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離
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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Translingual
Han character
離 (Kangxi radical 172, 隹+10, 18 strokes, cangjie input 卜月人土 (YBOG), four-corner 00414, composition ⿰离隹)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1369, character 16
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42140
- Dae Jaweon: page 1875, character 14
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4106, character 2
- Unihan data for U+96E2
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Chinese
Glyph origin
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *reːls, *rel, *rels): phonetic 离 (OC *rel, *r̥ʰel) + semantic 隹 (“bird”) – black-naped oriole (Oriolus chinensis). This sense is preserved in the compound 離黃.
Phonetically borrowed for the sense "to depart".
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g(r/l)aːj (“scatter, sow, dispersedly widely; wide; star”) (STEDT). See 侈 (OC *l̥ʰjalʔ, “extravagant”) for more.
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): li4
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): li1
- Northern Min (KCR): lī
- Eastern Min (BUC): liè / liê
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): li5 / li2
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6li
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): li2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: lí
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: lí
- Wade–Giles: li2
- Yale: lí
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: li
- Palladius: ли (li)
- Sinological IPA (key): /li³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: ni2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: li
- Sinological IPA (key): /ni²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: lei4 / lei6
- Yale: lèih / leih
- Cantonese Pinyin: lei4 / lei6
- Guangdong Romanization: léi4 / léi6
- Sinological IPA (key): /lei̯²¹/, /lei̯²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: lei3
- Sinological IPA (key): /lei²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: li4
- Sinological IPA (key): /li³⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lì
- Hakka Romanization System: liˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: li2
- Sinological IPA: /li¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: li
- Sinological IPA: /li⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: li1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /li¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: lī
- Sinological IPA (key): /li⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: liè / liê
- Sinological IPA (key): /l̃ie⁵³/, /l̃iɛ²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: li5
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: lī
- Sinological IPA (key): /li¹¹/
- (Xianyou, Youyang, Fengting)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: li5
