齒
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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Translingual
| Stroke order | |||
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Han character
齒 (Kangxi radical 211, 齒+0, 15 strokes, cangjie input 卜一山人人 (YMUOO), four-corner 21772, composition ⿱止𠚕)
- Kangxi radical #211, ⿒.
- Shuowen Jiezi radical №38
Derived characters
- Appendix:Chinese radical/齒
- 嚙, 𪤭, 𡾐, 𫹁, 𢸡, 𤁧, 𤪷, 𦢠, 𥗊, 𮉕, 𦉟, 𮝱, 鑡, 𩪲
- 𠠚, 𢎕, 𧢟, 𩖁, 𨰒, 𧀤, 𤼻, 𤻽
Descendants
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1532, character 8
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48583
- Dae Jaweon: page 2070, character 5
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4788, character 1
- Unihan data for U+9F52
Chinese
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 齒 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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 |
 |
Pictogram (象形) – a mouth full of teeth. 之 (zhī) or 止 (zhǐ) was later added on top as a phonetic component.
Etymology
Unclear. Not related to Tibetan མཆེ་བ (mche ba, “fang, tusk”), which is cognate with 齻 / 𱌺 (diān, “eyetooth”), but may be the same word as Proto-Min *kʰiᴮ (“tooth”). Another possibility is a derivation from an Austroasiatic etymon; Schuessler, 2007 (p.188) suggests a possible relationship to Khmer ខ្នាយ (khnaay, “tusk, spur”), as Austroasiatic medial /n/ is often deleted in loans.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ci2
- Gan (Wiktionary): ci3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): ci2
- Northern Min (KCR): chǐ
- Eastern Min (BUC): kī / chī
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ki3 / ci3
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5tshy
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): chr3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: chǐ
- Zhuyin: ㄔˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: chǐh
- Wade–Giles: chʻih3
- Yale: chř
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyy
- Palladius: чи (či)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: ci3
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: c
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: цы (cɨ, III)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ci2
- Yale: chí
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsi2
- Guangdong Romanization: qi2
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiː³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: ci3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰz̩²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhṳ́
- Hakka Romanization System: ciiˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: ci3
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɨ³¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: chiˊ
- Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃʰi²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: ci2
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: chǐ
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰi²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: kī / chī
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰi³³/, /t͡sʰi³³/
- (Fuzhou)
Note:
- kī - vernacular;
- chī - literary.
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: ki3
