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猶
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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See also: 犹
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Translingual
Alternative forms
- 由 (As seen in Preface to the Poems Composed at the Orchid Pavilion by Wang Xizhi)
Han character
猶 (Kangxi radical 94, 犬+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 大竹廿金田 (KHTCW), four-corner 48261, composition ⿰犭酋)
Derived characters
Related characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 715, character 20
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20557
- Dae Jaweon: page 1127, character 16
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1359, character 9
- Unihan data for U+7336
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Chinese
Glyph origin
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *klus, *lu, *lus): semantic 犬 (“dog”) + phonetic 酋 (OC *sɡlu) – a kind of monkey.
Etymology 1
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Compare Burmese လို”)
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): jau4
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yù
- Eastern Min (BUC): iù
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): iu2
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6yeu
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: yóu
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄡˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yóu
- Wade–Giles: yu2
- Yale: yóu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: you
- Palladius: ю (ju)
- Sinological IPA (key): /joʊ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jau4
- Yale: yàuh
- Cantonese Pinyin: jau4
- Guangdong Romanization: yeo4
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɐu̯²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yù
- Hakka Romanization System: iuˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yiu2
- Sinological IPA: /i̯u¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yù
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)iuˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yiu2
- Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯u¹¹/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: iù
- Sinological IPA (key): /ieu⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: iu2
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: iú
- Sinological IPA (key): /iu¹³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: iu2
- Sinological IPA (key): /iu²⁴/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
Note: iu - only used in 猶原.
- Middle Chinese: yuw, kjuwH, yuwH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ(r)]u/
- (Zhengzhang): /*klus/, /*lu/, /*lus/
Definitions
猶
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) a kind of monkey
- suspicious; hesitant
- (literary, in a figurative sense) to be like; to be just as
- 有賢而用之者，國之福也，有之而不用，猶無有也。可不慎歟？ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: c. 1068, Wang Anshi, 《興賢》, translated by Xu Yingcai
- Yǒu xián ér yòng zhī zhě, guó zhī fú yě, yǒu zhī ér bù yòng, yóu wú yǒu yě. Kě bùshèn yú? [Pinyin]
- It is indeed good fortune for a nation when there are talents and they are utilized, but they are as good as nonexistent if these talents exist but are not utilized. We could not afford not to be cautious about this!
有贤而用之者，国之福也，有之而不用，犹无有也。可不慎欤？ [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (literary) still; yet; as before
- 往者不可諫，來者猶可追。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
- From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Wǎng zhě bùkě jiàn, lái zhě yóu kě zhuī. [Pinyin]
- As to the past, reproof is useless; but the future may still be provided against.
往者不可谏，来者犹可追。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]
- short for 猶太／犹太 (Yóutài, “Jew; Jewish”)
- alternative form of 猷 (yóu, “plan; scheme”)
- a surname
Notes
Some scholars argue that the character "猶" (referring to a monkey) reflects a nature of suspicion, which is similar to the behavior of the "與" (a suspicious wild animal).
Compounds
- 不猶 / 不犹
- 中饋猶虛 / 中馈犹虚
- 千里猶面
- 困獸猶鬥 / 困兽犹斗
- 夷猶 / 夷犹
- 尚猶 / 尚犹
- 意猶未盡 / 意犹未尽 (yìyóuwèijìn)
- 意猶未足 / 意犹未足
- 我見猶憐 / 我见犹怜
- 敬姜猶績 / 敬姜犹绩
- 樹猶如此 / 树犹如此
- 毫不猶豫 / 毫不犹豫
- 猶且 / 犹且 (yóuqiě)
- 猶之乎 / 犹之乎
- 猶他 / 犹他 (Yóutā)
- 猶似 / 犹似 (yóusì)
- 猶原 / 犹原
- 猶可 / 犹可
- 猶古自 / 犹古自
- 猶在 / 犹在 (yóuzài)
- 猶太 / 犹太 (Yóutài)
- 猶太人 / 犹太人 (yóutàirén)
- 猶太教 / 犹太教 (Yóutàijiào)
- 猶夷 / 犹夷 (yóuyù)
- 猶如 / 犹如 (yóurú)
- 猶子 / 犹子 (yóuzǐ)
- 猶存 / 犹存
- 猶恐 / 犹恐 (yóukǒng)
- 猶是 / 犹是 (yóushì)
- 猶然 / 犹然 (yóurán)
- 猶父 / 犹父
- 猶猶 / 犹犹
- 猶疑 / 犹疑 (yóuyí)
- 猶自 / 犹自 (yóuzì)
- 猶若 / 犹若
- 猶豫 / 犹豫 (yóuyù)
- 猶豫不決 / 犹豫不决 (yóuyùbùjué)
- 猶豫多疑 / 犹豫多疑
- 猶豫未決 / 犹豫未决
- 猶閒 / 犹闲
- 猶魚得水 / 犹鱼得水
- 猶龍 / 犹龙
- 聞道猶迷 / 闻道犹迷
- 膝下猶虛 / 膝下犹虚
- 言猶在耳 / 言犹在耳 (yányóuzài'ěr)
- 記憶猶新 / 记忆犹新 (jìyìyóuxīn)
- 過猶不及 / 过犹不及 (guòyóubùjí)
- 雖敗猶榮 / 虽败犹荣 (suībàiyóuróng)
- 雖死猶生 / 虽死犹生
- 餘悸猶存 / 余悸犹存
- 鬼狐猶 / 鬼狐犹
Etymology 2
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iáu
- Tâi-lô: iáu
- Phofsit Daibuun: iao
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /iau⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /iau⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Singapore, variant in Taiwan)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: áu
- Tâi-lô: áu
- Phofsit Daibuun: ao
- IPA (Xiamen): /au⁵³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iah
- Tâi-lô: iah
- Phofsit Daibuun: iaq
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /iaʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ah
- Tâi-lô: ah
- Phofsit Daibuun: aq
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /aʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
Definitions
猶
Compounds
Synonyms
References
- “猶”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “犹”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 289.
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