竿

See also: 竽

竿 U+7AFF, 竿 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7AFF ← 竾 [U+7AFE] CJK Unified Ideographs 笀 → [U+7B00]

Translingual

Han character

竿 (Kangxi radical 118, 竹+3, 9 strokes, cangjie input 竹一十 (HMJ), four-corner 8840₁, composition ⿱𥫗干)

Derived characters

• 𥮌, 𣈨, 𣔼

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 878, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25854
• Dae Jaweon: page 1306, character 13
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2948, character 2
• Unihan data for U+7AFF

Chinese

trad.		竿
simp. #		竿
2nd round simp.		杆

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (干) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
訐	*krads, *krads, *ked, *kad
肝	*kaːn
竿	*kaːn
干	*kaːn
奸	*kaːn
玕	*kaːn
汗	*kaːn, *ɡaːn, *ɡaːns
迀	*kaːn
忓	*kaːn, *ɡaːns
鳱	*kaːn
邗	*kaːn, *ɡaːn
秆	*kaːnʔ
矸	*kaːnʔ, *kaːns, *ɡaːns
仠	*kaːnʔ
皯	*kaːnʔ
衦	*kaːnʔ
簳	*kaːnʔ
擀	*kaːnʔ
旰	*kaːns
盰	*kaːns
幹	*kaːns
杆	*kaːns
骭	*kaːns, *ɡraːns
桿	*kaːnʔ
趕	*kaːnʔ
稈	*kaːnʔ
刊	*kʰaːn
靬	*kʰaːn, *kʰaːns, *kreːn, *kan
衎	*kʰaːnʔ, *kʰaːns
犴	*ŋaːn, *ŋaːns
豻	*ŋaːn, *ŋaːns, *ɦŋaːns, *ŋ̊ʰraːn
頇	*ŋaːns, *hŋaːn, *ŋaːd
岸	*ŋɡaːns
鼾	*qʰaːn, *ɢaːns
罕	*qʰaːnʔ, *qʰaːns
焊	*qʰaːnʔ, *ɡaːns
蔊	*qʰaːnʔ
虷	*ɡaːn
旱	*ɡaːnʔ
皔	*ɡaːnʔ
釬	*ɡaːns
扞	*ɡaːns
閈	*ɡaːns
馯	*ɡaːns, *kʰraːn
捍	*ɡaːns, *ɡraːnʔ
悍	*ɡaːns
銲	*ɡaːns
垾	*ɡaːns
駻	*ɡaːns
睅	*ɡʷranʔ
娨	*ɡraːns
飦	*kan
赶	*ɡan, *ɡʷad
軒	*qʰan
蓒	*qʰan
酐	*qʰaːŋʔ
澣	*ɡʷaːnʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kaːn): semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 干 (OC *kaːn).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): gān (gan¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄢ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): gan¹

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): ган (gan, I)

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gon¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): kan / koaⁿ

  (Teochew, Peng'im): guan¹ / go¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gān
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gan
    • Wade–Giles: kan¹
    • Yale: gān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gan
    • Palladius: гань (ganʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kän⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gānr
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄢㄦ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ganr
    • Wade–Giles: kan¹-ʼrh
    • Yale: gānr
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gal
    • Palladius: ганьр (ganʹr)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɑɻ⁵⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: gan¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gan
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kan⁵⁵/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: ган (gan, I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kæ̃²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)
    • Jyutping: gon¹
    • Yale: gōn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gon¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: gon¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɔːn⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kan / koaⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: kan / kuann
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kafn, kvoaf
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kan⁴⁴/, /kuã⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kan³³/, /kuã³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kan⁴⁴/, /kuã⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kan⁴⁴/, /kuã⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kan⁴⁴/, /kuã⁴⁴/

Note:

• kan - literary;
• koaⁿ - vernacular.

• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: guan¹ / go¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kuaⁿ / ko
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kũã³³/, /ko³³/
Note: go1 - semantic (original character is 篙).

---

• Middle Chinese: kan

Rime
Character	竿
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	寒 (61)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古寒切
Baxter	kan
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɑn/
Pan Wuyun	/kɑn/
Shao Rongfen	/kɑn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kan/
Li Rong	/kɑn/
Wang Li	/kɑn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kɑn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gon1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*kˤar/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kaːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	竿
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gān
Middle Chinese	‹ kan ›
Old Chinese	/*kˁar/
English	pole, rod
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	竿
Reading #	1/1
No.	3569
Phonetic component	干
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	干
Old Chinese	/*kaːn/

Definitions

竿

1. bamboo pole
2. Classifier for bamboo.
3. a surname, Gan

Synonyms

• (bamboo pole):