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: kî
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰi⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: ki3
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰi³³²/
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: ci3
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: chî
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰi⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: ci3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰi³³²/
- (Putian)
- ki3 - vernacular;
- ci3 - literary.
- Southern Min
- khí - vernacular;
- chhí - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ki2 / cin2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khí / tshíⁿ
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰi⁵²/, /t͡sʰĩ⁵²/
- (Teochew)
- ki2 - vernacular;
- cin2 - literary.
Note:
Note:
Note:
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: tsyhiX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*t-[k]ʰə(ŋ)ʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*kʰjɯʔ/
Definitions
齒
- (anatomy) tooth
- (figurative) tooth- or zigzag-like thing, such as a sawtooth, cogwheel, or fern
- (figurative) age (of a person or animal)
- to juxtapose; to put side by side
- to utter; to mention
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to employ; to take in
- (dialectal) to touch; to be in contact with
- (Xiang) pay attention, to be concerned with
Synonyms
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 理, 管, 睬, 理睬, 理會 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 理, 搭理, 搭咯 |
| Taiwan | 理, 管 | |
| Singapore | 理, 管 | |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 理, 搭理 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 招, 理 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 理, 睬, 理視, 耳視, 張視 |
| Wuhan | 邇, 理, 睬 | |
| Guilin | 理 | |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 睬 |
| Hefei | 理, 睬 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 睬, 理, 騷 |
| Hong Kong | 睬, 理, 騷 | |
| Yangjiang | 理, 睬 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 理 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 理, 搭 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 睬, 唰 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 理, 理睬 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 理 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 叕, 插 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 插, 插趖, 插潲, 插管, 管待, 嘀厾, 理落 |
| Quanzhou | 插, 插趖, 插潲, 嘀厾 | |
| Zhangzhou | 插, 插潲, 插管, 管待 | |
| Tainan | 插, 管, 管待 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 插潲 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 插, 插潲, 管, 插管, 甩 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 插, 插潲, 管 | |
| Chaozhou | 睬 | |
| Shantou | 理 | |
| Jieyang | 睬 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 插 | |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 理 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 睬, 理 rare |
| Suzhou | 理, 睬 | |
| Wenzhou | 朝, 理 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 齒 |
| Shuangfeng | 齒, 搭, 邇 | |
Compounds
- 不以人齒 / 不以人齿
- 不好啟齒 / 不好启齿
- 不置齒頰 / 不置齿颊
- 不足掛齒 / 不足挂齿 (bùzúguàchǐ)
- 不足齒 / 不足齿
- 不足齒及 / 不足齿及
- 不足齒數 / 不足齿数
- 不齒 / 不齿 (bùchǐ)
- 乳齒 / 乳齿 (rǔchǐ)
- 令人不齒 / 令人不齿
- 令人切齒 / 令人切齿
- 令人齒冷 / 令人齿冷
- 伶牙俐齒 / 伶牙俐齿
- 何足掛齒 / 何足挂齿 (hézú guàchǐ)
