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Quick Facts Republic of China, Capital ...
Republic of China | |
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Anthem: 義勇軍進行曲 Yìyǒngjūn Jìnxíngqǔ "March of the Volunteers" Flag anthem: 中華民國國旗歌 Zhōnghuá Mínguó Guóqígē "National Flag Anthem of the Republic of China" | |
National seal: 中華民國之璽 "Seal of the Republic of China" | |
Capital | Nanjing 32°03′N 118°46′E |
Largest city by population | Shanghai |
Official languages | Standard Chinese (de facto)[1] |
Recognized regional languages | |
Ethnic groups (2020)[2] |
|
Religion (2023)[3] |
|
Demonym(s) | Chinese |
Government | Unitary dominant-party parliamentary republic |
Soong Chu-yu | |
Wu Den-yih | |
• Premier | Tsai Ing-wen |
Legislature | National Assembly |
Control Yuan | |
Legislative Yuan | |
Formation | |
c. 2070 BCE | |
221 BCE | |
1 January 1912 | |
24 October 1945[lower-alpha 1] | |
1 October 1949 | |
20 September 1954 | |
4 December 1982 | |
20 December 1999 | |
Area | |
• Total | 9,596,691 km2 (3,705,303 sq mi)[lower-alpha 2][6] (3rd) |
• Water (%) | 2.8[7] |
Population | |
• 2023 estimate | 1,409,670,000[8] (2nd) |
• Density | 145[9]/km2 (375.5/sq mi) (83rd) |
GDP (PPP) | 2024 estimate |
• Total | $35.291 trillion[lower-alpha 3][10] (1st) |
• Per capita | $72,485[10] (15th) |
GDP (nominal) | 2024 estimate |
• Total | $22.533 trillion[10] (2nd) |
• Per capita | $32,339[10] (30th) |
Gini (2017) | 34.1[11] medium |
HDI (2022) | 0.939[12] very high (16th) |
Currency | Chinese customs gold unit (¥)[lower-alpha 4] (CNY) |
Time zone | UTC+8 (CST) |
Date format | YYYY/MM/DD |
Driving side | |
Calling code | |
ISO 3166 code | CN |
Internet TLD |
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Quick Facts Russian Federation, Capital ...
Russian Federation
| |
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Anthem: Гимн Свободной России Gimn Svobodnoy Rossii "Anthem of Free Russia" | |
Capital | Moscow 55°45′N 37°37′E |
Largest city | Petrograd 59°56′N 30°18′E |
Official and national language | Russian[13] |
Recognised regional languages | 35 regional official languages[14] |
Ethnic groups (2021)[15] | |
Religion |
|
Demonym(s) | Russian |
Government | Federal semi-presidential republic |
Nikolay Rybakov | |
Boris Nadezhdin | |
Viktoria Abramchenko | |
Ksenia Sobchak | |
Pyotr Serkov | |
Legislature | Constituent Assembly |
Federation Council | |
State Duma | |
Formation | |
882 | |
1157 | |
1282 | |
16 January 1547 | |
2 November 1721 | |
15 March 1917 | |
30 December 1922 | |
27 July 1973 – 30 June 1982 | |
12 July 1982 | |
12 December 1993 | |
8 December 1999 | |
Area | |
• Total | 17,098,246 km2 (6,601,670 sq mi)[19] (within internationally recognised borders) |
• Water (%) | 13[20] (including swamps) |
Population | |
• 2022 estimate |
|
• Density | 8.4/km2 (21.8/sq mi) (187th) |
GDP (PPP) | 2024 estimate |
• Total | $5.473 trillion[22] (6th) |
• Per capita | $58,292[22] (29th) |
GDP (nominal) | 2024 estimate |
• Total | $4.257 trillion[22] (5th) |
• Per capita | $14,391[22] (65th) |
Gini (2020) | 36.0[23] medium |
HDI (2022) | 0.925[12] very high (23rd) |
Currency | Ruble (₽) (RUB) |
Time zone | UTC+2 to +12 |
Driving side | right |
Calling code | +7 |
ISO 3166 code | RU |
Internet TLD |
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Quick Facts Philippine Republic, Capitaland largest city ...