Dialectal synonyms of 竹竿 (“bamboo pole”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		竹竿, 竿
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		竹竿
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	竹竿兒
	Taiwan	竹竿
	Harbin	竹竿子, 竹竿兒
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	竹竿兒
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	竹竿子, 竹竿兒
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	竹竿兒
	Wanrong	竹竿
	Xi'an	竹竿
	Xining	竹竿子
	Xuzhou	竹竿兒
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	竹竿子
	Ürümqi	竹竿子
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	竹竿, 竹子竿竿
	Wuhan	篙子, 竹篙子
	Guiyang	竹桿
	Liuzhou	竹竿, 竹篙 thick
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	竹竿
	Yangzhou	竹篙子
Cantonese	Guangzhou	竹篙, 竹竿
	Hong Kong	竹, 竹竿
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	竹篙
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	竹篙
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	竹篙
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	竹篙
	Macau	竹竿
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	竹篙
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	竹篙
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	竹篙
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	竹篙
	Foshan	竹篙
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	竹篙
	Foshan (Shunde)	竹篙
	Foshan (Sanshui)	竹篙
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	竹竿
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	竹仔, 竹篙
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	竹竿
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	竹篙
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	竹篙
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	竹篙
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	竹篙
	Taishan	竹篙
	Kaiping (Chikan)	竹篙
	Enping (Niujiang)	竹篙
	Heshan (Yayao)	竹篙
	Dongguan	竹篙
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	竹篙
	Qingyuan	竹篙
	Fogang	竹篙
	Yingde (Hanguang)	竹篙
	Yangshan	竹篙
	Lianshan (Butian)	竹篙
	Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui)	竹篙
	Shaoguan	竹篙
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	竹篙
	Renhua	竹篙
	Lechang	竹篙
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	竹篙
	Sihui	竹篙
	Guangning	竹篙
	Deqing	笐篙, 竹篙
	Huaiji	竹篙
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	竹篙
	Yunfu	竹篙
	Xinxing	竹篙
	Luoding	竹篙
	Yunan (Pingtai)	竹篙
	Yangjiang	竹篙
	Xinyi	竹篙
	Lianjiang	竹篙
	Nanning	竹篙
	Wuzhou	竹篙
	Yulin	竹篙
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	竹篙
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	竹篙, 竹竿
Gan	Nanchang	竹篙 †
	Lichuan	竹篙
	Pingxiang	竹篙
Hakka	Meixian	竹篙, 竹竿, 竹棍仔
	Xingning	竹篙
	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	竹篙
	Huidong (Daling)	竹篙
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	竹篙
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	竹篙
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	竹篙
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	竹篙
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	竹篙
	Wuhua (Changbu)	竹篙
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	竹篙
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	竹篙
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	竹篙
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	竹篙
	Liannan	竹篙
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	竹篙
	Jiexi	竹篙
	Luhe	竹篙
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	竹篙
	Changting	竹篙
	Wuping	竹篙
	Wuping (Yanqian)	竹篙
	Wuping (Pingyu)	竹篙
	Liancheng	笐篙
	Ninghua	竹桿, 竹篙
	Yudu	竹篙
	Ningdu	竹篙
	Ruijin	竹篙
	Shicheng	竹篙
	Shangyou (Shexi)	竹篙
	Tonggu (Sandu)	竹篙
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	竹篙
	Dayu	竹篙
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	竹篙
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	竹篙
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	竹篙
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	竹篙
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	竹篙
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	竹篙
	Hong Kong	竹篙
	Yangxi (Tangkou)	竹篙
	Yangchun (Sanjia)	竹篙
	Xinyi (Sihe)	竹篙
	Xinyi (Qianpai)	竹篙
	Gaozhou (Xindong)	竹篙
	Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)	竹篙
	Huazhou (Xin'an)	竹篙
	Lianjiang (Shijiao)	竹篙
	Lianjiang (Qingping)	竹竿
	Mengshan (Xihe)	竹篙
	Luchuan	竹篙
	Sabah (Longchuan)	竹竿, 竹篙
	Senai (Huiyang)	竹篙
	Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo)	竹篙
	Singkawang	竹篙
Huizhou	Jixi	竹竿, 笐竿 †
Jin	Taiyuan	竹竿子
	Xinzhou	竹竿子
Northern Min	Jian'ou	竹笐 †
	Songxi	竹笐 †
	Zhenghe	竹笐 †
	Jianyang	竹㫰 †
	Wuyishan	竹㫰 †
	Pucheng (Shibei)	竹㫰 †
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	竹竿, 竹笐 †, 竹篙 boat
	Fuzhou (Changle)	竹笐 †
	Fuqing	竹笐 †
	Yongtai	竹笐 †
	Gutian	竹笐 †
	Fu'an	竹笐 †
	Ningde	竹笐 †
	Shouning	竹笐 †
	Zhouning	竹槓 †
	Fuding	竹笐 †
Southern Min	Xiamen	竹篙
	Quanzhou	竹篙
	Zhangzhou	竹篙
	Zhangzhou (Changtai)	竹篙
	Zhao'an	竹篙
	Tainan	竹篙
	Shantou	竹篙
	Jieyang	竹篙
	Bangkok (Teochew)	竹篙
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	竹篙
	Haikou	竹篙
Central Min	Yong'an	竹篙
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	竹篙
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	竹桿, 竹篙 †
Wu	Shanghai	竹竿
	Danyang	竹竿竿, 笐竿 †
	Hangzhou	竹竿
	Wenzhou	笐竿 †
	Jinhua	竹篙 boat, 笐竿 †, 竹笐 †
Xiang	Changsha	竹篙
	Loudi	竹篙
Note	† - for hang-drying clothes

