Ang potasio (Iningles potassium) mao ang elementong kimiko sa talaang peryodiko nga may simbolo nga K ug kaiphan nga atomik 19. Ang potasio mao ang puthaw.
Quick facts Potassium, Panagway ...
| Potassium |
|---|
19K |
|
|
| Panagway |
silvery gray
Potassium pearls under paraffin oil. The large pearl measures 0.5 cm. Below: spectral lines of potassium |
| Kinatibuk-ang mga kinaiya |
| Ngalan, simbolo, kaiphan |
potassium, K, 19 |
| Paglitok |
[[Help:Pronunciation respelling key|po-Plantilya:Smallcaps all-ee-əm]] |
| Kategoriyang elemento |
puthaw |
| Group, period, block |
1, 4, s |
| Gibug-aton sa atomo |
39.0983(1) |
| Kontorno sa elektron |
[Ar] 4s1
2, 8, 8, 1
 Electron shells of potassium (2, 8, 8, 1) |
| History |
| Pagkadiskobre |
Humphry Davy (1807) |
| First isolation |
Humphry Davy (1807) |
| Physical properties |
| Phase |
magahi |
| Density (near r.t.) |
0.862 g·cm−3 |
| Liquid density at m.p. |
0.828 g·cm−3 |
| Melting point |
336.53 K, 63.38 °C, 146.08 °F |
| Boiling point |
1032 K, 759 °C, 1398 °F |
| Triple point |
336.35 K (63°C), kPa |
| Heat of fusion |
2.33 kJ·mol−1 |
| Heat of vaporization |
76.9 kJ·mol−1 |
| Molar heat capacity |
29.6 J·mol−1·K−1 |
| Atomic properties |
| Oxidation states |
1
(strongly basic oxide) |
| Electronegativity |
0.82 (Pauling scale) |
Ionization energies
(more) |
1st: 418.8 kJ·mol−1 |
| 2nd: 3052 kJ·mol−1 |
| 3rd: 4420 kJ·mol−1 |
| Atomic radius |
227 pm |
| Covalent radius |
203±12 pm |
| Van der Waals radius |
275 pm |
| Miscellanea |
| Crystal structure |
body-centered cubic
|
| Magnetic ordering |
paramagnetic |
| Electrical resistivity |
(20 °C) 72 nΩ·m |
| Thermal conductivity |
102.5 W·m−1·K−1 |
| Thermal expansion |
(25 °C) 83.3 µm·m−1·K−1 |
| Speed of sound (thin rod) |
(20 °C) 2000 m·s−1 |
| Young's modulus |
3.53 GPa |
| Shear modulus |
1.3 GPa |
| Bulk modulus |
3.1 GPa |
| Mohs hardness |
0.4 |
| Brinell hardness |
0.363 MPa |
| CAS registry number |
7440-09-7 |
| Most stable isotopes |
| Main article: Isotopes of potassium |
| iso |
NA |
half-life |
DM |
DE (MeV) |
DP |
|---|
| 39K |
93.26% |
39K is stable with 20 neutrons |
| 40K |
0.012% |
1.248(3)×109 y |
β− |
1.311 |
40Ca |
| ε |
1.505 |
40Ar |
| β+ |
1.505 |
40Ar |
| 41K |
6.73% |
41K is stable with 22 neutrons |
|
| · r |
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