蝴蝶

More information butterfly, trad. (蝴蝶) ...

Wikipedia has articles on:

蝴蝶 (Written Standard Chinese^?)
蝴蝶 (Cantonese)
Hù-diĕk (Eastern Min)
Ô͘-tia̍p (Southern Min)

Etymology

From Middle Chinese *ɦuo dep (first syllable unstressed), from Old Chinese *ɡaː l'eːb, derived from a proto-form of *kʰleːp ~ *ɦleːp, a prefixed form of the root *lep (“butterfly”), which was also the source of.

Tibetan ཕྱེ་མ་ལེབ (phye ma leb, “butterfly”) and
Burmese လိပ်ပြာ (lippra, “butterfly”).

Variants of 胡蝶 / 蝴蝶, representing different developments from the proto-form, including disyllabification, fricativisation of the voiceless initial, etc.:

蝶 (OC *l'eːb), 蜨 (OC *seːb), 胡蜨 / 蝴蜨 (OC *ɡaː seːb), 蛺蝶 (OC *keːb l'eːb), 蛺蜨 (OC *keːb seːb).

There are different theories regarding the original meaning of the root *lep:

Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ljap (“thin; flat; flat object”), represented by the phonetic element 枼 (OC *leb) in Chinese. Related to 葉 (OC *hljeb, *leb, “leaf”), 牒 (OC *l'eːb, “official document < plank”), Tibetan ལེབ་ལེབ (leb leb, “flat; level”), ལེབ་མོ (leb mo, “flat”) and Burmese လှပ် (hlap, “thin”). See 枼 for more.
Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-ljap (“lightning; flash; glitter”) (Matisoff, 2003), whence also 燁 (OC *ɢʷab, *ɢʷɯb, “gleaming”), 熠 (OC *ɢrub, *lub, “flashing”) and Burmese လျှပ် (hlyap, “(of light) to strike; to shine; lightning”). Compare Malay kerlap (“to flash; to glisten, as the wings of flying butterflies”), and Tagalog kislap ("to sparkle").

Alternatively, Sun (1999) proposes that 蝴蝶 is a fission reduplication of two cognate bases, the former being more likely:

挾 (OC *ɡeːb, “to press from both sides; to carry something under one's arms”), alluding to the flapping motion of the butterfly's wings, or
夾 (OC *kreːb, “pincers”), from the way the butterfly holds its wings erect when not flying.

Compare Proto-Austronesian *kali-, *qali- (prefix for words with a sensitive reference to the spirit world, including “butterfly”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): húdié

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨˊ ㄉㄧㄝˊ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): fu² die²
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): wu⁴ dip^6-2 / wu⁴ dip⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): vu³ iap⁵
Gan (Wiktionary): fu⁴ tiet
Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): fu² tiab⁶
Jin (Wiktionary): hu¹ dieh⁵
Eastern Min (BUC): hù-diĕk
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): ô͘-tia̍p / hô͘-tia̍p

(Teochew, Peng'im): hu⁵ diab⁸
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁶wu-diq₈ / ²ghou-diq₈ / ²wu-diq₈
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): fu² tie⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: húdié
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˊ ㄉㄧㄝˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: húdié
  - Wade–Giles: hu²-tieh²
  - Yale: hú-dyé
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwudye
  - Palladius: худе (xude)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu³⁵ ti̯ɛ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (蝴蝶兒 / 蝴蝶儿)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: húdiér
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˊ ㄉㄧㄝˊㄦ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: húdiér
  - Wade–Giles: hu²-tieh²-ʼrh
  - Yale: hú-dyér
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwudye'l
  - Palladius: худер (xuder)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu³⁵ ti̯ɛɻ³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: fu² die²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fu die
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu²¹ tiɛ²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: wu⁴ dip^6-2 / wu⁴ dip⁶
  - Yale: wùh díp / wùh dihp
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wu⁴ dip^9-2 / wu⁴ dip⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: wu⁴ dib^6-2 / wu⁴ dib⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wuː²¹ tiːp̚²⁻³⁵/, /wuː²¹ tiːp̚²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: vu³ iap⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /vu²² iap̚³²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: fu⁴ tiet
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu³⁵ tʰiɛt̚²/
Hakka
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: fu² tiab⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /fu¹¹ tʰiap̚⁵/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: hu¹ dieh⁵
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /xu¹¹ tiəʔ⁵⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: hù-diĕk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hu⁵³⁻³³ ^(t-)lieʔ⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Yilan, Hsinchu)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ô͘-tia̍p
  - Tâi-lô: ôo-tia̍p
  - Phofsit Daibuun: o'diap
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɔ¹³⁻²² tiap̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Yilan): /ɔ²⁴⁻³³ tiap̚⁵/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ɔ²⁴⁻²² tiap̚⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɔ²³⁻³³ tiap̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɔ²⁴⁻²² tiap̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ tiap̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Singapore)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hô͘-tia̍p
  - Tâi-lô: hôo-tia̍p
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ho'diap
  - IPA (Taipei): /hɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ tiap̚⁴/
  - IPA (Singapore): /hɔ²⁴⁻²¹ tiap̚⁴³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔ²³⁻³³ tiap̚⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hu⁵ diab⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hû tia̍p
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tiap̚⁴/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶wu-diq₈
  - MiniDict: wu^去 dih^入
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hhu-diq₅
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦu²² diɪʔ⁴⁴/
- (Northern: Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ²ghou-diq₈
  - MiniDict: ghou^平 dih^入
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /ɦəu²² diɪʔ³³/
- (Northern: Changzhou)
  - Wugniu: ²wu-diq₈
  - MiniDict: wu^平 dih^入
  - Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /ɦu¹¹ diɪʔ³³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: fu² tie⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɸu¹³ tʰi̯e̞²⁴/