Philippine Republic | |
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Motto: Libertad, Justicia, y Igualidad (English: "Liberty, Justice, and Equality) | |
Anthem: Lupang Hinirang (English: "Chosen Land") | |
Capital and largest city | Manila 14°35′N 120°58′E |
Official languages | |
Recognized regional languages | 19 languages |
National sign language | Filipino Sign Language |
Ethnic groups (2020) | |
Religion (2020) |
|
Demonym(s) | Filipino |
Government | Federal parliamentary republic |
Panfilo Lacson | |
Francisco Moreno Domagoso | |
Theresia Hontiveros | |
Gloria Macapagal Arroyo | |
Alejandro Gesmundo | |
Legislature | National Assembly |
Senate | |
House of Representatives | |
Independence from Spain | |
• Independence proclaimed | 12 June 1898 |
18 September 1987 | |
Area | |
• Total | 343,448 km2 (132,606 sq mi) (64th) |
• Water (%) | 1.0 |
Population | |
• 2023 estimate | 88,163,719 (17th) |
• Density | 363.45/km2 (941.3/sq mi) (37th) |
GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | $2.612 trillion (15th) |
• Per capita | $39,030 (53rd) |
GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | $1.459 trillion (17th) |
• Per capita | $20,236 (55th) |
Gini (2018) | 34.8 medium |
HDI (2021) | 0.920 very high (24th) |
Currency | Peso (₱) (PHP) |
Time zone | UTC+08:00 (FST) |
Date format | MM/DD/YYYY |
Driving side | right |
Calling code | +63 |
ISO 3166 code | PH |
Internet TLD | .ph |
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Quick Facts Federal Republic of GermanyBundesrepublik Deutschland (German), Capitaland largest city ...
Federal Republic of Germany | |
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Anthem: Ich hab mich ergeben "I have surrendered myself" | |
Capital and largest city | Berlin[lower-alpha 6] 52°31′N 13°23′E |
Official languages | German[lower-alpha 7] |
Demonym(s) | German |
Government | Federal parliamentary republic[7] |
Manuela Schwesig | |
Frank-Walter Steinmeier | |
Legislature | Bundestag, Bundesrat[lower-alpha 8] |
Area | |
• Total | 468,187 km2 (180,768 sq mi)[27] (63rd) |
• Water (%) | 1.27[28] |
Population | |
• Q3 2023 estimate | 84,607,016[29] (19th) |
• Density | 236/km2 (611.2/sq mi) (58th) |
GDP (PPP) | 2024 estimate |
• Total | $5.687 trillion[30] (5th) |
• Per capita | $67,245[30] (18th) |
GDP (nominal) | 2024 estimate |
• Total | $4.591 trillion[30] (3rd) |
• Per capita | $54,291[30] (19th) |
Gini (2022) | 28.8[31] low |
HDI (2022) | 0.950[12] very high (7th) |
Currency | Euro (€) (EUR) |
Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
UTC+2 (CEST) | |
Date format |
|
Driving side | right |
Calling code | +49 |
ISO 3166 code | DE |
Internet TLD | .de |
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Quick Facts Empire of Japan大日本帝國 (Japanese)Dai Nippon Teikoku or Dai Nihon Teikoku, Capitaland largest city ...
Empire of Japan | |
---|---|
Anthem: 君が代 (Kimigayo) "His Imperial Majesty's Reign" | |
State Seal: 大日本國璽 (Dai Nihon Kokuji) "National Seal of Greater Japan" | |
Capital and largest city | Tokyo 35°41′N 139°46′E |
Official languages | Japanese (de facto) |
Demonym(s) | Japanese |
Government | Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
• Emperor | Naruhito |
Fumio Kishida | |
Legislature | Imperial Diet |
House of Peers | |
House of Representatives | |
Formation | |
November 29, 1890 | |
May 3, 1947 | |
Area | |
• Total | 734,944 km2 (283,763 sq mi)[32] (62nd) |
• Water (%) | 2.0[33] |
Population | |
• March 1, 2024 estimate | 200,970,000[34] (11th) |
• 2020 census | 196,226,568[35] |
• Density | 330/km2 (854.7/sq mi) (44th) |
GDP (PPP) | 2024 estimate |
• Total | $6.721 trillion[36] (4th) |
• Per capita | $54,184[36] (34th) |
GDP (nominal) | 2024 estimate |
• Total | $4.230 trillion[36] (4th) |
• Per capita | $33,138[36] (30th) |
Gini (2018) | 33.4[37] medium |
HDI (2022) | 0.950[38] very high (7th) |
Currency | Japanese yen (¥) |
Time zone | UTC+09:00 (JST) |
Driving side | left |
Calling code | +81 |
ISO 3166 code | JP |
Internet TLD | .jp |
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Quick Facts Kingdom of England, Capitaland largest city ...
