Gadolinyo

Ang gadolinyo (Iningles gadolinium) mao ang elementong kimiko sa talaang peryodiko nga may simbolo nga Gd ug kaiphan nga atomik 64. Ang gadolinyo mao ang puthaw nga lantanido.

Gadolinium
64Gd
- ↑ Gd ↓ Cm Periodic table europium ← gadolinium → terbium
Panagway
silvery white
Kinatibuk-ang mga kinaiya
Ngalan, simbolo, kaiphan	gadolinium, Gd, 64
Paglitok	/ˌɡædəˈlɪniəm/ [[Help:Pronunciation respelling key|Plantilya:Smallcaps all-ə-Plantilya:Smallcaps all-ee-əm]]
Kategoriyang elemento	puthaw nga lantanido
Group, period, block	n/a, 6, f
Gibug-aton sa atomo	157.25
Kontorno sa elektron	[Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2 2, 8, 18, 25, 9, 2 Electron shells of gadolinium (2, 8, 18, 25, 9, 2)
History
Pagkadiskobre	Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac (1880)
First isolation	Lecoq de Boisbaudran (1886)
Physical properties
Phase	magahi
Density (near r.t.)	7.90 g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p.	7.4 g·cm−3
Melting point	1585 K, 1312 °C, 2394 °F
Boiling point	3546 K, 3273 °C, 5923 °F
Heat of fusion	10.05 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization	301.3 kJ·mol−1
Molar heat capacity	37.03 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure (calculated)
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 1836 2028 2267 2573 2976 3535
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	1, 2, 3 (mildly basic oxide)
Electronegativity	1.20 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies	1st: 593.4 kJ·mol−1
	2nd: 1170 kJ·mol−1
	3rd: 1990 kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius	180 pm
Covalent radius	196±6 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	hexagonal
Magnetic ordering	ferromagnetic/paramagnetic transition at 293.4 K
Electrical resistivity	(r.t.) (α, poly) 1.310 µΩ·m
Thermal conductivity	10.6 W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion	(100 °C, α, poly) 9.4 µm/(m·K)
Speed of sound (thin rod)	(20 °C) 2680 m·s−1
Young's modulus	(α form) 54.8 GPa
Shear modulus	(α form) 21.8 GPa
Bulk modulus	(α form) 37.9 GPa
Poisson ratio	(α form) 0.259
Vickers hardness	570 MPa
CAS registry number	7440-54-2
Most stable isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of gadolinium
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 152Gd 0.20% 1.08×1014 y α 2.205 148Sm 154Gd 2.18% 154Gd is stable with 90 neutrons 155Gd 14.80% 155Gd is stable with 91 neutrons 156Gd 20.47% 156Gd is stable with 92 neutrons 157Gd 15.65% 157Gd is stable with 93 neutrons 158Gd 24.84% 158Gd is stable with 94 neutrons 160Gd 21.86% >1.3×1021 y β−β− 1.729 160Dy
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