龕

See also: 龛

龕 U+9F95, 龕 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9F95 ← 龔 [U+9F94] CJK Unified Ideographs 龖 → [U+9F96]

Translingual

Han character

龕 (Kangxi radical 212, 龍+6, 22 strokes, cangjie input 人口卜月心 (ORYBP), four-corner 8021₁, composition ⿱合龍)

Derived characters

• 㘛

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1537, character 16
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48839
• Dae Jaweon: page 2078, character 12
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4805, character 16
• Unihan data for U+9F95

Chinese

trad.		龕
simp.		龛
alternative forms		𪚕

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 龕
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (合) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
龕	*kʰuːm
媕	*quːm, *qromʔ, *qɯːm, *qramʔ, *qɯːb
頜	*ɡuːmʔ, *kuːb
答	*tkuːb
畣	*tkuːb
荅	*tkuːb
嗒	*tuːb, *tʰoːb
褡	*tuːb, *toːb
撘	*tuːb
搭	*tuːb, *tʰoːb
榙	*tkuːb, *ɡuːb
佮	*tkʰuːb, *kuːb, *quːb, *quːb
蛤	*kuːb
鴿	*kuːb
合	*kuːb, *ɡuːb
郃	*kuːb, *ɡuːb
匌	*kuːb, *kʰuːb
鉿	*kuːb
閤	*kuːb
鞈	*kuːb, *kruːb
韐	*kuːb, *kruːb
鮯	*kuːb
哈	*ŋɡuːb
姶	*quːb, *quːb
欱	*qʰuːb, *qʰruːb
盒	*ɡuːb
耠	*ɡuːb
詥	*ɡuːb
塔	*tʰuːb
鞳	*tʰoːb
劄	*rtuːb
跲	*kruːb, *kob, *ɡob
袷	*kruːb, *ŋkob
餄	*kruːb
恰	*kʰruːb
帢	*kʰruːb
洽	*ɡruːb
祫	*ɡruːb
珨	*ɡruːb
烚	*ɡruːb
歙	*qʰjob, *qʰrub
湁	*tkʰub
拾	*ɡjub
給	*krub
翕	*qʰrub
噏	*qʰrub
潝	*qʰrub
熻	*qʰrub
嬆	*qʰrub
翖	*qʰrub
闟	*qʰrub

Shuowen: Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kʰuːm): phonetic 合 (OC *kuːb, *ɡuːb) + semantic 龍.

Duan Yucai consider it a corrupted form of 𪚕: Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kʰuːm): phonetic 今 (OC *krɯm) + semantic 龍.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kān (kan¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄢ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ham¹ / am¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): khâm

  (Hailu, HRS): kam^ˋ

• Eastern Min (BUC): kăng
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): kang¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): kham

  (Teochew, Peng'im): kam¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kān
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kan
    • Wade–Giles: kʻan¹
    • Yale: kān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kan
    • Palladius: кань (kanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰän⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: ham¹ / am¹
    • Yale: hām / ām
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ham¹ / am¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: hem¹ / em¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɐm⁵⁵/, /ɐm⁵⁵/

Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.

• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khâm
    • Hakka Romanization System: kam^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: kam¹
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰam²⁴/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: kam^ˋ
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰam⁵³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: kăng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰaŋ⁵⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: kang¹
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: kang
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰaŋ⁵³³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: kang¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰaŋ⁵⁴⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kham
    • Tâi-lô: kham
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qafm
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kʰam⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰam³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰam⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kʰam⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰam⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: kam¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kham
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰam³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: khom

Rime
Character	龕
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	覃 (159)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	口含切
Baxter	khom
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰʌm/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰəm/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰɒm/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰəm/
Li Rong	/kʰᴀm/
Wang Li	/kʰɒm/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kʰăm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ham1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰuːm/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	龕
Reading #	1/1
No.	4940
Phonetic component	合
Rime group	侵
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	龕
Old Chinese	/*kʰuːm/

Definitions

龕

1. shrine; niche
2. alternative form of 戡 (“to overcome; to suppress”)

Compounds

• 上龕 / 上龛 (Shàngkān)
• 伊闕佛龕 / 伊阙佛龛
• 佛龕 / 佛龛 (fókān)
• 壁龕 / 壁龛 (bìkān)
• 神龕 / 神龛 (shénkān)
• 蓮龕 / 莲龛
• 骨灰龕 / 骨灰龛
• 龕位 / 龛位 (kānwèi)
• 龕像 / 龛像
• 龕場 / 龛场
• 龕子 / 龛子
• 龕山 / 龛山
• 龕影 / 龛影
• 龕燈 / 龛灯

References

• “龕”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “龛”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 120.