Middle Chinese: hu dep

More information Rime, Character ...

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ɡaː l'eːb/

More information Character, Reading # ...

More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...

Noun

蝴蝶

butterfly (Classifier: 隻／只)
- 昔者莊周夢為胡蝶，栩栩然胡蝶也，自喻適志與！ [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
  昔者庄周梦为胡蝶，栩栩然胡蝶也，自喻适志与！ [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]
  From: Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuries BCE
  Xī zhě Zhuāng Zhōu mèng wéi húdié, xǔxǔrán húdié yě, zìyù shìzhì yú! [Pinyin]
  Formerly, I, Zhuang Zhou, dreamt that I was a butterfly, a butterfly flying about, feeling that it was enjoying itself.
(Hokkien) hinge (device for the pivoting of a door)

Synonyms

(butterfly):

Dialectal synonyms of 蝴蝶 (“butterfly”) [map]

More information Variety, Location ...

(hinge): 鉸鏈／铰链 (jiǎoliàn), 合葉／合叶 (héyè); (Hokkien) 後鈕／后钮

Derived terms

夢裡蝴蝶 / 梦里蝴蝶
撲蝴蝶 / 扑蝴蝶 (pū húdié)
木蝴蝶 (mùhúdié)
紙蝴蝶 / 纸蝴蝶
花蝴蝶 (huāhúdié)
藍蝴蝶 / 蓝蝴蝶
蝴蝶刀 (húdiédāo)
蝴蝶夢 / 蝴蝶梦 (húdiémèng)
蝴蝶手 (húdiéshǒu)
蝴蝶效應 / 蝴蝶效应 (húdié xiàoyìng)
蝴蝶犬 (húdiéquǎn)
蝴蝶琴 (húdiéqín)
蝴蝶瓦 (húdiéwǎ)
蝴蝶穿花
蝴蝶粉
蝴蝶結 / 蝴蝶结 (húdiéjié)
蝴蝶花 (húdiéhuā)
蝴蝶蘭 / 蝴蝶兰 (húdiélán)
蝴蝶裝 / 蝴蝶装
蝴蝶酥 (húdiésū)
蝴蝶骨
蝴蝶魚 / 蝴蝶鱼 (húdié yú)
鴛鴦蝴蝶 / 鸳鸯蝴蝶 (yuānyānghúdié)
鴛鴦蝴蝶派 / 鸳鸯蝴蝶派

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (胡蝶, 蝴蝶):

→ Japanese: 胡(こ)蝶(ちょう) (kochō)
→ Korean: 호접(胡蝶) (hojeop)
→ Vietnamese: hồ điệp (胡蝶, 蝴蝶)

Rime
Character	蝴	蝶
Reading #	1/1	2/2
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	模 (23)	怗 (158)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	IV
Fanqie	戸吳切	徒協切
Baxter	hu	dep
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuo/	/dep̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦuo/	/dep̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣo/	/dɛp̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦɔ/	/dɛp̚/
Li Rong	/ɣo/	/dep̚/
Wang Li	/ɣu/	/diep̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɣuo/	/dʱiep̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hú	dié
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wu⁴	dip⁶

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	蝶
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	dié
Middle Chinese	‹ dep ›
Old Chinese	/*lˁep/
English	hu-dep: butterfly
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	蝴	蝶
Reading #	1/1	2/2
No.	4254	11580
Phonetic component	古	世
Rime group	魚	盍
Rime subdivision	0	2
Corresponding MC rime	胡	牒
Old Chinese	/*ɡaː/	/*l'eːb/
Notes	胡後起分化字	見漢詩

Kanji in this term
蝴	蝶
こ Hyōgai	ちょう Jinmeiyō
on'yomi

蝴蝶

Chinese

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

See also

Japanese

Wikiwand - on

		butterfly
trad. (蝴蝶)	蝴	蝶
simp. ^#(蝴蝶)	蝴	蝶
2nd round simp.	胡蛈
alternative forms	胡蝶 obsolete