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é
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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See also: Appendix:Variations of "e"
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Languages (35)
English
Blin • Bourguignon • Catalan • Czech • Fala • Galician • Hokkien • Hungarian • Icelandic • Irish • Italian • Kashubian • Ligurian • Lote • Mandarin • Muong • Narua • Navajo • Noon • Old Galician-Portuguese • Old Irish • Old Spanish • Old Tupi • Picard • Portuguese • Rawang • Slovak • Slovene • Spanish • Swedish • Tlingit • Vietnamese • Welsh • Yele
Page categories
Blin • Bourguignon • Catalan • Czech • Fala • Galician • Hokkien • Hungarian • Icelandic • Irish • Italian • Kashubian • Ligurian • Lote • Mandarin • Muong • Narua • Navajo • Noon • Old Galician-Portuguese • Old Irish • Old Spanish • Old Tupi • Picard • Portuguese • Rawang • Slovak • Slovene • Spanish • Swedish • Tlingit • Vietnamese • Welsh • Yele
Page categories
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English
Letter
é
Blin
Pronunciation
Letter
é (uppercase É)
Bourguignon
Etymology
From Old French el, contraction of en + lou. This form is now archaic and replaced by au from ài + lou, but may still be encountered in fixed sentences and proverbs.
Preposition
é
Usage notes
Now used mainly in fixed sentences and proverbs like laissai ailai le chait é formaige.
Related terms
References
- Vocabulaire raisonné et comparé du dialecte et du patois de la province de Bourgogne, by Thomas Mignard, 1870.
Catalan
Letter
é (upper case É, lower case)
- the letter e with acute accent, used to indicate that a vowel is stressed close /e/. Usually written only where stress cannot be predicted from orthography or for disambiguation, for example, és (“he/she/it is”) vs es (“it”).
See also
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Czech
Pronunciation
Letter
é (lower case, upper case É)
Fala
Verb
é
Galician
Etymology
Pronunciation
Verb
é
- is; third-person singular present indicative of ser
- Esta árbore é dereita coma un fuso.
- This tree is straight as a spindle.
Further reading
- “ser”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “ser”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022), “ser”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018), “é”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
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Hokkien
For pronunciation and definitions of é – see 矮 (“short; low; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 矮). |
Hungarian
Pronunciation
Letter
é (lower case, upper case É)
- The tenth letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called é and written in the Latin script.
Declension
See also
- (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, Z z, Zs zs. Only in the extended alphabet: Q q W w X x Y y. Commonly used: ch. Also defined: à ë. In surnames (selection): ä aa cz ds eé eö ew oe oó th ts ÿ.
Further reading
- é in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.
- é in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).
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Icelandic
Pronunciation
Letter
é (upper case É)
- The seventh letter of the Icelandic alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also
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Irish
Etymology 1
From Old Irish é, from Proto-Indo-European *éy.
Pronunciation
Pronoun
é (emphatic form eisean, disjunctive)
See also
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
Letter
é (upper case É)
- The letter e with an acute accent, called é fada (literally “long e”)
Noun
é
- The name of the Latin-script letter e/E.
See also
- (Latin-script letters) litir; A a (Á á), B b (Bh bh, bhF bhf, bP bp), C c (Ch ch), D d (Dh dh, dT dt), E e (É é), F f (Fh fh), G g (gC gc, Gh gh), H h, I i (Í í), L l, M m (mB mb, Mh mh), N n (nD nd, nG ng), O o (Ó ó), P p (Ph ph), R r, S s (Sh sh), T t (Th th, tS ts), U u (Ú ú), V v
- (diacritics) ◌́ ◌̇
- (dotted letters used chiefly in Gaelic type) Ḃ ḃ, Ċ ċ, Ḋ ḋ, Ḟ ḟ, Ġ ġ, Ṁ ṁ, Ṗ ṗ, Ṡ ẛ ṡ, Ṫ ṫ
Mutation
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
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Italian
Etymology
The addition of an acute accent to the letter ⟨E⟩ is derived from Latin, where it was used—as a less common alternative to the grave accent—with disambiguation purposes, e.g. in a word-final syllable to mark the word as an adverb (cōnstanter → constantér).