- Sinological IPA (key): /li²¹/
- (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: li2
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: lí
- Sinological IPA (key): /li¹³/
- (Xianyou, Youyang, Fengting)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: li2
- Sinological IPA (key): /li²⁴/
- (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: li2
- Sinological IPA (key): /li¹³/
- (Changsha)
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: lje
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]aj/
- (Zhengzhang): /*rel/
Definitions
離
- to leave; to depart
- to go away
- to separate
- (colloquial) to divorce
- away from
- ☲, the 3rd of the 8 trigrams
- ䷝, the 30th of the 64 I Ching hexagrams
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 罹 (lí, “to suffer; to be hit with; to encounter”)
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 縭 / 缡 (lí)
- a surname
Synonyms
Compounds
- 不即不離 / 不即不离 (bùjíbùlí)
- 不大離 / 不大离 (bùdàlí)
- 不離 / 不离 (bùlí)
- 不離眼 / 不离眼
- 乖離 / 乖离 (guāilí)
- 乖離率 / 乖离率
- 亂離 / 乱离 (luànlí)
- 人離家散 / 人离家散
- 人離鄉賤 / 人离乡贱 (rénlíxiāngjiàn)
- 休離 / 休离
- 仳離 / 仳离 (pǐlí)
- 侈離 / 侈离
- 侏離 / 侏离
- 倩女離魂 / 倩女离魂
- 偏離 / 偏离 (piānlí)
- 側離 / 侧离
- 光怪陸離 / 光怪陆离 (guāngguàilùlí)
- 光陸離 / 光陆离
- 兔羅雉離 / 兔罗雉离
- 分崩離析 / 分崩离析 (fēnbēnglíxī)
- 分離 / 分离 (fēnlí)
- 分離焦慮 / 分离焦虑
- 判決離婚 / 判决离婚
- 別離 / 别离 (biélí)
- 別鶴離鸞 / 别鹤离鸾
- 剝離 / 剥离 (bōlí)
- 剝離作用 / 剥离作用
- 勢合形離 / 势合形离
- 南離 / 南离
- 叛離 / 叛离 (pànlí)
- 可離 / 可离
- 四離四絕 / 四离四绝
- 垂直距離 / 垂直距离
- 垢離 / 垢离
- 夭矯離奇 / 夭矫离奇
- 奇幻迷離 / 奇幻迷离
- 好離好散 / 好离好散
- 妻離子散 / 妻离子散 (qīlízǐsàn)
- 孤離 / 孤离
- 安全距離 / 安全距离
- 寸步不離 / 寸步不离 (cùnbùbùlí)
- 將離 / 将离 (jiānglí)
- 屬毛離裡 / 属毛离里
- 差不離 / 差不离 (chàbùlí)
- 弩箭離絃 / 弩箭离弦
- 形影不離 / 形影不离 (xíngyǐngbùlí)
- 影不離燈 / 影不离灯
- 影形不離 / 影形不离
- 悲歡離合 / 悲欢离合 (bēihuānlíhé)
- 愛別離苦 / 爱别离苦
- 披離 / 披离
- 拋離 / 抛离
- 挑撥離間 / 挑拨离间 (tiǎobōlíjiàn)
- 摘離 / 摘离
- 撲朔迷離 / 扑朔迷离 (pūshuòmílí)
- 撤離 / 撤离 (chèlí)
- 擅離職守 / 擅离职守
- 攜離 / 携离
- 支離 / 支离 (zhīlí)
- 支離破碎 / 支离破碎 (zhīlípòsuì)
- 斑駁陸離 / 斑驳陆离 (bānbólùlí)
- 星離雨散 / 星离雨散
- 曲折離奇 / 曲折离奇 (qūzhélíqí)
- 會少離多 / 会少离多
- 月離於畢 / 月离于毕
- 有效距離 / 有效距离
- 林離 / 林离
- 死別生離 / 死别生离
- 流離 / 流离 (liúlí)
- 流離失所 / 流离失所 (liúlíshīsuǒ)
- 流離顛沛 / 流离颠沛
- 淋離 / 淋离 (línlí)
- 游離 / 游离 (yóulí)
- 游離層 / 游离层
- 游離票 / 游离票
- 游離輻射 / 游离辐射
- 漢鍾離 / 汉钟离
- 焦孟不離 / 焦孟不离
- 片刻不離 / 片刻不离
- 物離鄉貴 / 物离乡贵
- 瑣尾流離 / 琐尾流离
- 生別死離 / 生别死离
- 生離死別 / 生离死别 (shēnglísǐbié)
- 生離死絕 / 生离死绝
- 異夢離心 / 异梦离心
- 疏離 / 疏离 (shūlí)
- 疏離感 / 疏离感
- 相離 / 相离 (xiānglí)
- 眾叛親離 / 众叛亲离 (zhòngpànqīnlí)
- 眾散親離 / 众散亲离
- 眼離 / 眼离
- 破碎支離 / 破碎支离
- 破鏡分離 / 破镜分离
- 種族隔離 / 种族隔离 (zhǒngzú gélí)
- 絕俗離世 / 绝俗离世
- 網膜剝離 / 网膜剥离
- 纖離 / 纤离
- 背井離鄉 / 背井离乡 (bèijǐnglíxiāng)
- 背離 / 背离 (bèilí)
- 脣不離腮 / 唇不离腮
- 脫垢離塵 / 脱垢离尘
- 脫離 / 脱离 (tuōlí)
- 脫離常軌 / 脱离常轨
- 脫離苦海 / 脱离苦海
- 脫離速度 / 脱离速度
- 若即若離 / 若即若离 (ruòjíruòlí)
- 蕩析離居 / 荡析离居
- 行車距離 / 行车距离
- 親離眾叛 / 亲离众叛
- 調虎離山 / 调虎离山 (diàohǔlíshān)
- 貌合心離 / 貌合心离
- 貌合情離 / 貌合情离
- 貌合神離 / 貌合神离 (màohéshénlí)
- 貌合行離 / 貌合行离
- 距離 / 距离 (jùlí)
- 跬步不離 / 跬步不离
- 身首分離 / 身首分离
- 逃離 / 逃离 (táolí)
- 迷離 / 迷离 (mílí)
- 迷離倘恍 / 迷离倘恍
- 迷離撲朔 / 迷离扑朔
- 迷離顛倒 / 迷离颠倒
- 遁世離群 / 遁世离群
- 遠離 / 远离 (yuǎnlí)
- 遷離 / 迁离
- 避世離俗 / 避世离俗