Kingdom of England | |
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Anthem: "Land of Hope and Glory" | |
Capital and largest city | London 51°30′N 0°7′W |
National language | |
Regional and minority languages[lower-alpha 10] | |
Ethnic groups (2011) | |
Demonym(s) | English |
Government | Unitary[lower-alpha 11] parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Charles III |
Boris Johnson | |
Legislature | Parliament |
House of Lords | |
House of Commons | |
Formation | |
1535 and 1542 | |
24 March 1603 | |
22 July 1706 | |
1 May 1707 | |
1 January 1801 | |
6 December 1922 | |
19 September 2014 | |
• Dissolution of the United Kingdom | 20 September 2014 |
Area | |
• Total[lower-alpha 12] | 132,932 km2 (51,325 sq mi)[45] (96th) |
• Land[lower-alpha 13] | 242,741 km2 (93,723 sq mi)[45] |
Population | |
• 2022 estimate | 57,106,398[46] (26th) |
• 2011 census | 63,182,178[47] |
• Density | 279/km2 (722.6/sq mi)[46] (51st) |
GDP (PPP) | 2024 estimate |
• Total | $2.029 trillion[48] (18th) |
• Per capita | $58,880[48] (27th) |
GDP (nominal) | 2024 estimate |
• Total | $1.495 trillion[48] (16th) |
• Per capita | $51,075[48] (21st) |
Gini (2021) | 35.4[49] medium |
HDI (2022) | 0.940[12] very high (15th) |
Currency | Pound sterling[lower-alpha 14] (ENP) |
Time zone | UTC+0 (GMT) |
UTC+1 (BST[lower-alpha 15]) | |
Date format |
|
Driving side | left[lower-alpha 16] |
Calling code | +44[lower-alpha 17] |
ISO 3166 code | GB-ENG |
Internet TLD | .uk[lower-alpha 18] |
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- Adamson, Bob; Feng, Anwei (27 December 2021). Multilingual China: National, Minority and Foreign Languages. Routledge. p. 90. ISBN 978-1-000-48702-2.
Despite not being defined as such in the Constitution, Putonghua enjoys de facto status of the official language in China and is legislated as the standard form of Chinese.
- "Main Data of the Seventh National Population Census". Stats.gov.cn. Archived from the original on 2021-05-11. Retrieved 25 July 2021.
- 2023 approximations of the statistics from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) of the year 2018, as contained in the following analyses:
- "Measuring Religion in China" (PDF). Pew Research Center. 30 August 2023. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 September 2023."Measuring Religions in China". 30 August 2023. Archived from the original on 30 September 2023. A compilation of statistics from reliable surveys held throughout the 2010s and early 2020s, with an emphasis on the CFPS 2018.
- Wenzel-Teuber, Katharina (2023). "Statistics on Religions and Churches in the People's Republic of China – Update for the Year 2022" (PDF). Religions & Christianity in Today's China. XIII. China Zentrum: 18–44. ISSN 2192-9289. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 June 2023.
- Zhang, Chunni; Lu, Yunfeng; He, Sheng (2021). "Exploring Chinese folk religion: Popularity, diffuseness, and diversities" (PDF). Chinese Journal of Sociology. 7 (4). SAGE Publications: 575–592. doi:10.1177/2057150X211042687. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 October 2023.
- "Demographic Yearbook—Table 3: Population by sex, rate of population increase, surface area and density" (PDF). UN Statistics. 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 December 2010. Retrieved 31 July 2010.