Pronunciation
Letter
é (upper case É)
- The letter ⟨e⟩ when pronounced /e/.
Usage notes
- The letter is usually only found in word-final position, unless one wants to make the pronunciation of a word-initial or -medial stressed /e/ explicit (e.g. spesso /ˈspesso/ → spésso).
Kashubian
Etymology
The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Kashubian alphabet article on Wikipedia for more, and é for development of the glyph itself.
Letter
é (lower case, upper case É)
- The eighth letter of the Kashubian alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also
Ligurian
Verb
é
- third-person singular present indicative of êse; “[he/she/it] is”
Lote
Numeral
é
Synonyms
References
- Greg Pearson, René van den Berg, Lote Grammar Sketch (2008)
Mandarin
Alternative forms
- e — nonstandard
Pronunciation
Audio: (file)
Romanization
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 俄
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 吪
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 哦
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 囫
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 娥
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 峨
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 峩
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 枙
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 涐
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 珴
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 皒
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 睋
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 硪
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 磀
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 莪
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 蛾
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 訛 / 讹
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 誐 / 𰵮
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 譌 / 𰵑
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 讹
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 迗
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鈋 / 𨱂
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鋧 / 𰽢
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 锄
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 隲
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 頟 / 额
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 額 / 额
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 额
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 騀 / 𱅗
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 魤
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鵝 / 鹅
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鵞 / 鹅
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鹅
Muong
Etymology
From Proto-Vietic *ʔɛh. Cognate with Vietnamese ỉa (“to shit”).
In Mường Bi (and pretty much all Muong lects, per Ngữ âm tiếng Mường qua các phương ngôn), this word is both a verb and a noun, unlike the Vietnamese word, which is strictly verbal. The cognate of Vietnamese cứt in Mường Bi is kếch, whose meaning shifted to "rusted, rusty".
Pronunciation
Verb
é
- (Mường Bi) to take a shit
Noun
é
- (Mường Bi) shit
References
Narua
Pronoun
é
Declension
Navajo
Letter
é (upper case É)
- A variant of e representing an /e/ with a high tone (/e˥/)
See also
- (Latin-script letters) A a (Á á, Ą ą, Ą́ ą́), B b, Ch ch, Chʼ chʼ, D d, Dl dl, Dz dz, E e (É é, Ę ę, Ę́ ę́), G g, Gh gh, H h, Hw hw, X x, I i (Í í, Į į, Į́ į́), J j, K k, Kʼ kʼ, Kw kw, ʼ, L l, Ł ł, M m, N n (Ń ń), O o (Ó ó, Ǫ ǫ, Ǫ́ ǫ́), S s, Sh sh, T t, Tʼ tʼ, Tł tł, Tłʼ tłʼ, Ts ts, Tsʼ tsʼ, W w, Y y, Z z, Zh zh
Noon
Pronunciation
Letter
é (upper case É)
- A letter of the Noon alphabet, written in the Latin script.
Old Galician-Portuguese
Pronunciation
Verb
é
- third-person singular present indicative of seer
-
- Eſta ·xviiii· é como ſṫa maria aiudou · á emperadriz de roma · a ſofrer as grãdes coitaſ per que paſſou.
- This 19th is about how Holy Mary helped the empress of Rome suffer through the great pains she underwent.
- Eſta ·xviiii· é como ſṫa maria aiudou · á emperadriz de roma · a ſofrer as grãdes coitaſ per que paſſou.
-
Old Irish
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Proto-Celtic *es or *ēs, from Proto-Indo-European *éy.