- 郁離子
- 鈉離子 / 钠离子
- 鍾離 / 钟离 (Zhōnglí)
- 長離 / 长离
- 陸離 / 陆离 (lùlí)
- 陸離光怪 / 陆离光怪
- 陰離子 / 阴离子 (yīnlízǐ)
- 陸離斑駁 / 陆离斑驳
- 陽離子 / 阳离子 (yánglízǐ)
- 隔離 / 隔离 (gélí)
- 隔離病房 / 隔离病房
- 離不得 / 离不得
- 離不開 / 离不开 (líbùkāi)
- 離世 / 离世 (líshì)
- 離亂 / 离乱
- 離休 / 离休 (líxiū)
- 離任 / 离任 (lírèn)
- 離俗 / 离俗
- 離分 / 离分 (lífēn)
- 離別 / 离别 (líbié)
- 離去 / 离去 (líqù)
- 離叛 / 离叛
- 離合 / 离合 (líhé)
- 離合器 / 离合器 (líhéqì)
- 離合悲歡 / 离合悲欢
- 離合詩 / 离合诗
- 離土 / 离土
- 離地 / 离地 (lídì)
- 離垢 / 离垢 (lígòu)
- 離堆山 / 离堆山
- 離境 / 离境 (líjìng)
- 離奇 / 离奇 (líqí)
- 離奇曲折 / 离奇曲折
- 離娘飯 / 离娘饭
- 離婚 / 离婚 (líhūn)
- 離婁 / 离娄
- 離婁之明 / 离娄之明
- 離婚率 / 离婚率
- 離子 / 离子 (lízǐ)
- 離宮 / 离宫
- 離家 / 离家 (líjiā)
- 離家出走 / 离家出走 (líjiāchūzǒu)
- 離尤 / 离尤
- 離山窵遠 / 离山窎远
- 離島 / 离岛 (lídǎo)
- 離峰用電 / 离峰用电
- 離席 / 离席 (líxí)
- 離心 / 离心 (líxīn)
- 離心力 / 离心力 (líxīnlì)
- 離心率 / 离心率 (líxīnlǜ)
- 離心泵 / 离心泵
- 離心離德 / 离心离德 (líxīnlídé)
- 離恨 / 离恨
- 離恨天 / 离恨天
- 離情 / 离情 (líqíng)
- 離情依依 / 离情依依
- 離情別緒 / 离情别绪
- 離愁 / 离愁 (líchóu)
- 離憂 / 离忧
- 離披 / 离披
- 離拆 / 离拆
- 離散 / 离散 (lísàn)
- 離書 / 离书
- 離會 / 离会
- 離析 / 离析
- 離格 / 离格 (lígé, “ablative case”)
- 離校 / 离校 (líxiào)
- 離格兒 / 离格儿
- 離棄 / 离弃 (líqì)
- 離樓 / 离楼
- 離母 / 离母
- 離瓣花冠 / 离瓣花冠
- 離異 / 离异 (líyì)
- 離石 / 离石 (Líshí)
- 離簁 / 离簁
- 離經叛道 / 离经叛道 (líjīngpàndào)
- 離線 / 离线 (líxiàn)
- 離線作業 / 离线作业
- 離纚 / 离𫄥
- 離缺 / 离缺
- 離群 / 离群 (líqún)
- 離群索居 / 离群索居 (líqúnsuǒjū)
- 離職 / 离职 (lízhí)
- 離股兒 / 离股儿
- 離脫 / 离脱
- 離腸 / 离肠
- 離萼 / 离萼
- 離落 / 离落
- 離蓰 / 离蓰
- 離褷 / 离褷
- 離譜 / 离谱 (lípǔ)
- 離貳 / 离贰
- 離轍 / 离辙
- 離逖 / 离逖 (lítì)
- 離鄉 / 离乡 (líxiāng)
- 離鄉別井 / 离乡别井 (líxiāngbiéjǐng)
- 離鄉背井 / 离乡背井 (líxiāngbèijǐng)
- 離鄉背土 / 离乡背土
- 離鄉避井 / 离乡避井
- 離門離戶 / 离门离户
- 離開 / 离开 (líkāi)
- 離間 / 离间 (líjiàn)
- 離隊 / 离队
- 離隔 / 离隔
- 離離 / 离离
- 離離蔚蔚 / 离离蔚蔚
- 離靡 / 离靡
- 離題 / 离题 (lítí)
- 離題萬里 / 离题万里 (lítíwànlǐ)
- 離騷 / 离骚
- 離魂病 / 离魂病
- 離魂記 / 离魂记
- 離鸞別鳳 / 离鸾别凤
- 顛沛流離 / 颠沛流离 (diānpèiliúlí)
- 飛遯離俗 / 飞遁离俗
- 飛離 / 飞离
- 首身分離 / 首身分离
- 驅離 / 驱离
- 骨肉分離 / 骨肉分离 (gǔròu fēnlí)
- 骨肉離散 / 骨肉离散
- 骨肉離異 / 骨肉离异
- 魚網鴻離 / 鱼网鸿离
- 黍離 / 黍离 (shǔlí)
- 黍離麥秀 / 黍离麦秀
Descendants
- → Vietnamese: lìa
Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: lì
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: lì
- Wade–Giles: li4
- Yale: lì
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lih
- Palladius: ли (li)
- Sinological IPA (key): /li⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Middle Chinese: ljeH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*raj-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*rels/
Definitions
離
Pronunciation 3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: lì
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: lì
- Wade–Giles: li4
- Yale: lì
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lih
- Palladius: ли (li)
- Sinological IPA (key): /li⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Middle Chinese: lejH
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*reːls/
Definitions
離
Pronunciation 4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: lǐ
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: lǐ
- Wade–Giles: li3
- Yale: lǐ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lii