- 俐齒伶牙 / 俐齿伶牙
- 借齒牙 / 借齿牙
- 兒齒 / 儿齿
- 共為脣齒 / 共为唇齿
- 共相脣齒 / 共相唇齿
- 分班序齒 / 分班序齿
- 切齒 / 切齿 (qièchǐ)
- 切齒咬牙 / 切齿咬牙
- 切齒拊心 / 切齿拊心
- 切齒腐心 / 切齿腐心
- 利齒兒 / 利齿儿
- 刺齒 / 刺齿
- 剔齒纖 / 剔齿纤
- 劍齒虎 / 剑齿虎 (jiànchǐhǔ)
- 劍齒象 / 剑齿象
- 半齒音 / 半齿音
- 口齒 / 口齿 (kǒuchǐ)
- 口齒伶俐 / 口齿伶俐
- 口齒便給 / 口齿便给
- 叩齒 / 叩齿
- 含齒戴髮 / 含齿戴发
- 咬牙切齒 / 咬牙切齿 (yǎoyáqièchǐ)
- 噙齒戴髮 / 噙齿戴发
- 嚼齒 / 嚼齿
- 壯齒 / 壮齿
- 大臼齒 / 大臼齿 (dàjiùchǐ)
- 大齒輪 / 大齿轮
- 孺齒 / 孺齿
- 尊年尚齒 / 尊年尚齿
- 小臼齒 / 小臼齿 (xiǎojiùchǐ)
- 尚齒 / 尚齿
- 屐齒 / 屐齿
- 差速齒輪 / 差速齿轮
- 年齒 / 年齿 (niánchǐ)
- 幼齒 / 幼齿 (yòuchǐ)
- 序齒 / 序齿 (xùchǐ)
- 怒目切齒 / 怒目切齿
- 恆齒 / 恒齿 (héngchǐ)
- 戴髮含齒 / 戴发含齿
- 投梭折齒 / 投梭折齿
- 拊膺切齒 / 拊膺切齿
- 挂齒
- 捕蛇去齒 / 捕蛇去齿
- 掛齒 / 挂齿 (guàchǐ)
- 搜根剔齒 / 搜根剔齿
- 撇齒拉嘴 / 撇齿拉嘴
- 攘袂切齒 / 攘袂切齿
- 啟齒 / 启齿 (qǐchǐ)
- 斑狀齒 / 斑状齿
- 明眸皓齒 / 明眸皓齿 (míngmóuhàochǐ)
- 星眸皓齒 / 星眸皓齿
- 智齒 / 智齿 (zhìchǐ)
- 暮齒 / 暮齿
- 有齒郵票 / 有齿邮票
- 朱口皓齒 / 朱口皓齿
- 朱脣榴齒 / 朱唇榴齿
- 朱脣皓齒 / 朱唇皓齿
- 歷齒 / 历齿
- 毀齒 / 毁齿
- 永久齒 / 永久齿
- 沒齒 / 没齿
- 沒齒不忘 / 没齿不忘
- 沒齒難忘 / 没齿难忘 (mòchǐnánwàng)
- 沒齒難泯 / 没齿难泯
- 涅齒 / 涅齿
- 混合齒列 / 混合齿列
- 潔齒劑 / 洁齿剂
- 無足掛齒 / 无足挂齿 (wúzúguàchǐ)
- 無齒郵票 / 无齿邮票
- 牙齒 / 牙齿 (yáchǐ)
- 犬馬齒殲 / 犬马齿歼
- 犬馬齒窮 / 犬马齿穷
- 犬馬齒索 / 犬马齿索
- 犬齒 / 犬齿 (quǎnchǐ)
- 生齒 / 生齿 (shēngchǐ)
- 生齒日繁 / 生齿日繁 (shēngchǐrìfán)
- 當門牙齒 / 当门牙齿
- 痛心切齒 / 痛心切齿
- 發皓齒 / 发皓齿
- 發脫口齒 / 发脱口齿
- 皓齒 / 皓齿 (hàochǐ)
- 皓齒明眸 / 皓齿明眸
- 皓齒星眸 / 皓齿星眸
- 皓齒朱脣 / 皓齿朱唇
- 皓齒蛾眉 / 皓齿蛾眉
- 眷齒 / 眷齿
- 瞋目切齒 / 瞋目切齿
- 禍發齒牙 / 祸发齿牙
- 科牙磕齒 / 科牙磕齿
- 稚齒 / 稚齿
- 種植義齒 / 种植义齿
- 羊齒 / 羊齿
- 義齒 / 义齿 (yìchǐ)
- 脣不遮齒 / 唇不遮齿
- 脣亡齒寒 / 唇亡齿寒 (chúnwángchǐhán)
- 脣紅齒白 / 唇红齿白
- 脣腐齒落 / 唇腐齿落
- 脣齒 / 唇齿 (chúnchǐ)
- 脣齒之邦 / 唇齿之邦
- 脣齒相依 / 唇齿相依 (chúnchǐxiāngyī)
- 脣齒音 / 唇齿音 (chúnchǐyīn)
- 臼齒 / 臼齿 (jiùchǐ)
- 舌齒音 / 舌齿音
- 蛾眉皓齒 / 蛾眉皓齿
- 裂眥嚼齒 / 裂眦嚼齿
- 見齒 / 见齿
- 象齒焚身 / 象齿焚身
- 資淺齒少 / 资浅齿少
- 輔車脣齒 / 辅车唇齿
- 輥齒輪 / 辊齿轮
- 連齒木屐 / 连齿木屐
- 鄉黨尚齒 / 乡党尚齿
- 釘齒耙 / 钉齿耙 (dīngchǐpá)
- 鋸齒 / 锯齿 (jùchǐ)
- 鋸齒草 / 锯齿草
- 鐵齒 / 铁齿 (tiěchǐ)
- 門齒 / 门齿 (ménchǐ)
- 阻生齒 / 阻生齿
- 雁齒 / 雁齿
- 雌牙扮齒 / 雌牙扮齿
- 雍齒封侯
- 韶顏稚齒 / 韶颜稚齿
- 頭童齒豁 / 头童齿豁
- 馬齒 / 马齿
- 馬齒加長 / 马齿加长
- 馬齒徒增 / 马齿徒增
- 馬齒徒長 / 马齿徒长
- 馬齒莧 / 马齿苋 (mǎchǐxiàn)
- 馬齒豆 / 马齿豆 (mǎchǐdòu)
- 馬齒長 / 马齿长
- 駒齒未落 / 驹齿未落
- 鬥口齒 / 斗口齿
- 鬥牙拌齒 / 斗牙拌齿
- 鬥牙鬥齒 / 斗牙斗齿
- 黃髮兒齒 / 黄发儿齿 (huángfà'érchǐ)
- 鼻偃齒露 / 鼻偃齿露
- 齊齒 / 齐齿
- 齊齒呼 / 齐齿呼 (qíchǐhū)
- 齒亡舌存 / 齿亡舌存
- 齒冠 / 齿冠 (chǐguān)
- 齒冷 / 齿冷 (chǐlěng)
- 齒列 / 齿列
- 齒劍 / 齿剑 (chǐjiàn)
- 齒危髮秀 / 齿危发秀
- 齒及 / 齿及 (chǐjí)
- 齒吻 / 齿吻
- 齒如含貝 / 齿如含贝
- 齒如齊貝 / 齿如齐贝
- 齒尊 / 齿尊
- 齒弊舌存 / 齿弊舌存
- 齒式 / 齿式
- 齒德俱增 / 齿德俱增
- 齒擊 / 齿击
- 齒杖 / 齿杖
- 齒根 / 齿根 (chǐgēn)
- 齒條 / 齿条 (chǐtiáo)
- 齒槽 / 齿槽
- 齒次 / 齿次
- 齒決 / 齿决
- 齒牙 / 齿牙
- 齒牙為猾 / 齿牙为猾
- 齒牙為禍 / 齿牙为祸
- 齒牙餘論 / 齿牙余论
- 齒痛 / 齿痛 (chǐtòng)
- 齒白脣紅 / 齿白唇红
- 齒石 / 齿石 (chǐshí)
- 齒縫 / 齿缝
- 齒耙 / 齿耙
- 齒舌 / 齿舌
- 齒若編貝 / 齿若编贝
- 齒落舌鈍 / 齿落舌钝
- 齒落髮白 / 齿落发白
- 齒讓 / 齿让
- 齒豁頭童 / 齿豁头童
- 齒質 / 齿质
- 齒輪 / 齿轮 (chǐlún)
- 齒遇 / 齿遇
- 齒錄 / 齿录 (chǐlù)
- 齒音 / 齿音 (chǐyīn)
- 齒頰生香 / 齿颊生香
- 齒頰留香 / 齿颊留香
- 齒髓 / 齿髓
- 齒髓腔 / 齿髓腔
- 齒髮 / 齿发 (chǐfà)
- 齒鯨 / 齿鲸 (chǐjīng)
- 齒齒 / 齿齿
- 齒齦 / 齿龈 (chǐyín)
- 齒齲 / 齿龋 (chǐqǔ)
- 齠年稚齒 / 龆年稚齿
- 齧齒目 / 啮齿目 (nièchǐmù)
- 齯齒 / 𫠜齿
- 齲齒 / 龋齿 (qǔchǐ)
- 齲齒笑 / 龋齿笑
References
- “齒”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
| 歯 | |
| 齒 |
Kanji
齒
(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 歯)
Readings
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 齒 (MC tsyhiX). Recorded as Middle Korean 치〯 (chǐ) (Yale: chi) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja
Wikisource 齒 (eumhun 이 치 (i chi))
Compounds
References
Vietnamese
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