Natrium

Natrium (Tek-gí ho͘-im: [ˈnaːtriʊm] "Óa-im: "na-tuh-lí-ùm""), hoà-ha̍k hû-hō Na, mā thang hō chò sodium ia̍h-sī chô-ta̍t (曹達 soda), sī 1 ê hoà-ha̍k goân-sò͘.

Natrium,  ₁₁Na

Spectral lines of sodium
Ki-pún sèng-chit
Miâ, hû-hō	Natrium, Na
Eng-bûn	sodium
Phian-miâ	natrium, chô-ta̍t
Gōa-hêng	silvery white metallic
Natrium tī chiu-kî-piáu lāi ê ūi-tì
Li ↑ Na ↓ K Ne-óng ← Natrium → magnesium
Goân-chú-hoan	11
Goân-chú-liōng (±)	22.98976928(2)[1]
Goân-sò͘ lūi-pia̍t	kiⁿ-kim-sio̍k
Cho̍k, hun-khu	1 cho̍k, s khu
Chiu-kî	tē 3 chiu-kî
Tiān-chú pâi-lia̍t	[Ne] 3s1
per shell	2, 8, 1
Bu̍t-lí sèng-chit
Siòng	kò͘-thé
Iûⁿ-tiám	370.944 K ​(97.794 °C, ​208.029 °F)
Hut-tiám	1156.090 K ​(882.940 °C, ​1621.292 °F)
Bi̍t-tō͘  (sek-un)	0.968 g·cm−3
0.927 g·cm−3
Lîm-kài-tiám	2573 K, 35 MPa (extrapolated)
Iûⁿ-hoà-jia̍t	2.60 kJ·mol−1
Cheng-hoat-jia̍t	97.42 kJ·mol−1
Jia̍t-iông-liōng	28.230 J·mol−1·K−1
cheng-khì-ap P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k tī T (K) 554 617 697 802 946 1153
Goân-chú sèng-chit
Sng-hòa-sò͘	+1, −1 ​(a strongly basic oxide)
Tiān-hū-tō͘	Pauling scale: 0.93
Tiān-lī-lêng	1st: 495.8 kJ·mol−1 2nd: 4562 kJ·mol−1 3rd: 6910.3 kJ·mol−1 (more)
Goân-chú pòaⁿ-kèng	empirical: 186 pm
Kiōng-kè pòaⁿ-kèng	166±9 pm
Van der Waals pòaⁿ-kèng	227 pm
Cha̍p-lio̍k
Chiⁿ-thé kò͘-chō	​body-centered cubic (bcc)
Siaⁿ-sok (sòe kùn-á)	3200 m·s−1 (at 20 °C)
Jia̍t-phòng-tiòng	71 µm·m−1·K−1 (at 25 °C)
Jia̍t-thoân-tō-lu̍t	142 W·m−1·K−1
Tiān-chó͘-lu̍t	47.7 nΩ·m (at 20 °C)
Chû-sèng	paramagnetic[2]
Young hē-sò͘	10 GPa
Shear hē-sò͘	3.3 GPa
Bulk hē-sò͘	6.3 GPa
Mohs ngē-tō͘	0.5
Brinell ngē-tō͘	0.69 MPa
CAS teng-kì pian-hō	7440-23-5
Le̍k-sú
Hoat-hiān kap siōng chá ê tông-ūi-sò͘	Humphry Davy (1807)
Chòe ún-tēng ê tông-ūi-sò͘
Chú bûn-chiong: Natrium ê tông-ūi-sò͘
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 22Na trace 2.602 y β+ 1.820 22Ne 23Na 100% 23Na is stable with 12 neutrons 24Na trace 14.96 h β− 5.515 24Mg
* = excited state

Hō-miâ

Ha̍k-chiá Berzelius leh chéng-lí goân-sò͘ hō-miâ ê sî-chūn, kah-ì Tek-kok-sek ê hō-miâ Natrium; m̄-koh tī Eng-gí kap Hoat-gí-kài ê piau-chún lāi-bīn, in pó-chhî hō Sodium. Chit-ê Sodium sī tùi Sodanum hō--lâi, ì-sū sī "tī thâu-thiàⁿ--ê" (headache remedy)^[3].