- Palladius: ли (li)
- Sinological IPA (key): /li²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
離
- only used in 離跂／离跂
Pronunciation 5
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: chī
- Zhuyin: ㄔ
- Tongyong Pinyin: chih
- Wade–Giles: chʻih1
- Yale: chr̄
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chy
- Palladius: чи (či)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
離
Pronunciation 6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: gǔ
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: gǔ
- Wade–Giles: ku3
- Yale: gǔ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guu
- Palladius: гу (gu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
離
- only used in 離瞀／离瞀
References
- “離”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- “離”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
- “離”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
- 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “离 (～开)”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 158.
- 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “离 (～别)”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 158.
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Japanese
Kanji
離
Readings
Compounds
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 離 (MC lje|ljeH|lejH).
Pronunciation
Noun
Korean
Etymology 1
From Middle Chinese 離 (MC lje|ljeH). Recorded as Middle Korean 리 (li) (Yale: li) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.
Pronunciation
- (initial position)
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [i(ː)]
- Phonetic hangul: [이(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
- (non-initial position)
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɾi]
- Phonetic hangul: [리]
Hanja
離 (eumhun 떠날 리 (tteonal ri), word-initial (South Korea) 떠날 이 (tteonal i))
Compounds
- 가시거리 (可視距離, gasigeori, “visibility”)
- 거리 (距離, geori, “distance”)
- 격리 (隔離, gyeongni, “isolation”)
- 괴리 (乖離, goeri, “estrangement”)
- 난리 (亂離, nalli, “fuss, mess, panic”)
- 분리 (分離, bulli, “separation”)
- 사거리 (射距離, sageori, “range (of a weapon)”)
- 이간질 (離間질, iganjil, “to come between, alienate something from others”)
- 이륙 (離陸, iryuk, “take off”)
- 이별 (離別, ibyeol, “farewell, parting”)
- 이산 (離散, isan, “dispersion”)
- 이직 (離職, ijik, “move one's job”)
- 이탈 (離脫, ital, “breakaway”)
- 이혼 (離婚, ihon, “divorce”)
- 출리 (出離, chulli)
Etymology 2
Related to Middle Chinese 螭 / 离 (MC trhje).
Hanja
Etymology 3
Related to Middle Chinese 麗 / 儷 (MC lejH).
Hanja
離 (eumhun 붙을 려 (buteul ryeo), word-initial (South Korea) 붙을 여 (buteul yeo))
離 (eumhun 나란히 할 려 (naranhi hal ryeo), word-initial (South Korea) 나란히 할 여 (naranhi hal yeo))
References
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Vietnamese
Han character
離: Hán Nôm readings: li, ly, le, lè, lì, lìa, lia
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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References
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