刣 - Wikiwand

Glyph origin

More information Historical forms of the character 胎, Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) ...

Historical forms of the character 胎
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (台) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

More information Old Chinese ...

	Old Chinese
胎	*l̥ʰɯː
台	l̥ʰɯː, l'ɯː, l'ɯː, lɯ
邰	*l̥ʰɯː
鮐	l̥ʰɯː, lɯ
孡	*l̥ʰɯː
苔	*l'ɯː
抬	*l'ɯː
駘	l'ɯː, l'ɯːʔ
炱	*l'ɯː
菭	l'ɯː, l'i
跆	*l'ɯː
殆	*l'ɯːʔ
怠	*l'ɯːʔ
迨	*l'ɯːʔ
紿	*l'ɯːʔ
詒	l'ɯːʔ, lɯ
軩	*l'ɯːʔ
咍	*hlɯː
佁	lɯːʔ, l̥ʰɯs, *lɯʔ
枲	*slɯʔ
辝	*ljɯ
鈶	*ljɯʔ
笞	*l̥ʰɯ
齝	l̥ʰɯ, hljɯ
眙	l̥ʰɯs, lɯ
治	l'ɯ, l'ɯs, *l'is
始	*hljɯʔ
怡	*lɯ
貽	*lɯ
飴	*lɯ
瓵	*lɯ
珆	*li

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声): phonetic 台 + semantic 刂 (“knife”).

Etymology 1

More information simp. and trad., alternative forms ...

simp. and trad.	刣
alternative forms	𠛀

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhōng (zhong¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zung¹
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chiong

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhōng
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhong
  - Wade–Giles: chung¹
  - Yale: jūng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jong
  - Palladius: чжун (čžun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zung¹
  - Yale: jūng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzung¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: zung¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiong
  - Tâi-lô: tsiong
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciofng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɔŋ³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴/

Definitions

刣

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to pare; to scrape

Etymology 2

More information simp. and trad., alternative forms ...

simp. and trad.	刣
alternative forms	殺／杀刏宰𠷂夷殺／杀刏宰𠷂夷治汰

Often considered a substrate word. Compare (Deng, 1994, Schuessler, 2007):

Proto-Hmong-Mien *təjH (“to kill”) ~ Proto-Hmong-Mien *dəjH (“to die”)
- White Hmong tua (“to kill”)
- White Hmong tuag (“to die”)
Proto-Austronesian *pa-aCay (“to kill”) ~ Proto-Austronesian *ma-aCay (“to die”)
- Amis patay (“to die; death”)
- Cebuano patay (“dead; to kill”)
- Tagalog patay (“dead; corpse; carcass”); matay (“dying”); katay (“a slaughtering; a killing”); bitay (“hanging (means of execution)”)
Proto-Tai *p.taːjᴬ (“to die”)
- Thai ตาย (dtaai, “to die”)

Norman (1979) suggests that this derives from 治 (MC dri, “to regulate; to clean (fish)”) instead. This usage is still used in some Mandarin dialects (usually meaning “to clean (fish)”) and Hakka chhṳ̀ (“to slaughter (livestock)”), often written as 㓾.

Alternatively, some have suggested that 夷 (MC yij, “to be level; to pacify; to kill”) is the original character.

Pronunciation

Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): tai²
Northern Min (KCR): tî
Eastern Min (BUC): tài
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): tai²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): thâi

(Teochew, Peng'im): tai⁵

(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): tai⁵

Hakka
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: tai²
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰaɪ¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: tî
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: tài
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰai⁵³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: tai²
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: tái
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰai¹³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: tai²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰai²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Hui'an, General Taiwanese, Kinmen, Philippines, Singapore)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thâi
  - Tâi-lô: thâi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: taai
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Hui'an, Taipei, Kinmen, Philippines, Singapore): /tʰai²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰai¹³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰai²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: tai⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thâi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰai⁵⁵/
- (Leizhou)
  - Leizhou Pinyin: tai⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰai²²/

Definitions

刣

(Hakka, Min) to slaughter (an animal)
刣豬／刣猪 [Hokkien] ― thâi ti [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to slaughter a pig

刣豬／刣猪 [Eastern Min] ― tài-*dṳ̆ / [tʰai⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ty⁵⁵] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA] ― to slaughter a pig
(Fuzhou Eastern Min, Southern Min, Puxian Min) to kill (a person)
刣死 [Hokkien] ― thâi-sí [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to kill
- 人傷我，我刣伊 [Hokkien, trad.]
  人伤我，我刣伊 [Hokkien, simp.]
  From: 巴克禮譯本 (Barclay Amoy Romanized Bible), 創世記 (Genesis) 4:23
  Lâng siong góa, góa thâi i [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
  for I have slain a man to my wounding
(Eastern Min, Southern Min) to cut open
刣西瓜 [Hokkien] ― thâi si-koe [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to cut a watermelon
(Hokkien) to cut; to gash
(Hokkien) to fight a battle; to go to war
(Hokkien) to delete; to remove; to cross out
(Taiwanese Hokkien) to beat down the price; to haggle

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 宰 (“to slaughter; to butcher”) [map]

More information Variety, Location ...

