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含

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含 U+542B, 含
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-542B
← 吪
[U+542A] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 听 →
[U+542C]

Translingual

Han character

含 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人戈弓口 (OINR), four-corner 80602, composition ⿱今口)

Derived characters

Additional Derived Characters
  • 𠉐, 𡌢, 𫼹, 𤞻, 𭮕, 𦛜, 𥆡, 𥓂, 𦎌, 𱼳, 𤚥, 𧳘, 𧶗, 𧹣, 𮛜, 𮜹, 𰾅, 𫺾, 𮐽, 𩈣, 𩐧, 𫻈, 𩩊, 𪕛, 𪘒
  • 𤭙, 𭐿, 𨛣, 𫾵, 𣢺, 𤙣, 𭉀, 𰧂, 𰰘, 𲂘, 𪁟, 𫺐, 𢧆, 𢧒, 𫤺, 𭙞, 𭼒, 𰲢, 𡪁, 𠤿, 𫭉, 𮕣, 𠹞, 𱁎

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 178, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3350
  • Dae Jaweon: page 395, character 19
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 592, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+542B
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Chinese

More information trad., simp. # ...

Glyph origin

More information Historical forms of the character 含, Western Zhou ...
Characters in the same phonetic series (今) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
More information Old Chinese ...

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡɯːm): phonetic 今 (OC *krɯm) + semantic 口 (“mouth”).

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *mV-kəm (“to put into mouth; to seize with mouth”) (STEDT, under *gam); cognate with Tibetan འགམ་པ ('gam pa, “to put into the mouth”), Proto-Tani *g(j)am (“bite”).

Within Chinese, cognate with 函 (OC *ɡuːm, *ɡruːm, “to contain; box; letter”) (Schuessler, 2007). 銜 (OC *ɡraːm, “to carry in the mouth; horse's bit”) is probably related. Bodman (1980) considers 頷 (OC *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ) to be the endoactive of 含 (OC *ɡɯːm, “to hold in the mouth”), literally “the thing that holds something in the mouth”.

Pronunciation

Note: hén - "to hold or keep; to hold or keep in the mouth".
Note:
  • gàng - vernacular;
  • hàng - literary.
  • Dialectal data
More information Variety, Location ...
More information Rime, Character ...
More information Character, Reading # ...
More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...

Definitions

含

  1. to hold or keep in the mouth
    含住支煙／含住支烟 [Cantonese]  ―  ham4 zyu6 zi1 jin1 [Jyutping]  ―  to hold a cigarette in the mouth
  2. to contain inside; to comprise; to include
    含鉛油漆／含铅油漆  ―  hánqiān yóuqī  ―  lead paint
    眼裡含著淚／眼里含着泪  ―  yǎnlǐ hánzhe lèi  ―  tears in the eyes
    痰含血 [Hokkien]  ―  thâm kâⁿ hoeh [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  blood in phlegm
  3. (literary, or in compounds) to bear; to endure
  4. to harbor (emotion); to nurse; to endure; to hold back
    含恨  ―  hánhèn  ―  to nurse hatred
  5. (Hong Kong Cantonese, euphemistic) short for 含撚 (all senses)
    今鋪真係含喇！ [Cantonese, trad.]
    今铺真系含喇！ [Cantonese, simp.]
    gam1 pou1 zan1 hai6 ham4 laa3! [Jyutping]
    We are really screwed this time
  6. a surname, Han
Synonyms
  • (to hold in the mouth): 銜／衔 (xián)
  • (to bear):
  • (to include):

Compounds

Etymology 2

Exoactive or causative of etymology 1 (Schuessler, 2007). Cognate with 憾 (OC *ɡɯːms, “to resent”).

Pronunciation

More information Character, Reading # ...

Definitions

含

  1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Original form of 琀 (hán, “gems and pearls stuffed into a corpse's mouth”).
  2. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to put gems and pearls into a corpse's mouth

Etymology 3

Ultimately from Hebrew חָם.

Pronunciation

Definitions

含

  1. (biblical) Ham
    閃含語系／闪含语系  ―  Shǎn-Hán yǔxì  ―  Semito-Hamitic language family

Compounds

Etymology 4

For pronunciation and definitions of 含 – see 攔 (“(Hokkien) to shield; to alibi; to protect”).
(This character is a variant form of 攔).

References

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Japanese

Kanji

含

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. include, contain
  2. hold in the mouth

Readings

Korean

Hanja

含 (eumhun 머금을 함 (meogeumeul ham))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

含: Hán Nôm readings: hàm

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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