Ang cirkonyo (Iningles zirconium ) mao ang elementong kimiko sa talaang peryodiko nga may simbolo nga Zr ug kaiphan nga atomik 40. Ang cirkonyo mao ang puthaw nga transisyon .
Quick facts Zirconium, Panagway ...
Zirconium
40
Panagway
silvery white
Kinatibuk-ang mga kinaiya
Ngalan, simbolo , kaiphan
zirconium, Zr, 40
Paglitok
[[Help:Pronunciation respelling key|zər-Plantilya:Smallcaps all ]]
Kategoriyang elemento puthaw nga transisyon
Group , period , block 4 , 5 , d
Gibug-aton sa atomo 91.224
Kontorno sa elektron [ Kr ] 5s2 4d2 Electron shells of zirconium (2, 8, 18, 10, 2)
History
Pagkadiskobre Martin Heinrich Klaproth (1789)
First isolation
Jöns Jakob Berzelius (1824)
Physical properties
Phase magahi
Density (near r.t. )6.52 g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p.
5.8 g·cm−3
Melting point 2128 K , 1855 °C, 3371 °F
Boiling point 4682 K, 4409 °C, 7968 °F
Heat of fusion 14 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization 573 kJ·mol−1
Molar heat capacity 25.36 J·mol−1 ·K−1
Vapor pressure
P (Pa)
1
10
100
1 k
10 k
100 k
at T (K)
2639
2891
3197
3575
4053
4678
Atomic properties
Oxidation states 4 , 3, 2, 1[ 1] amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity 1.33 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies 1st: 640.1 kJ·mol−1
2nd: 1270 kJ·mol−1
3rd: 2218 kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius 160 pm
Covalent radius 175±7 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure hexagonal close-packed
Magnetic ordering paramagnetic [ 2]
Electrical resistivity (20 °C) 421 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity 22.6 W·m−1 ·K−1
Thermal expansion (25 °C) 5.7 µm·m−1 ·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod)(20 °C) 3800 m·s−1
Young's modulus 88 GPa
Shear modulus 33 GPa
Bulk modulus 91.1 GPa
Poisson ratio 0.34
Mohs hardness 5.0
Vickers hardness 903 MPa
Brinell hardness 650 MPa
CAS registry number 7440-67-7
Most stable isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of zirconium
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV ) DP
88 Zrsyn 83.4 d ε -
88 Y
γ 0.392D
89 Zrsyn 78.4 h ε -
89 Y
β+ 0.902
89 Y
γ 0.909D
90 Zr51.45%
90 Zr is stable with 50 neutrons
91 Zr11.22%
91 Zr is stable with 51 neutrons
92 Zr17.15%
92 Zr is stable with 52 neutrons
93 Zrtrace 1.53× 106 y β− 0.060
93 Nb
94 Zr17.38%
> 1.1× 1017 yβ− β− 1.144
94 Mo
96 Zr2.8%
2.0× 1019 y [ 3] β− β− 3.348
96 Mo
· r
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