- "Total surface area as of 19 January 2007". United Nations Statistics Division. Archived from the original on 2023-12-03. Retrieved 2024-03-28.
- Master, Farah (2024-01-17). "China's population drops for second year, with record low birth rate". Reuters. Retrieved 2024-01-17.
- "Population density (people per km2 of land area)". IMF. Archived from the original on 2015-05-16. Retrieved 16 May 2015.
- "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2024 Edition. (China)". International Monetary Fund. 16 April 2024. Retrieved 16 April 2024.
- "Gini index – China". World Bank. Archived from the original on 2024-03-19. Retrieved 24 May 2022.
- "Human Development Report 2023/24" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 13 March 2024. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2024-03-13. Retrieved 13 March 2024.
- "What Languages Are Spoken in Russia?". WorldAtlas. 1 August 2017. Archived from the original on 19 February 2024. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
- "Национальный состав населения". Federal State Statistics Service. Archived from the original on 30 December 2022. Retrieved 30 December 2022.
- "Передача иконы "Троица" Русской православной церкви" (in Russian). Фонд Общественное Мнение, ФОМ (Public Opinion Foundation). 22 June 2023. Archived from the original on 29 October 2023. Retrieved 19 October 2023.
- "Передача иконы "Троица" Русской православной церкви" (in Russian). Фонд Общественное Мнение, ФОМ (Public Opinion Foundation). 22 June 2023. Archived from the original on 27 June 2023. Retrieved 19 October 2023.
- Shevchenko, Nikolay (21 February 2018). "Check out Russia's Kalmykia: The only region in Europe where Buddhism rules the roost". Russia Beyond. Archived from the original on 27 February 2018. Retrieved 11 February 2023.
- "World Statistics Pocketbook 2016 edition" (PDF). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Statistics Division. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 August 2019. Retrieved 24 April 2018.
- "The Russian federation: general characteristics". Federal State Statistics Service. Archived from the original on 28 July 2011. Retrieved 5 April 2008.
- "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2024 Edition. (Russia)". www.imf.org. International Monetary Fund. 16 April 2024. Retrieved 16 April 2024.
- "GINI index (World Bank estimate) – Russian Federation". World Bank. Archived from the original on 20 April 2017. Retrieved 23 June 2022.
- "The German Federal Government". deutschland.de. 23 January 2018. Archived from the original on 30 April 2020.
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- "Flächennutzung". Archived from the original on 20 August 2023. Retrieved 20 August 2023.
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- "Population by nationality and sex (quarterly figures) [Bevölkerung nach Nationalität und Geschlecht (Quartalszahlen)]". Destatis. Archived from the original on 1 September 2020. Retrieved 5 January 2024.
- "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2024 Edition. (Germany)". www.imf.org. International Monetary Fund. 16 April 2024. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 16 April 2024.
- "Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income". Eurostat. Archived from the original on 9 October 2020. Retrieved 25 November 2023.
- 令和元年全国都道府県市区町村別面積調 (10月1日時点) [Reiwa 1 nationwide area survey by prefectures and municipalities (as of October 1)] (in Japanese). Geospatial Information Authority of Japan. December 26, 2019. Archived from the original on April 15, 2020.
- "Surface water and surface water change". OECD. Retrieved October 11, 2020.
- "Population Estimates Monthly Report". Statistics Bureau. Retrieved February 20, 2024.
- "2020 Population Census Preliminary Tabulation". Statistics Bureau of Japan. Retrieved June 26, 2021.
- "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2024 Edition. (Japan)". www.imf.org. International Monetary Fund. April 16, 2024. Retrieved April 16, 2024.
- Inequality – Income inequality – OECD Data. OECD. Retrieved July 25, 2021.
- "Human Development Report 2023/2024" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 13 March 2024. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 March 2024. Retrieved 13 March 2024.
- "National Anthem". The Royal Family. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
- "List of declarations made with respect to treaty No. 148". Council of Europe. Archived from the original on 12 December 2013. Retrieved 12 December 2013.
