Ang berilio (Iningles beryllium) mao ang elementong kimiko sa talaang peryodiko nga may simbolo nga Be ug kaiphan nga atomik 4. Ang berilio mao ang puthaw.
Quick facts Beryllium, Panagway ...
| Beryllium |
|---|
4Be |
|
|
| Panagway |
white-gray metallic
 |
| Kinatibuk-ang mga kinaiya |
| Ngalan, simbolo, kaiphan |
beryllium, Be, 4 |
| Paglitok |
[[Help:Pronunciation respelling key|bə-Plantilya:Smallcaps all-ee-əm]] |
| Kategoriyang elemento |
puthaw |
| Group, period, block |
2, 2, s |
| Gibug-aton sa atomo |
9.012182(3) |
| Kontorno sa elektron |
[He] 2s2
2, 2
 Electron shells of beryllium (2, 2) |
| History |
| Pagkadiskobre |
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin (1797) |
| First isolation |
Friedrich Wöhler & Antoine Bussy (1828) |
| Physical properties |
| Phase |
magahi |
| Density (near r.t.) |
1.85 g·cm−3 |
| Liquid density at m.p. |
1.690 g·cm−3 |
| Melting point |
1560 K, 1287 °C, 2349 °F |
| Boiling point |
2742 K, 2469 °C, 4476 °F |
| Heat of fusion |
12.2 kJ·mol−1 |
| Heat of vaporization |
297 kJ·mol−1 |
| Molar heat capacity |
16.443 J·mol−1·K−1 |
| Vapor pressure |
| P (Pa) |
1 |
10 |
100 |
1 k |
10 k |
100 k |
| at T (K) |
1462 |
1608 |
1791 |
2023 |
2327 |
2742 |
|
| Atomic properties |
| Oxidation states |
2, 1[1]
(amphoteric oxide) |
| Electronegativity |
1.57 (Pauling scale) |
Ionization energies
(more) |
1st: 899.5 kJ·mol−1 |
| 2nd: 1757.1 kJ·mol−1 |
| 3rd: 14848.7 kJ·mol−1 |
| Atomic radius |
112 pm |
| Covalent radius |
96±3 pm |
| Van der Waals radius |
153 pm |
| Miscellanea |
| Crystal structure |
hexagonal
|
| Magnetic ordering |
diamagnetic |
| Electrical resistivity |
(20 °C) 36 nΩ·m |
| Thermal conductivity |
200 W·m−1·K−1 |
| Thermal expansion |
(25 °C) 11.3 µm·m−1·K−1 |
| Speed of sound (thin rod) |
(r.t.) 12870[2] m·s−1 |
| Young's modulus |
287 GPa |
| Shear modulus |
132 GPa |
| Bulk modulus |
130 GPa |
| Poisson ratio |
0.032 |
| Mohs hardness |
5.5 |
| Vickers hardness |
1670 MPa |
| Brinell hardness |
600 MPa |
| CAS registry number |
7440-41-7 |
| Most stable isotopes |
| Main article: Isotopes of beryllium |
| iso |
NA |
half-life |
DM |
DE (MeV) |
DP |
|---|
| 7Be |
trace |
53.12 d |
ε |
0.862 |
7Li |
| γ |
0.477 |
- |
| 9Be |
100% |
9Be is stable with 5 neutrons |
| 10Be |
trace |
1.36×106 y |
β− |
0.556 |
10B |
|
| · r |
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