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住
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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Translingual
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Han character
住 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人卜土 (OYG), four-corner 20214, composition ⿰亻主)
Derived characters
- 𡸌, 𣁑, 𪝲, 𬷗, 𭰠, 𥇁, 𰍀
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 98, character 9
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 505
- Dae Jaweon: page 207, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 137, character 9
- Unihan data for U+4F4F
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Chinese
Glyph origin
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tos, *dos): semantic 亻 + phonetic 主 (OC *tjoʔ).
Etymology
Derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-duŋ/k ~ m-tuŋ/k (“to sit”) by STEDT, but this is dubious as the vowels do not match.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): qy5
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): zu3
- Northern Min (KCR): diū
- Eastern Min (BUC): dêu / cê̤ṳ
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6zy
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): jy4 / jy5
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: zhù
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄨˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhù
- Wade–Giles: chu4
- Yale: jù
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juh
- Palladius: чжу (čžu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: zu4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zu
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡su²¹³/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: җў (žw, III)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂu⁴⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zyu6
- Yale: jyuh
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzy6
- Guangdong Romanization: ju6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡syː²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: zi5
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡si³²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: qy5
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰy¹¹/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhu
- Hakka Romanization System: cu
- Hagfa Pinyim: cu4
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰu⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: chu˖
- Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃʰu³³/
- (Meixian)
- (Changting)
- Changting Pinyin: chu5
- Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃʰu²¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: zu3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡su⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: diū
- Sinological IPA (key): /tiu⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: dêu / cê̤ṳ
- Sinological IPA (key): /tiɛu²⁴²/, /t͡søy²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
Note:
- cê̤ṳ - literary;
- dêu - vernacular.
- Southern Min
- chū - literary;
- tiū - vernacular.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: zu6 / diu7
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsŭ / tiū
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡su³⁵/, /tiu¹¹/
- (Teochew)
- zu6 - literary;
- diu7 - vernacular.
Note:
Note:
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: drjuH, trjuH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*dro(ʔ)-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*tos/, /*dos/
Definitions
住
- to live; to dwell; to reside
- to stay
- to stop; to cease
- Verb suffix indicating firmness, steadiness or coming to a halt.
- 契丹分明是被金帛買住了。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
- From: c. 13th century, various editors, A Collection of Conversations of Master Zhu (《朱子語類》)
- Qìdān fēnmíng shì bèi jīnbó mǎizhù le. [Pinyin]
- It's clear that the Khitans were totally bought off with the money and goods.
契丹分明是被金帛买住了。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
- (Cantonese) Verb suffix indicating ongoing action's status.
Synonyms
See also
(Verb suffix indicating ongoing action's status):
(Verb suffix indicating firmness, steadiness or coming to a halt):
- (Hokkien) 牢 (tiâu)
Compounds
- 不住 (bùzhù)
- 不住口
- 不住嘴
- 不住眼
- 不停住
- 且住
- 久停久住
- 住口 (zhùkǒu)
- 住嘴 (zhùzuǐ)
- 住址 (zhùzhǐ)
- 住坐
- 住宅 (zhùzhái)
- 住宅區 / 住宅区 (zhùzháiqū)
- 住宅單元 / 住宅单元
- 住宅旅社
- 住客 (zhùkè)
- 住家 (zhùjiā)
- 住宿 (zhùsù)
- 住屋 (zhùwū)
- 住店 (zhùdiàn)
- 住戶 / 住户 (zhùhù)
- 住所 (zhùsuǒ)
- 住手 (zhùshǒu)
- 住持 (zhùchí)
- 住民 (zhùmín)
- 住紮 / 住扎
- 住腳 / 住脚
- 住處 / 住处 (zhùchù)
- 住閒 / 住闲
- 住院 (zhùyuàn)
- 住院醫師 / 住院医师 (zhùyuàn yīshī)
- 保不住 (bǎobuzhù)
- 保住 (bǎozhù)
- 借住 (jièzhù)
- 停住 (tíngzhù)
- 僵住
- 凍住 / 冻住
- 勒住
- 原住民 (yuánzhùmín)
- 去住
- 去住無門 / 去住无门
- 吃不住 (chībùzhù)
- 吃得住 (chīdezhù)
- 呆住 (dāizhù)
- 咬住
- 問住 / 问住
- 喝住 (hèzhù)
- 噤住
- 嚇住 / 吓住
- 嚥住 / 咽住
- 困住 (kùnzhù)
- 國民住宅 / 国民住宅
- 圍住 / 围住 (wéizhù)
- 團團圍住 / 团团围住
- 坐不住 (zuò bu zhù)
- 塞住
- 壓不住 / 压不住
- 壓住 / 压住
- 夜住曉行 / 夜住晓行
- 安住 (ānzhù)
- 寬住 / 宽住
- 封住
- 對不住 / 对不住 (duìbùzhù)
- 小住 (xiǎozhù)
- 就此打住
- 居住 (jūzhù)
- 居住密度
- 居住環境 / 居住环境
- 居住自由
- 常住 (chángzhù)
- 幫住 / 帮住
- 平價住宅 / 平价住宅
- 忍不住 (rěnbùzhù)
- 怔住
- 愣住 (lèngzhù)
- 憋不住
- 截住 (jiézhù)
- 戳得住
- 扎住 (zhāzhù)
- 打住 (dǎzhù)
- 打住話頭 / 打住话头
- 把不住
- 扶住
- 把住 (bǎzhù)
- 抓住 (zhuāzhù)
- 扯住 (chězhù)
- 把持不住
- 把腳不住 / 把脚不住
- 抵不住
- 抵住 (dǐzhù)
- 招架不住 (zhāojià bùzhù)
- 拿不住
- 拴住
- 拿住
- 拿得住
- 拿把不住
- 按捺不住 (ànnàbùzhù)
- 捉住
- 挺住 (tǐngzhù)
- 捉腳不住 / 捉脚不住
- 捉身不住
- 掩不住
- 掌不住
- 掛不住 / 挂不住
- 掩住
- 捧住
- 掐住
- 摀不住 / 𰓆不住
- 摀住 / 𰓆住 (wǔzhù)
- 摟住 / 搂住 (lǒuzhù)
- 摳住 / 抠住 (kōuzhù)
- 撐不住 / 撑不住
- 撐得住 / 撑得住
- 擋不住 / 挡不住
- 擋住 / 挡住 (dǎngzhù)
- 擱不住 / 搁不住
- 擱得住 / 搁得住
- 攔住 / 拦住 (lánzhù)
- 攫住
- 架不住
- 楞住
- 款住
- 止不住
- 止住 (zhǐzhù)
- 沉不住氣 / 沉不住气
- 沉住氣 / 沉住气 (chénzhùqì)
- 沒住頭 / 没住头
- 沉得住氣 / 沉得住气
- 煞住
- 熬不住
- 留住 (liúzhù)
- 留客住
- 白住
- 白吃白住
- 瞞住 / 瞒住
- 矇住 / 蒙住
- 禁不住
- 禁得住
- 移住 (yízhù)
- 穩住 / 稳住 (wěnzhù)
- 立不住腳 / 立不住脚
- 站不住
- 站不住腳 / 站不住脚 (zhànbùzhùjiǎo)
- 站住 (zhànzhù)
- 站住腳 / 站住脚
- 站得住 (zhàndezhù)
- 管不住
- 絆住 / 绊住
- 給我記住 / 给我记住
- 綁住 / 绑住
- 縛住 / 缚住 (fùzhù)
- 繫住 / 系住
- 纏住 / 缠住
- 罩不住
- 罩得住
- 耐不住
- 蓋住 / 盖住
- 蒙住
- 衣食住行 (yīshízhùxíng)
- 裹住
- 記住 / 记住 (jìzhù)
- 貧民住宅 / 贫民住宅
- 起住
- 迷住 (mízhu)
- 遮住
- 遲行早住 / 迟行早住
- 長住 / 长住 (chángzhù)
- 閒住 / 闲住 (xiánzhù)
- 閣不住 / 阁不住
- 限制住居
- 隔不住
- 難住了 / 难住了
- 靠不住
- 靠得住 (kàodezhù)
- 頂針捱住 / 顶针捱住
- 食衣住行
- 養不住 / 养不住
- 鯁住 / 鲠住
- 黏住
References
- “住”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- “Entry #6809”, in 臺灣客語辭典 [Dictionary of Taiwan Hakka] (overall work in Chinese and Hakka), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2022.
- 周存 [Zhōu, Cún], editor (2023), “住”, in 长汀话词典 CHANGTINGHUA CIDIAN [Dictionary of Changting Dialect] (overall work in Hakka and Mandarin), Guangzhou: 世界图书出版有限公司 [World Book Publishing Co., Ltd.], →ISBN, page 86.
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