Pronoun
é (feminine sí, neuter ed, emphatic ésom)
For quotations using this term, see Citations:é.
Descendants
Etymology 2
From Proto-Celtic *eyes (nominative plural) and *ens (accusative plural) (compare Middle Welsh wy), from Proto-Indo-European *éy.
Pronoun
é (emphatic ésom)
For quotations using this term, see Citations:é.
Mutation
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
Old Spanish
Alternative forms
Etymology
Pronunciation
Conjunction
é
Descendants
Old Tupi
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Particle
é
Etymology 2
Adjective
é (noun form é)
Declension
Note: not all forms are attested. Most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.
Adverb
é
Etymology 3
Adjective
é (IIa class pluriform, R1 ré, R2 sé, noun form é)
Declension
Note: not all forms are attested. Most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.
Noun
é (possessable, IIa class pluriform, absolute té, R1 ré, R2 sé)
References
- Navarro, Eduardo de Almeida (2013), “é”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, pages 87–88
Picard
Etymology
From Old French ef, from Latin apem.
Pronunciation
Noun
é f (plural és)
- bee
- Ch’est unne é
- It’s a bee
Portuguese
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese é, from Latin est.
Alternative forms
- eh (text messaging)
- he (obsolete)
Verb
é
Etymology 2
Noun
é m (plural és)
- The name of the Latin-script letter E/e.
- Synonym: ê
Etymology 3
Alternative forms
- eh (text messaging)
- éé, ééé (elongated)
Interjection
é
See also
Rawang
Verb
é
- hey, hi, you knowǃ.
- Bøø̀ go mvshìé.
- The snake is still alive.
Prefix
é
- marker of speech act participant involvement, but speaker is not actor.
Slovak
Pronunciation
Letter
é (upper case É)
- The twelfth letter of the Slovak alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also
Slovene
Etymology 1
Letter e with acute (◌́) to signify long close-mid stressed vowel.
Pronunciation
Letter
é (upper case, lower case é)
- Additional letter, used to denote the long stress on close-mid e.
Symbol
é
- (non-tonal SNPT) Phonetic transcription of sound [eː].
Etymology 2
Letter e with acute (◌́) to signify long low-pitched vowel.
Pronunciation
Symbol
é
- (tonal SNPT) Phonetic transcription of sound [ɛ̀ː].
Etymology 3
Letter e with acute (◌́) to signify short vowel.
Pronunciation
Letter
é (lower case, usually not in upper case)
- (Natisone Valley dialect) Additional letter, used in some words to denote the short stress on e.
Etymology 4
Letter e with acute (◌́) to signify stressed vowel.
Pronunciation
Letter
é (upper case, lower case é)
- (Resian) Additional letter, used to denote stress on e.
See also
References
- Toporišič, Jože (2000), Slovenska slovnica / Jože Toporišič. - 4. prenovljena in razširjena izd. (in Slovene), Maribor: Obzorja, →ISBN
- Steenwijk, Han (1994), Ortografia resiana = Tö jošt rozajanskë pïsanjë (overall work in Italian and Slovene), Padua: CLEUP
- Špehonja, Nino (2012), Nediška gramatika (in Italian), Poligrafice San Marco
Spanish
Conjunction
é
Swedish
Pronunciation
Letter
é
- Form of e, used to mark that the letter is long and fully stressed.
