摻

See also: 掺

摻 U+647B, 摻 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-647B ← 摺 [U+647A] CJK Unified Ideographs 摼 → [U+647C]

Translingual

Han character

摻 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 手戈戈竹 (QIIH), four-corner 5302₂, composition ⿰扌參)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 452, character 10
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12649
• Dae Jaweon: page 802, character 14
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1951, character 1
• Unihan data for U+647B

Chinese

trad.		摻
simp.		掺
alternative forms		撡

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (參) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
篸	*ʔsluːm, *ʔsluːms
參	*sʰluːm, *sʰluːms, *sloːm, *sʰrum, *srum
驂	*sʰluːm
傪	*sʰluːm, *sʰluːmʔ
慘	*sʰluːmʔ
黲	*sʰluːmʔ, *sʰloːmʔ
謲	*sʰluːms
毿	*sluːm
蔘	*sluːm, *srum
犙	*sluːm, *sru, *srɯu
糝	*sluːmʔ
槮	*sluːmʔ, *sʰrum, *srum, *srumʔ
鬖	*sloːm
摻	*sruːm, *sruːmʔ
醦	*sruːmʔ, *sʰrumʔ
縿	*sroːm
穇	*sroːm
嵾	*sʰrum
磣	*sʰrumʔ
墋	*sʰrumʔ
曑	*srum
瘮	*srumʔ
滲	*srums

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sruːm, *sruːmʔ): semantic 手 + phonetic 參 (OC *sʰluːm, *sʰluːms, *sloːm, *sʰrum, *srum).

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chān (chan¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄢ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): caam¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhâm
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chham / chhàm

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chān
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chan
    • Wade–Giles: chʻan¹
    • Yale: chān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chan
    • Palladius: чань (čanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰän⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: caam¹
    • Yale: chāam
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsaam¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: cam¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaːm⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhâm
    • Hakka Romanization System: cam^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: cam¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰam²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chham
    • Tâi-lô: tsham
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhafm
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰam³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰam⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhàm
    • Tâi-lô: tshàm
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhaxm
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰam¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰam²¹/

Definitions

摻

1. alternative form of 攙 / 搀 (“to mix”)
2. alternative form of 攙 / 搀 (“to support by the arm”)
   • 18th century, 汪寄, chapter 31, in 希夷夢‎:

     見一位老翁，左手搭着童肩，巫丕⿰扌𠫵着右膊，行來道：[…]

   • 1912, chapter 11, in 繡像英雄大八義‎:

     宋士公趙華陽二人亦急忙跪下伸手掺住 [MSC, trad.]
     宋士公赵华阳二人亦急忙跪下伸手掺住 [MSC, simp.]

     Sòng Shìgōng Zhào Huáyáng èr rén yì jímáng guì xià shēn shǒu chān zhù [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • Printed in 1943, 劉鶚, chapter 6, in 老殘遊記續集遺稿‎, page 95:

     少頃老姑子也來磕頭，慧生連忙掺起說：[…] [MSC, trad.]
     少顷老姑子也来磕头，慧生连忙掺起说：[…] [MSC, simp.]

     shǎoqǐng lǎo gūzi yě lái kē tóu, Huìshēng liánmáng chān qǐ shuō: […] [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 2020, 夏泊, 伤感的提琴‎:

     是刘道远同志掺扶着我去人民医院看的病。 [MSC, simp.]
     是劉道遠同志摻扶著我去人民醫院看的病。 [MSC, trad.]

     Shì Liú Dàoyuǎn tóngzhì chānfú zhe wǒ qù Rénmín Yīyuàn kàn de bìng. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Usage notes

See usage notes in 攙 / 搀.

Derived terms

• 摻假 / 掺假 (chānjiǎ)
• 摻分子 / 掺分子
• 摻合 / 掺合
• 摻和 / 掺和
• 摻水 / 掺水 (chānshuǐ)
• 摻袂 / 掺袂
• 摻雜 / 掺杂 (chānzá)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shǎn (shan³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄢˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): saam²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shǎn
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄢˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shǎn
    • Wade–Giles: shan³
    • Yale: shǎn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shaan
    • Palladius: шань (šanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂän²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: saam²
    • Yale: sáam
    • Cantonese Pinyin: saam²
    • Guangdong Romanization: sam²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /saːm³⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: sreamX

Rime
Character	摻
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	生 (21)
Final (韻)	咸 (151)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	所斬切
Baxter	sreamX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʃˠɛmX/
Pan Wuyun	/ʃᵚæmX/
Shao Rongfen	/ʃɐmX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʂəɨmX/
Li Rong	/ʃɐmX/
Wang Li	/ʃɐmX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʂămX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	saam2

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*sruːmʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	摻
Reading #	2/2
No.	1098
Phonetic component	參
Rime group	侵
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	摻
Old Chinese	/*sruːmʔ/

Definitions

摻

1. (literary) to hold; to grasp

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shān (shan¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄢ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): saam¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shān
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shan
    • Wade–Giles: shan¹
    • Yale: shān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shan
    • Palladius: шань (šanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂän⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: saam¹
    • Yale: sāam
    • Cantonese Pinyin: saam¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: sam¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /saːm⁵⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: sream

Rime
Character	摻
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	生 (21)
Final (韻)	咸 (151)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	所咸切
Baxter	sream
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʃˠɛm/
Pan Wuyun	/ʃᵚæm/
Shao Rongfen	/ʃɐm/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʂəɨm/
Li Rong	/ʃɐm/
Wang Li	/ʃɐm/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʂăm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	saam1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*sruːm/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	摻
Reading #	1/2
No.	1097
Phonetic component	參
Rime group	侵
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	攕
Old Chinese	/*sruːm/

Definitions

摻

1. (alt. form 攕) slender and delicate look of the hand

Compounds

• 摻摻 / 掺掺

Etymology 4

trad.		摻
simp.		掺
alternative forms		參／参

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): càn (can⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄘㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cam³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: càn
    • Zhuyin: ㄘㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: càn
    • Wade–Giles: tsʻan⁴
    • Yale: tsàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsann
    • Palladius: цань (canʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰän⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: cam³
    • Yale: cham
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsam³
    • Guangdong Romanization: cem³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɐm³³/

Definitions

摻

1. (historical) a kind of drum music
2. (historical) a method of such drumming

Compounds

• 摻撾 / 掺挝
• 漁陽摻撾 / 渔阳掺挝

Etymology 5

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): sēn (sen¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄙㄣ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: sēn
    • Zhuyin: ㄙㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sen
    • Wade–Giles: sên¹
    • Yale: sēn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sen
    • Palladius: сэнь (sɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sən⁵⁵/

Definitions

摻

1. (of a forest) dense; full; thick; thriving

Japanese

Kanji

摻

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

• On (unclassified): さん (san)、せん (sen)、しん (shin)
• Kun: とる (toru)

Korean

Hanja

摻 • (seom) (hangeul 섬, revised seom, McCune–Reischauer sŏm, Yale sem)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

摻: Hán Nôm readings: thảm, sảm

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.