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese	宰, 屠
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)	宰殺, 屠宰
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	宰, 殺, 治 fish
Taiwan	宰, 殺
Singapore	殺
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	宰, 殺, 治
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	宰, 殺
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	宰, 殺
Wuhan	宰, 殺, 治 fish
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	殺, 宰, 治 fish
Hefei	殺, 治 fish
Cantonese	Guangzhou	劏, 善 chicken
Hong Kong	劏
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	劏
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	劏
Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	劏
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	劏
Macau	劏
Guangzhou (Panyu)	劏
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	劏
Guangzhou (Conghua)	劏
Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	劏
Foshan	劏
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	劏
Foshan (Shunde)	劏
Foshan (Sanshui)	劏
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	劏
Zhongshan (Shiqi)	劏
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	劏
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	劏
Zhuhai (Doumen)	劏
Jiangmen (Baisha)	劏
Jiangmen (Xinhui)	劏
Taishan	劏
Kaiping (Chikan)	劏
Enping (Niujiang)	劏
Heshan (Yayao)	劏
Dongguan	劏
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	劏
Shenzhen (Dapeng)	劏
Qingyuan	劏
Fogang	劏
Yingde (Hanguang)	劏
Yangshan	劏
Lianshan (Butian)	劏
Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui)	劏
Shaoguan	劏
Shaoguan (Qujiang)	劏
Renhua	劏
Lechang	劏
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	劏
Sihui	劏
Guangning	劏
Deqing	劏
Huaiji	劏
Fengkai (Nanfeng)	劏
Yunfu	劏
Xinxing	劏
Luoding	劏
Yunan (Pingtai)	劏
Yangjiang	劏
Nanning	劏
Wuzhou	劏
Yulin	劏
Hepu (Lianzhou)	劏
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	劏
Gan	Nanchang	殺, 治 fish
Hakka	Meixian	治, 刣
Xingning	治
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	劏, 捋
Huiyang	劏
Huidong (Daling)	治
Dongguan (Qingxi)	劏, 治
Boluo (Bendihua)	劏, 捋
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	劏
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	劏
Wuhua (Shuizhai)	治
Wuhua (Huacheng)	治, 劏 chicken
Wuhua (Changbu)	治
Wuhua (Mianyang)	治
Heyuan (Bendihua)	捋, 劏
Longchuan (Tuocheng; Bendihua)	捋, 劏
Heping (Linzhai; Bendihua)	捋
Lianping (Longjie; Bendihua)	捋
Wengyuan	劏
Shaoguan (Qujiang)	劏, 度
Liannan	劏
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	劏
Jiexi	治
Luhe	治
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	治
Changting	治
Wuping	治
Wuping (Yanqian)	治
Wuping (Pingyu)	治
Liancheng	治
Ninghua	破
Ningdu	治
Ruijin	治 pig, 殺 chicken
Shicheng	殺
Shangyou (Shexi)	治
Tonggu (Sandu)	治
Dayu	破
Miaoli (N. Sixian)	治
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	治
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	治
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	治
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	治
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	治
Hong Kong	劏
Yangxi (Tangkou)	劏
Yangchun (Sanjia)	劏
Xinyi (Sihe)	劏
Xinyi (Qianpai)	劏
Gaozhou (Xindong)	劏
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)	劏
Huazhou (Xin'an)	劏
Lianjiang (Shijiao)	劏
Lianjiang (Qingping)	劏
Mengshan (Xihe)	劏
Luchuan	劏
Sabah (Longchuan)	劏
Senai (Huiyang)	劏
Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo)	劏
Singkawang	劏
Jin	Taiyuan	宰, 殺
Northern Min	Jian'ou	刣
Songxi	刣
Zhenghe	刣
Jianyang	刣
Wuyishan	刣
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	刣, 刺
Fuzhou (Changle)	刣
Lianjiang	刣
Fuqing	刣
Pingtan	刣
Yongtai	刣
Minqing	刣
Gutian	刣
Pingnan	刣
Luoyuan	刣
Fu'an	刣
Ningde	刣
Xiapu	刣
Zherong	刣
Shouning	刣
Zhouning	刣
Fuding	刣
Southern Min	Xiamen	刣
Xiamen (Tong'an)	刣
Quanzhou	刣
Jinjiang	刣
Nan'an	刣
Shishi	刣
Hui'an	刣
Anxi	刣
Yongchun	刣
Dehua	刣
Zhangzhou	刣
Zhangzhou (Longhai)	刣
Zhangzhou (Changtai)	刣
Hua'an	刣
Nanjing	刣
Pinghe	刣
Zhangpu	刣
Yunxiao	刣
Zhao'an	刣
Dongshan	刣
Tainan	刣
Kinmen	刣
Penang (Hokkien)	刣
Singapore (Hokkien)	刣
Manila (Hokkien)	刣
Longyan	刣
Zhangping	刣
Datian	刣
Chaozhou	刣
Shantou	刣
Shantou (Chenghai)	刣
Jieyang	刣
Lufeng	刣
Haifeng	刣
Bangkok (Teochew)	刣
Johor Bahru (Teochew)	刣
Singapore (Teochew)	刣
Leizhou	刣
Wenchang	刣
Haikou	刣
Puxian Min	Putian	刣
Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang)	刣
Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang)	刣
Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)	刣
Xianyou	刣
Xianyou (Fengting)	刣
Xianyou (Youyang)	刣
Central Min	Yong'an	刣
Sanming (Sanyuan)	刣
Sanming (Shaxian)	刣
Shehua	Fu'an	戮
Fuding	戮
Luoyuan	戮
Sanming	戮
Shunchang	戮
Hua'an	戮
Wu	Shanghai	殺
Suzhou	殺
Wenzhou	㷟, 殺
Xiang	Changsha	殺, 宰
Shuangfeng	殺

