)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: cou4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰou⁴²/
- (Nanri)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: coo4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɔ⁴²/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhò͘
- Tâi-lô: tshòo
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhox
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰɔ¹¹/
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰɔ²¹/
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /t͡sʰɔ⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: cou3
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshòu
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰou²¹³/
- (Leizhou)
- Leizhou Pinyin: ceu3 / cu3
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɛu²¹/, /t͡sʰu²¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Philippines)
- ceu3 - vernacular;
- cu3 - literary.
- Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Jyutping++: cu3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰu⁵⁵/
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading, Songjiang, Chongming, Jiaxing, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
- Wugniu: 5tshu
- MiniDict: tshu去
- Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 2tshu
- Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰu³⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Jiading): /t͡sʰu³⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /t͡sʰu³⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Chongming): /t͡sʰu³³/
- Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /t͡sʰu³³⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /t͡sʰu⁴⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /t͡sʰu³³/
- Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /t͡sʰu⁵⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /t͡sʰu⁴⁴/
- (Northern: Suzhou)
- (Jinhua)
- (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading, Songjiang, Chongming, Jiaxing, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: cou4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰəu̯⁴⁵/
- (Hengyang)
- Wiktionary: cu4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰu³²⁴/
- (Changsha)
Note:
- Middle Chinese: tshuH
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*sʰaːɡs/
Definitions
醋
- (literal) vinegar
- (figurative, chiefly between lovers) jealousy; envy; bitterness
- (Hainanese, figurative) glutton
Synonyms
- (vinegar):
Compounds
- 三斗醋
- 俏醋
- 加油加醋
- 加油添醋
- 半瓶醋 (bànpíngcù)
- 吃乾醋 / 吃干醋
- 吃寡醋
- 吃醋 (chīcù)
- 吃醋拈酸
- 吃醋撚酸
- 吃醋爭風 / 吃醋争风
- 吃飛醋 / 吃飞醋
- 呷醋節帥 / 呷醋节帅
- 咬薑呷醋 / 咬姜呷醋 (yǎojiāngxiácù)
- 啜醋
- 喬文假醋 / 乔文假醋
- 壞醋 / 坏醋
- 寡醋
- 強文假醋 / 强文假醋
- 慘醋 / 惨醋
- 打醋炭
- 拈酸吃醋
- 拈酸喫醋 / 拈酸吃醋
- 拈酸潑醋 / 拈酸泼醋
- 拿糖作醋
- 果醋
- 柴米油鹽醬醋茶 / 柴米油盐酱醋茶 (chái mǐ yóu yán jiàng cù chá)
- 桃花茜醋
- 桃花醋
- 榷醋
- 油鹽醬醋 / 油盐酱醋 (yóuyánjiàngcù)
- 添油加醋 (tiānyóujiācù)
- 添醋加油
- 添鹽着醋
- 潑醋 / 泼醋
- 熬薑呷醋 / 熬姜呷醋
- 爭鋒吃醋 / 争锋吃醋 (zhēngfēngchīcù)
- 爭風吃醋 / 争风吃醋 (zhēngfēngchīcù)
- 爭風喫醋 / 争风吃醋
- 發醋 / 发醋
- 白醋 (báicù)
- 石醋醋
- 私鹽私醋 / 私盐私醋
- 窮癟醋 / 穷瘪醋
- 窮酸餓醋 / 穷酸饿醋
- 糖醋 (tángcù)
- 老醋
- 臘八醋 / 腊八醋
- 酬醋
- 酸文假醋
- 酸醋 (suāncù)
- 醋勁 / 醋劲 (cùjìn)
- 醋味
- 醋坊
- 醋大
- 醋妒
- 醋娘子
- 醋心 (cùxīn)
- 醋性
- 醋息錢 / 醋息钱
- 醋意 (cùyì)
- 醋戶 / 醋户
- 醋栗 (cùlì)
- 醋母
- 醋母草
- 醋海
- 醋浸曹公
- 醋溜魚 / 醋溜鱼
- 醋漿 / 醋浆
- 醋滴滴
- 醋漬物 / 醋渍物
- 醋罈子 / 醋坛子 (cùtánzi)
- 醋罐子
- 醋葫蘆 / 醋葫芦
- 醋酒
- 醋酸 (cùsuān)
- 醯醋
- 釅醋 / 酽醋
- 陳醋 / 陈醋 (chéncù)
- 隔壁醋
- 頭醋 / 头醋
- 風言醋語 / 风言醋语
- 風醋 / 风醋
- 飛醋 / 飞醋
- 飽醋生 / 饱醋生
- 黑醋 (hēicù)
- 齩薑呷醋 / 咬姜呷醋
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: zuò
- Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄛˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: zuò
- Wade–Giles: tso4
- Yale: dzwò
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuoh
- Palladius: цзо (czo)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zok6
- Yale: johk
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzok9
- Guangdong Romanization: zog6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɔːk̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
醋
- ancient written form of 酢 (“to toast back to the host”).
References
- “醋”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “1409 醋”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 429.
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Japanese
Kanji
醋
Readings
From Middle Chinese 醋 (MC tshuH); compare Mandarin 醋 (cù):
From Middle Chinese 醋 (MC dzak); compare Mandarin 醋 (zuò):
From native Japanese roots:
Usage notes
In modern Japanese, 醋 is mostly replaced by 酢, due to the deprecation of non-tōyō kanji caused by the Japanese script reform.
Etymology
| For pronunciation and definitions of 醋 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 醋, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Korean
Hanja
醋 • (cho, jak) (hangeul 초, 작, revised cho, jak, McCune–Reischauer ch'o, chak, Yale cho, cak)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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