忖 - Wikiwand

More information simp. and trad. ...

simp. and trad.	忖

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (寸) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

More information Old Chinese ...

	Old Chinese
村	*sʰuːn
忖	*sʰuːnʔ
刌	*sʰuːnʔ
寸	*sʰuːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sʰuːnʔ): semantic 忄 + phonetic 寸 (OC *sʰuːns).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): cǔn (cun³)

(Zhuyin): ㄘㄨㄣˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): cyun²
Eastern Min (BUC): chōng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chhún

(Teochew, Peng'im): cung²
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁵tshen / ³tshen / ⁵tsheen
- (Jinhua): ³tshen

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: cǔn
  - Zhuyin: ㄘㄨㄣˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cǔn
  - Wade–Giles: tsʻun³
  - Yale: tswǔn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsoen
  - Palladius: цунь (cunʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰu̯ən²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)
  - Jyutping: cyun²
  - Yale: chyún
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsyn²
  - Guangdong Romanization: qun²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰyːn³⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: chōng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰouŋ³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhún
  - Tâi-lô: tshún
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhuon
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰun⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰun⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰun⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰun⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰun⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: cung²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshúng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰuŋ⁵²/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵tshen
  - MiniDict: tshen^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tshen
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰən³⁴/
- (Northern: Suzhou, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
  - Wugniu: ³tshen
  - MiniDict: tshen^上
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡sʰən⁵¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /t͡sʰəŋ³²⁵/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /t͡sʰɐŋ³⁵/
- (Northern: Shaoxing)
  - Wugniu: ⁵tsheen
  - MiniDict: tshen^去
  - Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /t͡sʰẽ³³/
- (Jinhua)
  - Wugniu: ³tshen
  - Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /t͡sʰəŋ⁵³⁵/

Middle Chinese: tshwonX

More information Rime, Character ...

Rime
Character	忖
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	魂 (55)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	倉本切
Baxter	tshwonX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰuən^X/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰuon^X/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰuən^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰwən^X/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰuən^X/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰuən^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡sʰuən^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cǔn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cyun²

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[tsʰ]ˤu[n]ʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*sʰuːnʔ/

More information Character, Reading # ...

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	忖
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	cǔn
Middle Chinese	‹ tshwon^X ›
Old Chinese	/*[tsʰ]ˁu[n]ʔ/
English	measure, consider
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	忖
Reading #	1/1
No.	1911
Phonetic component	寸
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	忖
Old Chinese	/*sʰuːnʔ/

Definitions

忖

to ponder; to speculate
(chiefly Zhejiang Wu) to think
(chiefly Zhejiang Wu) to want
- 2019, “舊社會頂窮的人 [The Poorest Ones in the Olden Days]”, 還潮 (lyrics), 還潮 (music)‎:
  
  每日靠抲蛇過日節　只想忖碗盞有口酒 [Ningbonese, trad.]
  每日靠抲蛇过日节　只想忖碗盏有口酒 [Ningbonese, simp.]
  ⁶mei-gniq₈ ⁵khau ⁵kho ²dzo ⁵kou ⁸gniq-ciaq₇ ⁷ciq ³shian-tshen₃ ³un-tsae₃ ⁶yeu ³kheu ³cieu [Wugniu]
  Getting by every day capturing snakes; hoping for but a sip of wine in his bowl.
(chiefly Zhejiang Wu) to look forward to; to plan for
- 1996, Cao Zhiyun, 金華方言詞典, page 186:
  
  大人忖種田，小人忖過年。 [Wu, trad.]
  大人忖种田，小人忖过年。 [Wu, simp.]
  Grown-ups hope for land to sow, as children hope for new year's treats.
(chiefly Zhejiang Wu) to miss

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 想 (“to think”) [map]

More information Variety, Location ...

