Platino

Ang platino (Iningles platinum) mao ang elementong kimiko sa talaang peryodiko nga may simbolo nga Pt ug kaiphan nga atomik 78. Ang platino mao ang puthaw nga transisyon.

Platinum
78Pt
Pd ↑ Pt ↓ Ds Periodic table iridium ← platinum → gold
Panagway
grayish white
Kinatibuk-ang mga kinaiya
Ngalan, simbolo, kaiphan	platinum, Pt, 78
Paglitok	/ˈplætᵻnəm/
Kategoriyang elemento	puthaw nga transisyon
Group, period, block	10, 6, d
Gibug-aton sa atomo	195.084
Kontorno sa elektron	[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1 2, 8, 18, 32, 17, 1 Electron shells of platinum (2, 8, 18, 32, 17, 1)
History
Pagkadiskobre	Antonio de Ulloa (1735)
First isolation	Antonio de Ulloa (1735)
Physical properties
Phase	magahi
Density (near r.t.)	21.45 g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p.	19.77 g·cm−3
Melting point	2041.4 K, 1768.3 °C, 3214.9 °F
Boiling point	4098 K, 3825 °C, 6917 °F
Heat of fusion	22.17 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization	469 kJ·mol−1
Molar heat capacity	25.86 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 2330 (2550) 2815 3143 3556 4094
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, −1, −2, −3 (mildly basic oxide)
Electronegativity	2.28 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies	1st: 870 kJ·mol−1
	2nd: 1791 kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius	139 pm
Covalent radius	136±5 pm
Van der Waals radius	175 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	face-centered cubic
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Electrical resistivity	(20 °C) 105 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity	71.6 W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion	(25 °C) 8.8 µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod)	(r.t.) 2800 m·s−1
Tensile strength	125-240 MPa
Young's modulus	168 GPa
Shear modulus	61 GPa
Bulk modulus	230 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.38
Mohs hardness	4–4.5
Vickers hardness	549 MPa
Brinell hardness	392 MPa
CAS registry number	7440-06-4
Most stable isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of platinum
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 190Pt 0.014% 6.5×1011 y α 3.18 186Os 192Pt 0.782% >4.7×1019 y α 2.4181 188Os 193Pt syn 50 y ε - 193Ir 194Pt 32.967% 194Pt is stable with 116 neutrons 195Pt 33.832% 195Pt is stable with 117 neutrons 196Pt 25.242% 196Pt is stable with 118 neutrons 198Pt 7.163% >3.2×1014 y α 0.0870 194Os β−β− 1.0472 198Hg
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