南方

Chinese

		south	square; quadrilateral; place square; quadrilateral; place; region; direction; side; method; way; prescription; power; upright; just
simp. and trad. (南方)		南	方

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): nánfāng

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄢˊ ㄈㄤ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nan² fang¹

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): нанфон (nanfon, I-II)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): naam⁴ fong¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): nam³ fong¹

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): nàm-fông

  (Hailu, HRS): nam fong^ˋ

• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): nang² horng¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): lâm-hong / lâm-hng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): lam⁵ hng¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: nánfāng
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄢˊ ㄈㄤ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: nánfang
    • Wade–Giles: nan²-fang¹
    • Yale: nán-fāng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nanfang
    • Palladius: наньфан (nanʹfan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nän³⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 南方 男方

  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: nan² fang¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: lanfang
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nan²¹ faŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: нанфон (nanfon, I-II)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /næ̃²⁴ fɑŋ⁵¹/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: naam⁴ fong¹
    • Yale: nàahm fōng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: naam⁴ fong¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: nam⁴ fong¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /naːm²¹ fɔːŋ⁵⁵/
    • Homophones:

      edit edit 南方 男方

  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: nam³ fong¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ⁿdam²² fɔŋ³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nàm-fông
    • Hakka Romanization System: nam^ˇ fong^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: nam² fong¹
    • Sinological IPA: /nam¹¹ foŋ²⁴/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: nam fong^ˋ
    • Sinological IPA: /nam⁵⁵ foŋ⁵³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: nang² horng¹ [Phonetic: nang⁵ ngorng¹]
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: náng-ho̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /naŋ¹³⁻¹¹ ^(h-)ŋɒŋ⁵³³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: nang² horng¹ [Phonetic: nang⁵ ngorng¹]
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /naŋ²⁴⁻²¹ ^(h-)ŋɒŋ⁵⁴⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lâm-hong
    • Tâi-lô: lâm-hong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: lamhofng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /lam²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /lam²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /lam²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /lam¹³⁻²² hɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /lam²³⁻³³ hɔŋ⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lâm-hng
    • Tâi-lô: lâm-hng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: lamhngf
    • IPA (Xiamen): /lam²⁴⁻²² hŋ̍⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /lam¹³⁻²² hŋ̍⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /lam²⁴⁻²² hŋ̍³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: lam⁵ hng¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lâm hng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ hŋ³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: nom pjang

Rime
Character	南	方
Reading #	1/1	2/2
Initial (聲)	泥 (8)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	覃 (159)	陽 (106)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	那含切	府良切
Baxter	nom	pjang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/nʌm/	/pʉɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/nəm/	/pʷiɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/nɒm/	/piuɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/nəm/	/puaŋ/
Li Rong	/nᴀm/	/piuaŋ/
Wang Li	/nɒm/	/pĭwaŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/năm/	/piwaŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	nán	fāng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	naam4	fong1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*nˤ[ə]m  C-paŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*nuːm  paŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	南	方
Reading #	1/1	1/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	nán	fāng
Middle Chinese	‹ nom ›	‹ pjang ›
Old Chinese	/*nˁ[ə]m/	/*C-paŋ/
English	south	square
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	南	方
Reading #	1/1	1/2
No.	9355	3023
Phonetic component	南	方
Rime group	侵	陽
Rime subdivision	2	0
Corresponding MC rime	南	方
Old Chinese	/*nuːm/	/*paŋ/
Notes		甲金文象槳即榜初文， 下初爲單筆，猶旂左初亦作單杆

Noun

南方

1. south
2. southern part (of a country)

   中國南方喀斯特／中国南方喀斯特  ―  Zhōngguó nánfāng kāsītè  ―  The South China Karst

   聖特羅佩是一個位於法國南方的富人小鎮。 [MSC, trad.]
   圣特罗佩是一个位于法国南方的富人小镇。 [MSC, simp.]

   Shèngtèluópèi shì yīge wèiyú Fǎguó nánfāng de fùrén xiǎozhèn. [Pinyin]

   St Tropez is a wealthy town in the south of France.

3. (specifically) southern China (usually referring to the area to the south of the Yellow River)

   他是南方人，所以一張口說話就帶有南方口音。 [MSC, trad.]
   他是南方人，所以一张口说话就带有南方口音。 [MSC, simp.]

   Tā shì nánfāngrén, suǒyǐ yī zhāngkǒu shuōhuà jiù dàiyǒu nánfāng kǒuyīn. [Pinyin]

   He is from the South, so when he opens his mouth to speak, you can hear his Southern accent.

Synonyms

• (south): 南邊／南边 (nánbiān), 南面 (nánmiàn); (Cantonese) 南便; (Hakka) 南片; (Hokkien, Teochew) 南爿

Derived terms

• 南方人 (nánfāngrén)
• 南方巨獸龍 / 南方巨兽龙 (nánfāngjùshòulóng)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (南方):

• → Japanese: 南方(なんぽう) (nanpō)
• → Korean: 남방(南方) (nambang)
• → Vietnamese: nam phương (南方)