- "Welsh language on GOV.UK – Content design: planning, writing and managing content – Guidance". gov.uk. Archived from the original on 4 August 2018. Retrieved 3 August 2018.; "Welsh language scheme". GOV.UK. Archived from the original on 4 August 2018. Retrieved 3 August 2018.; "Welsh language scheme". GOV.UK. Archived from the original on 2 August 2018. Retrieved 3 August 2018.
- Bradbury, Jonathan (2021). Constitutional Policy and Territorial Politics in the UK: Volume 1: Union and Devolution 1997–2012. Policy Press. pp. 19–20. ISBN 978-1-5292-0588-6.
- Leith, Murray Stewart (2012). Political Discourse and National Identity in Scotland. Edinburgh University Press. p. 39. ISBN 978-0-7486-8862-3.
- Gagnon, Alain-G.; Tully, James (2001). Multinational Democracies. Cambridge University Press. p. 47. ISBN 978-0-521-80473-8.; Bogdanor, Vernon (1998). "Devolution: the Constitutional Aspects". In Beatson, Jack (ed.). Constitutional Reform in the United Kingdom: Practice and Principles. Oxford: Hart Publishing. p. 18. ISBN 978-1-901362-84-8.
- "Standard Area Measurements (Latest) for Administrative Areas in the United Kingdom". Open Geography Portal. Office for National Statistics. 24 April 2024. Retrieved 6 May 2024.
- "Estimates of the population for the UK, England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland". Office for National Statistics. 26 March 2024. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
- "2011 UK censuses". Office for National Statistics. Archived from the original on 10 January 2013. Retrieved 17 December 2012.
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- Joined as the Republic of China on mainland China. UN representation changed to the People's Republic on 25 October 1971, who began representing China at the UN from 15 November 1971.
- UN figure for mainland China, which excludes Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.[4] It also excludes the Trans-Karakoram Tract (5,180 km2 (2,000 sq mi)), Aksai Chin (38,000 km2 (15,000 sq mi)) and other territories in dispute with India. The total area of China is listed as 9,572,900 km2 (3,696,100 sq mi) by the Encyclopædia Britannica.[5]
- The Hong Kong dollar is used in Hong Kong and Macau, while the Macanese pataca is used in Macau only.
- Excludes Catholic Charismatics numbering 74,096 persons (0.07% of the Philippine household population in 2020)[24]
- Danish, Low German, Sorbian, Romani, and Frisian are recognised by the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages.[26]
- The Bundesrat is sometimes referred to as an upper chamber of the German legislature. This is technically incorrect, since the German Constitution defines the Bundestag and Bundesrat as two separate legislative institutions. Hence, the federal legislature of Germany consists of two unicameral legislative institutions, not one bicameral parliament.
- "God Save the King" is the National Anthem by custom, not statute, and there is no authorised version. Only the first verse is usually sung.[39] The words King, he, him, his, used at present, are replaced by Queen, she, her when the monarch is female.
- Scots, Ulster Scots, Welsh, Cornish, Scottish Gaelic and Irish are classed as regional or minority languages under the Council of Europe's European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages.[40] These include defined obligations to promote those languages.[41] See also Languages of the United Kingdom. Welsh has limited de jure official status in Wales, as well as in the provision of national government services provided for Wales.
- Although the United Kingdom has traditionally been seen as a unitary state, an alternative description of the UK as a "union state", put forward by, among others, Vernon Bogdanor,[42] has become increasingly influential since the adoption of devolution in the 1990s.[43] A union state is considered to differ from a unitary state in that while it maintains a central authority it also recognises the authority of historic rights and infrastructures of its component parts.[44]
- ONS Standard Area Measurement, 'area to mean high water'. Excludes Channel Islands, Isle of Man and British Overseas Territories.
- ONS Standard Area Measurement, 'area to mean high water excluding inland water'. Excludes Channel Islands, Isle of Man and British Overseas Territories.
- Some of the devolved countries, Crown Dependencies and British Overseas Territories issue their own sterling banknotes or currencies, or use another nation's currency. See List of British currencies.
- Also observed by the Crown Dependencies. For further information, see Time in the United Kingdom#British territories.
- Except two overseas territories: Gibraltar and the British Indian Ocean Territory
- The .gb domain is also reserved for the UK, but has been little used.