Siliko

Ang siliko (Iningles silicon) mao ang elementong kimiko sa talaang peryodiko nga may simbolo nga Si ug kaiphan nga atomik 14. Ang siliko mao ang metalloid.

Silicon
14Si
C ↑ Si ↓ Ge Periodic table aluminium ← silicon → phosphorus
Panagway
crystalline, reflective with bluish-tinged faces Spectral lines of Silicon
Kinatibuk-ang mga kinaiya
Ngalan, simbolo, kaiphan	silicon, Si, 14
Paglitok	/ˈsɪlᵻkən/ [[Help:Pronunciation respelling key|Plantilya:Smallcaps all-ə-kən]] or /ˈsɪlᵻkɒn/ [[Help:Pronunciation respelling key|Plantilya:Smallcaps all-ə-kon]]
Kategoriyang elemento	metalloid
Group, period, block	14, 3, p
Gibug-aton sa atomo	28.085(1)
Kontorno sa elektron	[Ne] 3s2 3p2 2, 8, 4 Electron shells of silicon (2, 8, 4)
History
Prediction	Antoine Lavoisier (1787)
Pagkadiskobre	Jöns Jacob Berzelius[1][2] (1823)
First isolation	Jöns Jacob Berzelius (1823)
Named by	Thomas Thomson (1817)
Physical properties
Phase	magahi
Density (near r.t.)	2.3290 g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p.	2.57 g·cm−3
Melting point	1687 K, 1414 °C, 2577 °F
Boiling point	3538 K, 3265 °C, 5909 °F
Heat of fusion	50.21 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization	359 kJ·mol−1
Molar heat capacity	19.789 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 1908 2102 2339 2636 3021 3537
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	4, 3, 2, 1[3] -1, -2, -3, -4 (amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity	1.90 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies (more)	1st: 786.5 kJ·mol−1
	2nd: 1577.1 kJ·mol−1
	3rd: 3231.6 kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius	111 pm
Covalent radius	111 pm
Van der Waals radius	210 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	diamond cubic
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic[4]
Electrical resistivity	(20 °C) 103[5]Ω·m
Thermal conductivity	149 W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion	(25 °C) 2.6 µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod)	(20 °C) 8433 m·s−1
Young's modulus	130-188[6] GPa
Shear modulus	51-80[6] GPa
Bulk modulus	97.6[6] GPa
Poisson ratio	0.064 - 0.28[6]
Mohs hardness	7
CAS registry number	7440-21-3
Band gap energy at 300 K	1.12 eV
Most stable isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of silicon
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 28Si 92.23% 28Si is stable with 14 neutrons 29Si 4.67% 29Si is stable with 15 neutrons 30Si 3.1% 30Si is stable with 16 neutrons 32Si trace 153 y β− 13.020 32P
v t e · r