Plomo

Ang plomo (Iningles lead) mao ang elementong kimiko sa talaang peryodiko nga may simbolo nga Pb ug kaiphan nga atomik 82. Ang plomo mao ang puthaw.

Lead
82Pb
Sn ↑ Pb ↓ Fl Periodic table thallium ← lead → bismuth
Panagway
metallic gray
Kinatibuk-ang mga kinaiya
Ngalan, simbolo, kaiphan	lead, Pb, 82
Paglitok	/ˈlɛd/ [[Help:Pronunciation respelling key|Plantilya:Smallcaps all]]
Kategoriyang elemento	post-transition metal
Group, period, block	14, 6, p
Gibug-aton sa atomo	207.2
Kontorno sa elektron	[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 4 Electron shells of lead (2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 4)
History
Pagkadiskobre	Middle Easterns (7000 BC)
Physical properties
Phase	magahi
Density (near r.t.)	11.34 g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p.	10.66 g·cm−3
Melting point	600.61 K, 327.46 °C, 621.43 °F
Boiling point	2022 K, 1749 °C, 3180 °F
Heat of fusion	4.77 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization	179.5 kJ·mol−1
Molar heat capacity	26.650 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 978 1088 1229 1412 1660 2027
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	4, 3, 2, 1 (Amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity	2.33 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies	1st: 715.6 kJ·mol−1
	2nd: 1450.5 kJ·mol−1
	3rd: 3081.5 kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius	175 pm
Covalent radius	146±5 pm
Van der Waals radius	202 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	face-centered cubic
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic
Electrical resistivity	(20 °C) 208 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity	35.3 W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion	(25 °C) 28.9 µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod)	(r.t.) (annealed) 1190 m·s−1
Young's modulus	16 GPa
Shear modulus	5.6 GPa
Bulk modulus	46 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.44
Mohs hardness	1.5
Brinell hardness	38.3 MPa
CAS registry number	7439-92-1
Most stable isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of lead
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 204Pb 1.4% >1.4×1017 y α 1.972 200Hg 205Pb syn 1.53×107 y ε 0.051 205Tl 206Pb 24.1% 206Pb is stable with 124 neutrons 207Pb 22.1% 207Pb is stable with 125 neutrons 208Pb 52.4% >2×1019 y α 0.5188 204Hg 210Pb trace 22.3 y α 3.792 206Hg β− 0.064 210Bi
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