Compounds

• 一竿子
• 三竿
• 三竿日上
• 八竿子打不著 / 八竿子打不着 (bā gānzi dǎbùzháo)
• 北竿 (Běigān)
• 南竿 (Nángān)
• 危竿
• 叉竿
• 幕竿
• 投竿
• 探竿影草
• 揭竿
• 揭竿而起 (jiēgān'érqǐ)
• 撐竿跳 / 撑竿跳 (chēnggāntiào)
• 旗竿 (qígān)
• 日上三竿 (rìshàngsāngān)
• 日出三竿
• 更轉一竿 / 更转一竿
• 望竿
• 標竿 / 标竿 (biāogān)
• 滑竿 (huágān)
• 火染旛竿
• 爆竿
• 爬竿
• 百丈竿頭 / 百丈竿头
• 百尺竿頭 / 百尺竿头
• 萬丈竿頭 / 万丈竿头
• 立竿見影 / 立竿见影 (lìgānjiànyǐng)
• 竹竿 (zhúgān)
• 竹竿舞
• 竿子 (gānzi)
• 竿牘 / 竿牍
• 竿累
• 竿蓁 (Gānzhēn)
• 竿頭一步 / 竿头一步
• 筋竿
• 粘竿
• 紅日三竿 / 红日三竿
• 苞苴竿牘 / 苞苴竿牍
• 釣竿 / 钓竿 (diàogān)
• 釣魚竿 / 钓鱼竿 (diàoyúgān)
• 鉤竿子 / 钩竿子
• 長竿 / 长竿
• 順竿兒爬 / 顺竿儿爬
• 順竿子 / 顺竿子
• 高竿
• 鬧竿兒 / 闹竿儿
• 魚竿 / 鱼竿 (yúgān)

References

• “竿”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 竿

竿

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

1. rod, pole
2. beam

Readings

• Go-on: かん (kan)
• Kan-on: かん (kan)
• Kun: さお (sao, 竿)^{←さを (sawo, 竿, historical)}
• Nanori: さお (sao)

Compounds

• 竿(かん)首(しゅ) (kanshu)
• 竿(かん)頭(とう) (kantō)
• 竿(かん)灯(とう) (kantō)
• 竿(かん)牘(とく) (kantoku)
• 竿(さお)石(いし) (saoishi)
• 竿(さお)竹(だけ) (saodake)
• 竿(さお)立(だ)ち (saodachi)
• 竿(さお)秤(ばかり) (saobakari)
• 一(いっ)竿(かん) (ikkan)
• 唐(から)竿(ざお) (karazao)
• 殻(から)竿(ざお) (karazao)
• 間(けん)竿(ざお) (kenzao)
• 継(つぎ)竿(ざお) (tsugizao)
• 釣(つり)竿(ざお) (tsurizao)
• 延(のべ)竿(ざお) (nobezao)
• 旗(はた)竿(ざお) (hatazao)
• 水(み)竿(さお) (misao)
• 水(み)馴(な)竿(ざお) (minazao)
• 黐(もち)竿(ざお) (mochizao)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
竿
さお Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 竿 – see the following entry.

【さお】 [noun] pole [noun] (euphemistic, vulgar) penis Alternative spellings 棹, 桿

(This term, 竿, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
竿
かん Jinmeiyō
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 竿 (MC kan).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kã̠ɴ]

Counter

竿(かん) • (-kan) 

1. counter for poles

Affix

竿(かん) • (kan) 

1. a pole; a bamboo pole

References

• “^▲竿”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025

Korean

Hanja

竿 • (gan) (hangeul 간, revised gan, McCune–Reischauer kan, Yale kan)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

竿: Hán Nôm readings: can, cần

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.