Ang tulyo (Iningles thulium) mao ang elementong kimiko sa talaang peryodiko nga may simbolo nga Tm ug kaiphan nga atomik 69. Ang tulyo mao ang puthaw nga lantanido.
Quick Facts Thulium, Panagway ...
| Thulium |
|---|
69Tm |
|
|
| Panagway |
silvery gray
 |
| Kinatibuk-ang mga kinaiya |
| Ngalan, simbolo, kaiphan |
thulium, Tm, 69 |
| Paglitok |
[[Help:Pronunciation respelling key|Plantilya:Smallcaps all-lee-əm]] |
| Kategoriyang elemento |
puthaw nga lantanido |
| Group, period, block |
n/a, 6, f |
| Gibug-aton sa atomo |
168.93421 |
| Kontorno sa elektron |
[Xe] 4f13 6s2
2, 8, 18, 31, 8, 2
 Electron shells of thulium (2, 8, 18, 31, 8, 2) |
| History |
| Pagkadiskobre |
Per Teodor Cleve (1879) |
| First isolation |
Per Teodor Cleve (1879) |
| Physical properties |
| Phase |
magahi |
| Density (near r.t.) |
9.32 g·cm−3 |
| Liquid density at m.p. |
8.56 g·cm−3 |
| Melting point |
1818 K, 1545 °C, 2813 °F |
| Boiling point |
2223 K, 1950 °C, 3542 °F |
| Heat of fusion |
16.84 kJ·mol−1 |
| Heat of vaporization |
247 kJ·mol−1 |
| Molar heat capacity |
27.03 J·mol−1·K−1 |
| Vapor pressure |
| P (Pa) |
1 |
10 |
100 |
1 k |
10 k |
100 k |
| at T (K) |
1117 |
1235 |
1381 |
1570 |
(1821) |
(2217) |
|
| Atomic properties |
| Oxidation states |
2, 3, 4 (basic oxide) |
| Electronegativity |
1.25 (Pauling scale) |
| Ionization energies |
1st: 596.7 kJ·mol−1 |
| 2nd: 1160 kJ·mol−1 |
| 3rd: 2285 kJ·mol−1 |
| Atomic radius |
176 pm |
| Covalent radius |
190±10 pm |
| Miscellanea |
| Crystal structure |
hexagonal
|
| Magnetic ordering |
paramagnetic at 300 K |
| Electrical resistivity |
(r.t.) (poly) 676 nΩ·m |
| Thermal conductivity |
16.9 W·m−1·K−1 |
| Thermal expansion |
(r.t.) (poly)
13.3 µm/(m·K) |
| Young's modulus |
74.0 GPa |
| Shear modulus |
30.5 GPa |
| Bulk modulus |
44.5 GPa |
| Poisson ratio |
0.213 |
| Vickers hardness |
520 MPa |
| Brinell hardness |
471 MPa |
| CAS registry number |
7440-30-4 |
| Most stable isotopes |
| Main article: Isotopes of thulium |
| iso |
NA |
half-life |
DM |
DE (MeV) |
DP |
|---|
| 167Tm |
syn |
9.25 d |
ε |
0.748 |
167Er |
| 168Tm |
syn |
93.1 d |
ε |
1.679 |
168Er |
| 169Tm |
100% |
169Tm is stable with 100 neutrons |
| 170Tm |
syn |
128.6 d |
β− |
0.968 |
170Yb |
| 171Tm |
syn |
1.92 y |
β− |
0.096 |
171Yb |
|
| · r |
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