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)	想
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	想
Taiwan	想
Malaysia	想
Singapore	想
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	想
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	想
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	想
Wuhan	想
Guilin	想
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	想
Hefei	想
Cantonese	Guangzhou	諗
Hong Kong	諗
Zhongshan (Shiqi)	諗
Taishan	諗
Kaiping (Chikan)	諗
Dongguan	諗
Yangjiang	諗
Nanning	諗
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	諗
Penang (Guangfu)	諗
Singapore (Guangfu)	諗
Gan	Nanchang	想
Hakka	Meixian	想, 愐
Wuhua (Huacheng)	想
Miaoli (N. Sixian)	想, 愐
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	想, 愐
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	想, 愐
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	想, 愐
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	想, 愐
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	想
Singapore (Meixian)	愐
Singapore (Dabu)	愐
Jin	Taiyuan	想
Northern Min	Jian'ou	想
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	想
Southern Min	Xiamen	想
Quanzhou	想
Jinjiang	想
Zhangzhou	想
Taipei	想
New Taipei (Sanxia)	想
Kaohsiung	想
Yilan	想
Changhua (Lukang)	想
Taichung	想
Tainan	想
Hsinchu	想
Kinmen	想
Penghu (Magong)	想
Penang (Hokkien)	想
Singapore (Hokkien)	想
Manila (Hokkien)	想
Chaozhou	想
Shantou	想
Singapore (Teochew)	想
Wenchang	想
Puxian Min	Putian	算
Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang)	算
Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang)	算
Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)	算
Xianyou	算
Xianyou (Fengting)	算
Xianyou (Youyang)	算
Wu	Shanghai	想
Shanghai (Songjiang)	想
Suzhou	想
Wuxi	想
Hangzhou	想
Shaoxing	惀
Ningbo	忖, 惀
Zhoushan	忖
Wenzhou	想
Jinhua	想, 忖
Xiang	Changsha	想
Shuangfeng	想

Dialectal synonyms of 要 (“to want (to do something)”) [map]

More information Variety, Location ...

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese	欲₁
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)	要, 欲₁
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	要
Taiwan	要, 想
Malaysia	要
Singapore	要
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	要
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	要
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	要
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	要
Wuhan	要
Guilin	要
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	要
Hefei	要
Cantonese	Guangzhou	要, 想
Hong Kong	要, 想
Shenzhen (Dapeng)	愛
Yangjiang	愛
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	要, 想, 愛
Singapore (Guangfu)	要, 想
Gan	Nanchang	要
Hakka	Meixian	愛
Longmen (Luxi; Bendihua)	愛
Wuhua (Meilin)	愛
Zijin	愛
Miaoli (N. Sixian)	愛
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	愛
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	愛
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	愛
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	愛
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	愛, 討
Kuching (Hepo)	愛
Jin	Taiyuan	要
Northern Min	Jian'ou	讓
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	欲₃
Southern Min	Xiamen	欲₃
Quanzhou	欲₃
Jinjiang	欲₃
Zhangzhou	欲₃
Taipei	欲₃
New Taipei (Sanxia)	欲₃
Kaohsiung	欲₃
Yilan	欲₃
Changhua (Lukang)	欲₃
Taichung	欲₃
Tainan	欲₃
Hsinchu	欲₃
Kinmen	欲₃
Penghu (Magong)	欲₃
Penang (Hokkien)	愛
Singapore (Hokkien)	愛, 欲₃
Manila (Hokkien)	欲₃, 愛
Medan (Hokkien)	愛
Chaozhou	愛
Shantou	愛
Haifeng	愛
Singapore (Teochew)	愛
Wenchang	欲₃
Qionghai	欲₃
Singapore (Hainanese)	欲₃
Wu	Shanghai	要
Suzhou	要
Wenzhou	愛
Lishui	樂
Xiang	Changsha	要
Shuangfeng	要

Dialectal synonyms of 想念 (“to miss; to think of; to yearn for”) [map]

More information Variety, Location ...

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)	想念, 思念, 掛念, 惦念, 懷念
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	想念, 想
Singapore	想念, 想
Southwestern Mandarin	Guilin	算
Cantonese	Guangzhou	掛住, 掛望
Hong Kong	掛住
Singapore (Guangfu)	掛住
Southern Min	Xiamen	數念, 心念
Xiamen (Tong'an)	數念
Quanzhou	數念, 心念
Zhangzhou	數念, 心念
Tainan	想, 數念, 思念
Penang (Hokkien)	數念
Singapore (Hokkien)	數念
Manila (Hokkien)	數念
Singapore (Teochew)	思念
Wenchang	想念
Puxian Min	Putian	算, 干掛
Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang)	算, 念, 干掛
Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang)	干掛
Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)	干掛
Xianyou	算, 干掛
Xianyou (Fengting)	算, 干掛
Xianyou (Youyang)	算, 干掛
Wu	Shanghai	想, 牽記, 想念 somewhat literary
Suzhou	牽記
Ningbo	忖
Jinhua	想, 忖

Compounds

亂忖三千 / 乱忖三千
介忖既忖
呆忖忖
好忖
忖前思後 / 忖前思后
忖勒来
忖度 (cǔnduó)
忖測 / 忖测
忖煞介
忖相
忖著勁兒 / 忖著劲儿
忖野心
忖量 (cǔnliàng)
忖頭 / 忖头
思忖 (sīcǔn)
暗忖 (àncǔn)
自忖 (zìcǔn)

忖

Translingual

Han character

References

Chinese

Glyph origin

Pronunciation

Definitions

Synonyms

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

Readings

Korean

Hanja

Vietnamese

Han character

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