Usage notes
Further reading
é on the Swedish Wikipedia.Wikipedia sv
Tlingit
Pronunciation
Letter
é (upper case É)
- A letter of the Tlingit alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also
- Canada:
- (Latin-script letters) A a, Á á, À à, Â â, Ch ch, Chʼ chʼ, D d, Dł dł, Dz dz, E e, É é, È è, Ê ê, G g, Gw gw, Gh gh, Ghw ghw, H h, I i, Í í, Ì ì, Î î, J j, K k, Kw kw, Kʼ kʼ, Kʼw kʼw, Kh kh, Khw khw, Khʼ khʼ, Khʼw khʼw (L l), Ł ł, Łʼ łʼ (M m), N n (O o), S s, Sʼ sʼ, Sh sh, T t, Tʼ tʼ, Tl tl, Tlʼ tlʼ, Ts ts, Tsʼ tsʼ, U u, Ú ú, Ù ù, Û û, W w, X x, Xw xw, Xʼ xʼ, Xʼw xʼw, Xh xh, Xhw xhw, Xhʼ xhʼ, Xhʼw xhʼw, Y y (Ÿ ÿ), ․
- US:
- (Latin-script letters) A a, Á á, Aa aa, Áa áa, Ch ch, Chʼ chʼ, D d, Dl dl, Dz dz, E e, É é, Ee ee, Ée ée, Ei ei, Éi éi, G g, Gw gw, G̱ g̱, G̱w g̱w, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, Kw kw, Kʼ kʼ, Kʼw kʼw, Ḵ ḵ, Ḵw ḵw, Ḵʼ ḵʼ, Ḵʼw ḵʼw, L l, Lʼ lʼ (Ḻ ḻ, M m), N n (O o), Oo oo, Óo óo, S s, Sʼ sʼ, Sh sh, T t, Tʼ tʼ, Tl tl, Tlʼ tlʼ, Ts ts, Tsʼ tsʼ, U u, Ú ú, W w, X x, Xw xw, Xʼ xʼ, Xʼw xʼw, X̱ x̱, X̱w x̱w, X̱ʼ x̱ʼ, X̱ʼw x̱ʼw, Y y (Ÿ ÿ, Y̱ y̱), ․
Vietnamese
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Noun
(classifier cây, hạt, hột) é • (薏)
- lemon basil
- bé như hột é ― very small (literally, “as small as a lemon basil seed”)
Etymology 2
Letter
é (lower case, upper case É)
- The letter e with the acute accent.
See also
- (Quốc ngữ letters) chữ cái; A a (À à, Ả ả, Ã ã, Á á, Ạ ạ), Ă ă (Ằ ằ, Ẳ ẳ, Ẵ ẵ, Ắ ắ, Ặ ặ), Â â (Ầ ầ, Ẩ ẩ, Ẫ ẫ, Ấ ấ, Ậ ậ), B b, C c (Ch ch), D d, Đ đ, E e (È è, Ẻ ẻ, Ẽ ẽ, É é, Ẹ ẹ), Ê ê (Ề ề, Ể ể, Ễ ễ, Ế ế, Ệ ệ), G g (Gh gh, Gi gi), H h, I i (Ì ì, Ỉ ỉ, Ĩ ĩ, Í í, Ị ị), K k (Kh kh), L l, M m, N n (Ng ng, Ngh ngh, Nh nh), O o (Ò ò, Ỏ ỏ, Õ õ, Ó ó, Ọ ọ), Ô ô (Ồ ồ, Ổ ổ, Ỗ ỗ, Ố ố, Ộ ộ), Ơ ơ (Ờ ờ, Ở ở, Ỡ ỡ, Ớ ớ, Ợ ợ), P p (Ph ph), Q q (Qu qu), R r, S s, T t (Th th, Tr tr), U u (Ù ù, Ủ ủ, Ũ ũ, Ú ú, Ụ ụ), Ư ư (Ừ ừ, Ử ử, Ữ ữ, Ứ ứ, Ự ự), V v, X x, Y y (Ỳ ỳ, Ỷ ỷ, Ỹ ỹ, Ý ý, Ỵ ỵ)
Welsh
Pronunciation
Letter
é (upper case É)
- The letter E, marked for its short pronunciation when in a stressed final syllable of a polysyllabic word.
Yele
Pronunciation
Letter
é
- A letter of the Yele alphabet.
Derived terms
- The digraph ⟨éé⟩ transcribes the long vowel /eː/
See also
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