Dialectal synonyms of 殺 (“to kill (a person)”) [map]

More information Variety, Location ...

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese	殺
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)	殺
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	殺
Taiwan	殺
Malaysia	殺
Singapore	殺
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	殺
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	殺
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	殺
Wanrong	殺
Xi'an	殺
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	殺
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	殺
Wuhan	殺
Guilin	殺
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	殺
Yangzhou	殺
Hefei	殺
Cantonese	Guangzhou	殺
Hong Kong	殺
Yangjiang	殺
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	殺
Singapore (Guangfu)	殺
Gan	Nanchang	殺
Lichuan	殺
Hakka	Meixian	殺
Yudu	殺
Huizhou	Jixi	殺
Jin	Taiyuan	殺
Northern Min	Jian'ou	殺
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	刣
Fuqing	殺
Southern Min	Xiamen	刣
Quanzhou	刣
Jinjiang	刣
Yongchun	刣
Zhangzhou	刣
Tainan	刣
Penang (Hokkien)	刣
Singapore (Hokkien)	刣
Manila (Hokkien)	刣
Chaozhou	刣
Shantou	刣
Shantou (Chenghai)	刣
Jieyang	刣
Lufeng	刣
Haifeng	刣
Singapore (Teochew)	刣
Leizhou	殺
Wenchang	殺
Haikou	殺
Wu	Shanghai	殺
Shanghai (Chongming)	殺
Suzhou	殺
Hangzhou	殺
Wenzhou	殺
Jinhua	殺
Xiang	Changsha	殺
Loudi	殺
Shuangfeng	殺

Compounds

了錢生理無人做，刣頭生理有人做 / 了钱生理无人做，刣头生理有人做
刣人
刣價 / 刣价
刣儂放火 / 刣侬放火
刣割
刣戇大豬 / 刣戆大猪
刣木屐
刣死
刣白
刣豬仔 / 刣猪仔
刣贏 / 刣赢
刣跤
刣輸 / 刣输
刣雞教猴 / 刣鸡教猴
刣雞閹卵 / 刣鸡阉卵
刣頭 / 刣头
刣頭罪 / 刣头罪
好好鱟刣甲屎那流 / 好好鲎刣甲屎那流
忍氣求財，激氣相刣 / 忍气求财，激气相刣
搖人無才，搖豬無刣 / 摇人无才，摇猪无刣
相刣
膨風水雞刣無肉 / 膨风水鸡刣无肉

刣

Translingual

Han character

References

Chinese

Glyph origin

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Definitions

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Definitions

Synonyms

Compounds

Further reading

Wikiwand - on